Slaves counted for population and votes in House of Representatives; 1 slave = 3/5 of a white person

“We the People” = government authority comes from the consent of the people

Form of government where the people elect representatives to make the laws and a President to lead

Powers of the government are not unlimited; Elected officials must obey the law

Power is shared between the national (federal) government and the state governments

Prevents one branch of government from becoming too powerful; branches can ‘check’ power of other branches

Government power is divided into 3 branches; Executive, Legislative, and Judicial

Liberties of each individual to pursue life and goals without interference from the government. These are represented in the Bill of Rights. (10 Amendments)

Supported ratification of Constitution, favored strong government; Led by Alexander Hamilton and James Madison

Opposed ratification of the new Constitution, feared strong national government; Led by Patrick Henry and George Mason

Essays written by the Federalists (Hamilton, Madison, John Jay) to persuade people to ratify Constitution

the action of signing or giving formal consent to a treaty, contract, or agreement, making it officially valid.

Legal requirement that the state must respect all legal rights that are owed to a person. Due process balances the power of law of the land and protects the individual.

The executive branch carries out and enforces laws. It includes the president, vice president

The legislative branch of government contains the parliament - the body with the legislative power to make laws

The judicial branch is in charge of deciding the meaning of laws, how to apply them to real situations, and whether a law breaks the rules of the Constitution.

1st President of the US (1789-1797); set up new national government under Constitution, retired after 2 terms

a time period from 1787-1828. During this time there were 6 different presidents with many new problems in the newly formed country.

Warned against the rise of political parties and dangers of foreign alliances; US should stay neutral

Led by Alexander Hamilton; wanted strong government, trade with British, and National Bank

Led by Thomas Jefferson; believed in state power, pro-France, against the Bank

Proposed by Secretary of Treasury Hamilton to print money, make loans, and support trade

A tax on imported goods designed to make them more expensive than goods made in home country

Farmers rebel over Whiskey Tax; Washington leads army against it, proves national government is strong. Domestic issue that tested the new Constitution.

3rd President of the US (1801-1809); approved Louisiana Purchase in 1803

Territory bought from France in 1803 by President Thomas Jefferson that doubled the size of the US

existing or occurring inside a particular country; not foreign or international.

Supreme Court case that said courts have the power to declare laws unconstitutional (judicial review)

A process under which executive or legislative actions are subject to review by the judicial branch (Supreme Court).

a government's strategy in dealing with other nations

4th President of the US (1809-1817); President during the War of 1812 between the US and British

Caused by British impressment of US sailors; US wins, creates new national identity and pride

The forceful employment into another nation’s military. British navy forcing American merchantman into their navy.

5th President of the US (1817-1825); President during the Era of Good Feelings, issues Monroe Doctrine on foreign policy

Policy that the US would oppose new European colonies in the Western Hemisphere

not supporting or helping either side in a conflict, disagreement