Broad, with gently sloping sides, built by nonexplosive eruptions of basaltic lava that accumulates in layers.

The rocky outer part of the Earth. It is made up of the brittle crust and the top part of the upper mantle. “The coolest and most rigid part of the Earth.”

It encompasses the lower mantle, where material still flows, but at a much slower rate than the above layer. It makes up most of the volume of the mantle. “Lower part of the mantle, makes up most of the mantle.”

The upper layer of the earth's mantle. This layer is flexible and is the layer that produces volcanoes. It is much hotter and more fluid than the above layer. “Flexible and it produces volcanoes.”

The opening through which molten rock and gas leave a volcano.

This certain type of thing has not erupted for a long time, but may erupt again one day.

A steep, cone-shaped hill or small mountain made of ash piled up around its opening.

Built by alternating explosive and quiet eruptions that produce layers of lava; found mostly where there is subduction in Earth’s plates. It has a more traditional “mountain” shape.