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WorksheetsAP Human Geo Midterm Study Guide
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 1hrs 24mins
Which scenario best explains the process of assimilation?
A family immigrates to a new country, settles near others from their homeland, and conducts most of their day-to-day activities within their ethnic neighborhood.
Despite the large number of historic churches in France, many French identify as nonreligious and believe that religion is a private matter.
The island of Mauritius has large populations of Christians, Hindus, and Muslims. The constitution of Mauritius prohibits discrimination and protects freedom of religion.
The American government educated Native American children in American-style boarding schools. All of the children were taught English, and girls were taught how to be homemakers.
Hinduism diffused from India to Bali, where it blended with traditional Balinese beliefs to create a form of Hinduism unique to Bali.
The alignment of ancient Chinese cities toward the cardinal directions (north, south, east, west) best illustrates the importance of which of the following factors in the shaping of these early cities?
Belief systems
Topography
Economics
Gender
Technology
Which of the following is the belief that one’s own culture is the best or better than other cultures?
Ethos
Prejudice
Ethnocentrism
Stereotyping
Acculturation
The state of California, often considered a hearth of environmental laws, will be the first state to ban plastic straws. Which of the following statements best describes the likely spread of this environmental practice?
This practice will likely spread via hierarchical diffusion when the president of the United States signs an executive order banning plastic straws in all states.
This practice will likely spread via social media and stimulus diffusion when other states enact identical laws banning plastic straws.
As regional news organizations report on the ban, this practice will likely spread through contagious diffusion only to western states adjacent to California.
Strong lobbying by the plastics industry will likely curtail the diffusion of the ban, and this practice will be limited to California.
Similar environmental laws will likely spread through stimulus diffusion to other states via political activism.
Christianity has expanded through repeated patterns of relocation diffusion to spread to the Americas. Which of the following explains the impacts of this diffusion on Christianity in the Americas?
The repeated relocations have resulted in a wide diversity of Christian religious beliefs and practices.
The repeated relocations have resulted in a single form of Christian religious beliefs and practices.
The repeated relocations have resulted in a decline in the size of the Christian population.
The repeated relocations have resulted in a single ethnic Christian population.
The repeated relocations have resulted in a small number of ethnic Christian populations.
Identify which of the following concepts or processes is symbolized by the pagoda in the image.
Acculturation
Material culture
Assimilation
Cultural trait
Syncretism
In contrast to folk culture, popular culture is typical of
large heterogeneous groups
indigenous groups
groups that have little interaction with other groups
small homogeneous groups
groups living in isolated areas
Which of the following describes the process of creolization?
The mix of Native American, African, and European influences to create new cultural forms
The representations of Spanish, Portuguese, and French linguistic culture on the landscape of Latin America
The layering of the European cultural landscape over the Native American landscape
The exchange of crops and animals between the Old World and the New World
The adoption of Native American toponyms for place-names of European settlements
The term “cultural diffusion” refers to the
modification of Earth’s surface by human actions
integration of behavioral traits within a group
spread of an idea or innovation from its source
relationship between human cultures and their physical environment
assimilation of a minority culture into the host society
Which of the following statements explains the regional location in the United States where the figures shown in the
image are most likely part of the cultural landscape?
The Northeast, because residents are influenced by British Protestantism.
The Southeast, because residents are influenced by traditional religions from West Africa.
The Great Plains, because residents are influenced by Native American traditional religions.
The Southwest, because residents are influenced by Spanish Catholicism.
The Northwest, because residents are influenced by Russian Orthodoxy.
Cultural landscape can be defined as
the types of art, music, dance, and theater practiced in a particular region
the ways that people in differing cultures perceive the environment
the forms superimposed on the physical environment by the activities of humans
the diversity of distinctive cultures within a particular geographic area
a particular area within a geographic region dedicated to cultural activities
Which of the following is an example of a cultural landscape?
Coastal wetland
Cloud forest
Stand of mangrove trees
Eroded shoreline
Adobe ruins
Which of the following features is most useful for describing the cultural landscape shown in the image?
The ethnicity of the people in the image
The dragon that the people are holding
The French language on the banner hanging from the building
The density of the crowd
The clothing of the people participating in the parade
Which of the following geographic concepts can be identified using information evident in the image?
Cultural diffusion
Acculturation
Forced migration
Sequent occupance
Cultural relativism
Cultural landscape is closest in meaning to which of the following?
Cultural ecology
Nonmaterial culture
Environmental determinism
Physical environment
Built environment
As Buddhism diffused through East Asia, Buddhist traditions blended with local cultural customs to create distinct religious practices, such as Daoism in China and Shinto in Japan. Which of the following terms best describes this blending of cultural traditions?
Assimilation
Acculturation
Possibilism
Multiculturalism
Syncretism
Identify the cultural trait that influences the architecture of the cultural landscape shown in the image.
Ethnicity
Language
Taboos
Religion
Gender
Which of the following correctly pairs a global religion described with its hearth region of origin?
Buddhism and East Asia
Christianity and Latin America
Islam and Central Asia
Hinduism and South Asia
Judaism and eastern Europe
Which of the following terms best describes the food preferences, architecture, and land-use practices found in a
particular region?
Cultural relativism
Ethnocentrism
Culture traits
Unitary state
Culture hearth
Based on the two images, which of the following statements best explains the geographic process that took place as Islam diffused from its hearth?
Islam is confined to the Middle East because it is an ethnic religion that appeals to only one group of people in one region.
The diffusion of Islam has resulted in a cultural landscape in China that has been radically altered to reflect Islamic architecture.
Islam diffused hierarchically to the west through conquest and to the east through relocation via missionaries along trade routes.
The diffusion of Islam has had a minimal impact on regions to the west and east of its hearth in the Middle East.
The universalizing nature of Islam has allowed it to become worldwide in scope and the dominant religion in North America and Europe.
Which of the following best exemplifies the diffusion of popular culture throughout the world in contemporary
society?
The increasing popularity of a fashion trend that originates in a large city, such as New York, and spreads to small rural towns
The spread of an Internet meme via social media applications
The spread of a religion through the migration of adherents of the religion
The increasing popularity of a new band that spends a year touring cities around the world
The spread of new slang that becomes widely used in government-funded schools
Chinese porcelain was highly valued in Europe for its beauty, style, and durability. However, imported porcelain from China was very expensive. Crafters in Germany and England developed new methods of making porcelain using feldspar and bone rather than the kaolin that was used in China. This new porcelain was viewed as having similar quality to Chinese porcelain, and the new methods continued to be used in Europe. This example describes what type of diffusion?
Relocation diffusion, because the Chinese brought their porcelain to Europe
Stimulus diffusion, because the Europeans adapted a Chinese concept to fit their own needs
Contagious diffusion, because people throughout the world adopted the use of porcelain
Hierarchical diffusion, because only the wealthy could afford porcelain
Expansion diffusion, because the porcelain-making process spread from China to Europe
Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies the concept of hierarchical diffusion?
The practice of selling pizza by the slice in America, whereas pizzas in Italy were traditionally sold as whole pies
The addition of hands-free driving features to cars manufactured by companies headquartered throughout the
world
The migration of asylum seekers from Syria to Europe
The increasing popularity of Korean pop music around the world because of social media
The increasing sales of clothing brands endorsed by professional athletes to customers in Europe
A world map of hog production per capita would reveal the lowest values in which of the following regions?
The United States Midwest
Southeast Asia
Western Europe
The Middle East
China
Cities in India have a competitive advantage over cities in China as locations for international consumer services,
such as call centers and bill processing. This advantage has its origins in which of the following?
Low levels of primary-level education in China
The Indian government’s status as a neutral state in global political affairs
The English language legacy of British colonialism in India
Large amounts of mineral resources found in China used to manufacture goods for export
Chinese emigration to Southeast Asia in the 1800s and 1900s
Which of the following best explains the Internet’s homogenizing effect on global language patterns?
The English language is widely used on the Internet.
Social media applications commonly support dozens of different languages.
Many governments censor citizens’ Internet access.
An increasing number of Internet users communicate exclusively through emojis.
The Internet accelerates communication so that people from different cultures can interact quickly and easily.
If four languages have similar words for numbers and the names of fish, but different names for a certain disease,
what might be concluded about the time at which the disease first diffused?
The disease spread among a population that later divided and evolved into four different languages.
The population divided and evolved into the four different languages, and then the disease spread.
The disease spread to two different populations that later divided into two different languages.
The disease and language spread to four different regions at the same time at the same rate.
There can be no conclusions drawn about the initial diffusion of the disease based on language.
Which of the following areas has the greatest linguistic fragmentation?
Korea
Scandinavia
Caucasus
Argentina
Quebec
The world’s three major monotheistic religions originated in which of the following regions?
East Asia
Southwest Asia
Eastern Europe
Western Europe
Africa
Which of the following best explains the practice of placing indigenous children in boarding schools in the late
nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?
The schools were intended to promote multiculturalism by introducing European culture to indigenous youth.
Many schools appropriated indigenous culture by using tribal names for sports teams.
The schools represented a traditional cultural trait of many indigenous societies.
The schools were intended to blend indigenous and European cultures through syncretism.
The schools were intended to diffuse Christianity and assimilate indigenous youth into European culture.
How does the map illustrate global diffusion of the French language from its cultural hearth in Paris?
The map shows how French-language movies, music, and literature dominate global entertainment media.
The map shows how France was an ancient-culture hearth from which the French language spread through expansion diffusion.
The map shows how in many areas of the former French empire the language persists despite the independence of former colonies.
The map shows how French civil servants established schools in many parts of the French colonial empire.
The map shows how people’s love of French food has facilitated the spread of the French language to many
parts of the world.
The map shows the distribution of the language family that has the largest number of speakers in the world. Which statement correctly identifies the language family shown and the method of diffusion that best explains the pattern?
The map shows the distribution of the Amerindian language family, which diffused from its hearth in Canada and spread southward into South America through contagious diffusion and into Europe and Asia through trade and hierarchal diffusion.
The map shows the distribution of the Sino-Tibetan language family, which diffused from its hearth in China and spread into Europe by contagious diffusion and to the Americas through stimulus diffusion.
The map shows the distribution of the Uralic language family, which diffused from its hearth in Iceland and spread into northern Europe through contagious diffusion by Norse trading groups.
The map shows the distribution of the Indo-European language family, which diffused from its hearth in the Caucasus Mountains and spread throughout Eurasia through contagious diffusion and into the Americas, Africa, and Australia through colonialism and relocation diffusion.
The map shows the distribution of the Afro-Asiatic language family, which diffused from it hearth in Egypt and spread throughout the Arabian Peninsula and into Eurasia through contagious diffusion and into the Americas through colonialism and relocation diffusion.
Which of the following is a term used in the study of place names?
Isonyms
Phenonyms
Acronyms
Toponyms
Loconyms
The Gullah language is spoken in African-American communities of the coastal southeastern United States,
particularly in South Carolina, Georgia, and northeastern Florida. It is a combination of Elizabethan English and
African dialects. One can describe Gullah as a
creolized language
lingua franca
Sino-Tibetan dialect
language family
linguistic branch of the Niger-Congo family
The diffusion pattern of Walmart stores, which have spread from small towns to large cities throughout the United
States, is an example of
relocation diffusion
contagious diffusion
stimulus diffusion
distance decay
reverse hierarchical diffusion
Which of the following does NOT act as a centrifugal force for a state?
Uneven development
Substate nationalism
Linguistic homogeneity
A fragmented territorial base
A strong tradition of local governance
Which of the following best defines Carl Sauer’s concept of cultural landscape?
It is the way people landscape their yards in different parts of the world.
It is the way houses of worship are built.
It is the outcome of interactions between humans and their natural environment.
It is a shared set of meanings and symbolic practices.
It is the human adaptation to Earth’s physical environment.
Why are most South American population centers located at or near the coast?
The colonial economies were export-oriented.
The wars of independence damaged many inland cities.
Few Amerindian population centers were located on the coast.
Latin American armed forces have extensive plans for the defense of coastal sites.
The climate is generally warmer on the coast and cooler in the highlands.
Which of the following best explains how immigration affects the cultural landscape of religion?
Immigrants often retain their religion during the process of acculturation, contributing to religious diversity
within the cultural landscape of the receiving country.
Immigrant communities fuse their own religion with the dominant religion in the receiving country to create
a syncretic religion.
Ethnic religions do not diffuse past their hearth, so immigrants must adopt a new religion when relocating to
a new country.
Immigrants bring their religion with them when they relocate, and their religion quickly spreads to the
overwhelming majority of citizens in the receiving country.
Immigrants’ original religions disappear as immigrants fully assimilate into their new culture and adopt the
dominant religion of the area.
Which of the following is true of popular culture?
It is practiced among a homogeneous group of people in the world.
It is more static than folk culture.
It incorporates traits that diffuse quickly to a wide variety of places.
It spreads primarily by relocation diffusion.
It promotes regional diversity.
