WorksheetsTHE TERTIARY SECTOR
Total questions: 68
Worksheet time: 34mins
The tertiary sector...
produce raw materials
produce goods
is made up of services
is the most important economic sector in MEDCs
Regardless of the level of development of a country, the number of people working in the tertiary sector tends
to increase each year.
to decrease each year.
The tertiary sector includes a variety of activities, such as ....
trade
fishing
industry
healthcare
arable farming
Tertiary sector has experienced considerable growth, largely due to the revolutionary advances made in the information and communication technology(ICT) sector.
True
False
Societies where technology dominates and the economy are called
service societies
information societies
ICT societies
Growth in the tertiary sector has also been boosted by a growth in demand for services relating to science and the management of large companies. Workers in these fields require special training and receive high salaries. These services are sometimes classified as part of ...
the upper-end tertiary sector
the lower-end tertiary sector
the quaternary sector
the secondary sector
This sector includes poorly paid jobs that do not require much training.
the upper-end tertiary sector
the lower-end tertiary sector
the quaternary sector
the secondary sector
An example of a lower-end tertiary sector activity is ...
scientific research
cleaning
street vending
biogenetics
The service sector has been subject to the following social changes:
Increased life expectancy has created more demand for services for senior citizens.
Decreased life expectancy has created more demand for services for senior citizens.
Jobs related to tourism and leisure activities have increased due to shorter working hours and paid holidays.
Jobs related to tourism and leisure activities have decreased due to shorter working hours and paid holidays.
The incorporation of women into the labour force has created a need for more childcare and services or products that reduce housework.
Tertiary sector activities have the following characteristics:
They are possible to store.
They are intangible and immaterial.
They are expanding in all countries.
They aren´t close to the consumer.
Tertiary sector activities have the following characteristics:
They have unequal distribution.
They are homogeneous.
They are heterogeneous.
They have a high level of mechanisation.
They have a low level of mechanisation.
Tertiary sector activities can be classified in various ways.
public services
private services
distribution services
business services
consumer services
Manage the movement of people, goods and information. They include trade, telecommunications and transport.
business services
consumer services
distribution services
public services
Include specialised services, which one company sells to another. These include advertising, research, banking, insurance and legal services.
business services
consumer services
distribution services
public services
Cover basic needs such as education and healthcare.
business services
consumer services
distribution services
public services
Cover secondary needs and sell goods and services directly to the consumer, such as travel and tourism, repairs and installations, and personal services.
business services
consumer services
distribution services
public services
It is the buying and selling of goods to meet the needs of a population.
Trade
Transport
Tourism
The trading of goods is an ancient activity that established links between different cultures a long time ago. Trade was first carried out through a system of...
money
bartering
wholesale
retail
Trade that takes place within the same country...
domestic trade
exports
imports
retail
wholesale
Trade that takes place between different countries....
international trade
exports
imports
retail
wholesale
Wholesalers buy large quantities of goods and sell them to other companies. Individual consumers do not have access to the markets where wholesalers buy their goods.
True
False
Retail outlets buy from wholesalers and then sell small quantities of goods directly to consumers. Examples include supermarkets, shoe shops, bakeries and the shops in shopping centres.
True
False
the purchase of products made in a different country...
Exports
Imports
Exports...
the purchase of products made in a different country
the sale of products made domestically
It is the difference between the value of goods that a country exports and those that imports.
balance of trade
balance of payments
The balance of trade can be positive when...
the value of exports is higher than the value of imports
the value of imports is higher than the value of exports
the value of goods sold to other countries is higher than the value of goods bought from other countries
the value of goods bought from other countries is higher than the value of goods sold to other countries
The balance of payments ...
is a record of all monetary transactions between a country and the rest of the world.
is the difference between the value of goods that a country exports and those that imports.
includes trade but also includes services such as tourism and transport as well as capital, i.e. financial transactions.
can be positive and negative
can be in surplus and in deficit
The balance of payments is in deficit…
when a country's expenditure is higher than its income.
when a country's income is higher than its expenditure.
Currently Spain has...
a negative balance of trade.
a positive balance of trade.
a balance of payments in deficit.
a balance of payments in surplus.
The products that are exchanged...
Buyers
Goods
Market
Sellers
Characteristics of international trade...
requires different types of transport to carry large loads efficiently and at reasonable prices.
involves moving large quantities of diverse goods to scarce populated areas in different parts of the world.
creates an international network of trading partners.
provides work for the active population.
is carried out by an increasingly illimited number of companies.
Trade with the highest economic value and volume is carried out between...
China
East Africa
Europe
the United States
Japan
Since the end of the 20th century, economic policies eliminating trade barriers have allowed multinational companies to relocate their production facilities and to sell and invest anywhere in the world.
True
False
Africa, parts of Asia and Latin America ...
are the least developed regions.
are capable of starting their own initiatives.
use older production techniques and make cheaper, lower-quality products.
use their influence to control prices on the world market.
have no control over global prices.
North America, Japan and the European Union...
are the world's most developed regions.
have some of the functions and activities of the most developed regions.
use their influence to control prices on the world market.
are capable of starting their own initiatives.
use modern production techniques to make high-quality, expensive products.
Unfair trade keeps the most developed regions in poverty.
True
False
The least developed regions can only grow if they have capital to invest in infrastructure, services and machinery. They get capital by borrowing money from developed countries. Many of these countries cannot pay the interest on their loans which prevents their economies from growing. To solve this problem, many people believe that we need to:
cancel the external debt of the poorest countries.
cancel the external debt of the richest countries.
promote fair trade.
promote unfair trade.
It is made up of seven of the world´s most developed countries. Its aim is to make economic and political decisions on a global level.
the World Bank (WB).
the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
the Group of 7 (G7).
the World Trade Organization (WTO).
the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
It aim is to reduce poverty in the world by providing financial support to LEDCs.
the World Bank (WB).
the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
the Group of 7 (G7).
the World Trade Organization (WTO).
the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
It is dedicated to ensuring international trade flows freely and fairly.
the World Bank (WB).
the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
the Group of 7 (G7).
the World Trade Organization (WTO).
the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
It aims to increase global food production.
the World Bank (WB).
the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
the Group of 7 (G7).
the World Trade Organization (WTO).
the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
It aims to maintain international monetary stability and lends money to LEDCs.
the World Bank (WB).
the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
the Group of 7 (G7).
the World Trade Organization (WTO).
the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
Roads are the densest and most structured of land transport networks.
True
False
It has the most commonly used infrastructure for moving people and goods, due to the mobility and range of the vehicles that use them (cars, motorcycles and lorries).
Air transport
Maritime transport
Rail transport
Road transport
There are major differences between road networks in LEDCs (a dense grid of roads and motorways) and those in MEDCs (sparse and often poorly built and maintained).
True
False
It is ideal for moving passengers and goods over medium and long distances.
air transport
maritime transport
rail transport
road transport
Trains are a fast, safe and cost-effective means of transport. However, the inflexible nature of the tracks means that road transport must often be used as well.
True
False
High speed rail (HSR) has many advantages but it requires the building of cheap new tracks.
True
False
It is an effective way of transporting people and light, perishable or highly valuable goods over long distances, because it is fast and secure.
Air transport
Maritime transport
Rail transport
Road transport
It is expensive, however, because of the large amounts of fuel and constant maintenance aeroplanes require. It also has a major effect on the environment, due to noise and air pollution.
Air transport
Maritime transport
Rail transport
Road transport
It is ideal for moving large quantities of goods (oil, grains, minerals, etc.) over long distances at low prices.
Air transport
Maritime transport
Rail transport
Road transport
One of the drawbacks is that it is slow. This means that long passenger journeys are becoming less popular.
Air transport
Maritime transport
Rail transport
Road transport
Means of transport and transport infrastructure have experienced significant changes in the past 50 years.These changes include:
increased cargo capacity and speed
intermodality
improved road infrastructure
decreases safety
higher transport prices
Organising and exploiting a territory requires good transport networks. This means having the infrastructure (roads, rail lines, etc.) that vehicles can travel on.
True
False
The networks consist of axes or lines that connect two or more points, forming a grid across a territory.
True
False
The central locations on these axes are known as transport hubs and are usually large cities with departure and exit points.
True
False
Tourism was an activity reserved for the wealthier classes until
the 1950s
the 1960s
the 1980s
the 1990s
Tourism became available to the general public thanks to the widespread implementation of ...
the two-day working week
paid holidays
pensions
less available free time
private cars and improved transport
Tourism is very important to a country’s economy. It helps create and expand companies and services, which subsequently generate jobs, and it is a major source of income, as tourists spend money in these destinations.
True
False
In LEDCs, the tourism sector is usually controlled by large tour operators and transport companies based in MEDCs.
True
False
Different varieties include agrotourism (staying in farmhouses), green tourism (hiking, cycling, etc.) and environmental tourism.
Beach
Cultural
Nature
Rural
Urban
Cities have always been tourist destinations and they already have lots of attractions (historic, cultural, etc.) and the infrastructure needed for tourism, e.g. hotels.
Beach
Cultural
Nature
Rural
Urban
This uses historical and artistic features (museums, archaeological ruins, architecture, etc.) and cultural characteristics (folklore, gastronomy, music, etc.) to attract tourists.
Beach
Cultural
Nature
Rural
Urban
This attracts a large number of domestic and foreign tourists who want a relaxing holiday by the sea.
Beach
Cultural
Nature
Rural
Urban
They often go to natural parks or protected areas.
Beach
Cultural
Nature
Rural
Urban
What are some negative effects of tourism?
It is a source of income for host countries.
It generates waste, noise, pollution and increases water and energy consumption.
It promotes contact with other cultures.
Tourism is seasonal, which causes unemployment in off-peak seasons.
What are some positive effects of tourism?
It can have serious environmental impacts.
It creates jobs
it stimulates other economic sectors, especially construction.
It encourages the learning of languages.
it creates jobs that are unskilled and poorly paid.
Although Spain is a great tourism power, over 90% of companies in the industry are very small. Most of these are dedicated to the restaurant industry and have few employees.
True
False
