WorksheetsDE US II - Test 1
Total questions: 59
Worksheet time: 37mins
How much did railroad mileage increase between 1865 and 1900?
25,000 - 190,000
80,000 - 180,000
35,000 - 193,000
45,000 - 175,000
What aspects of the economy were encouraged by railroads?
mass production
economic expansion
mass consumption
economic specialization
What industries grew due to the railroad?
Iron
Coal
Steel
Oil
Used his earnings from a steamboat business to merge local railroads into the New York Central Railroad (1867), which ran from NYC to Chicago and operated more than 4,500 miles of track.
Vanderbilt
Carnegie
JP Morgan
John D. Rockefeller
Scottish immigrant to the US who worked his way up from poverty to become the superintendent of a Pennsylvania railroad. He started manufacturing steel in Pittsburgh and soon outdistanced his competitors by a combination of salesmanship and technology. He used vertical integration, by which a company would control every stage of the industrial process (from mining to transporting).
Vanderbilt
Carnegie
JP Morgan
John. D. Rockefeller
United States Steel.
In 1900, Andrew Carnegie sold his company to US Steel, and sold it to _____, becoming the first billion-dollar company and the largest enterprise in the world. It employed 168,000 people and more than three-fifths of the nation’s steel business.
Vanderbilt
Carnegie
JP Morgan
John D. Rockefeller
Founded a company that came to control most of the US’s oil refineries. He eliminated competition by applying the latest technologies and efficient practices. By 1881, his company, Standard Oil, controlled 90% of the oil refinery business.
Vanderbilt
Carnegie
JP Morgan
John D. Rockefeller
The idea of government regulation of business was uncommon in the prevailing economic, scientific, and religious beliefs of the 19th century. The phrase sums up the economic expression of those beliefs.
laissez-faire capitalism
right-wing socialism
pure capitalism
liberal socialism
The belief that Darwin’s idea of natural selection and survival of the fittest should be applied to the marketplace.
Laissez-Faire Capitalism
Social Darwinism
Libertarianism
Distinct Darwinism
The invention that first radically changed the speed of communications. Invented by Samuel F.B. Morse in 1844.
telegraph
telephone
transatlantic cable
Invented by Cyrus W. Field in 1866, this made it possible to send messages across the seas in minutes.
telegraph
telephone
transatlantic cable
The richest 10% of the US population controlled 90% of the nation’s wealth by the 1890s. Industrialization created a new class of millionaires, some of which flaunted their wealth.
Social Class Distinction
Laissez-Faire
Wealth Dispersion
Concentration of Wealth
Why were industrial workers unhappy?
unfair hours
intolerable working conditions
poor treatment
exposure to dangerous chemicals
Why did workers strike?
not allowed to be in a union
not allowed to collectively bargain
bad conditions
long hours
poor wages that were being cut
How were the Northeast and Midwest regions influenced by industrialization as opposed to the South?
developed more cities
attracted more immigrants from rural areas
created more middle-class jobs
founded more farms with advanced technologies
What place(s)/state(s) were NOT settled because of gold and silver mining?
California and Colorado
Wyoming and North Dakota
Nevada and Idaho
Montana and Arizona
South Dakota
Which major cities grew from supporting mining?
Phoenix
San Francisco
Sacramento
Denver
Political pressure from the western states moved Congress to pass this Act, prohibiting further immigration of Chinese laborers for mining because it stimulated the settlement of the West and reshaped the economics and politics of the nation.
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
Reconstruction Act of 1867
Homestead Act of 1862
Where did the Western cattle come from?
Texas
New Mexico
Mexico
Oklahoma
Where were the western cattle driven to?
railroads in Kansas
train stations in Chicago
factories in Missouri
industries in Nebraska
Why did cowboys drive their cattle to railroads in Kansas?
they were taking up too much space in Oklahoma
it was roaming in fields in Texas
it was eating the grass up on the plains
1862 - This encouraged farming on the Great Plains by offering 160 acres of public land free to any family that settles on it for 5 years.
(a)
How did the Homestead Act impact settling on the Great Plains?
encouraged several people groups to move from their native regions
induced hundreds of families to attempt to farm the plains
pushed thousands of young people to start new in a new area
300 years of Frontier experience shaped American culture, promoting independence and individualism. This leveled out the classes, fostering social and political democracy. The hardships of the frontier forced Americans to be inventive and practical-minded.
Ghost Dance
Homestead Thesis
Homestead Act
Turner's Frontier Thesis
Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons why the American Indians and the American Government were in conflict after the American Civil War?
Americans began moving West
Indians wanted to move East, back to the regions they originally called home
Andrew Jackson promised that land west of the Mississippi would remain Indian territory
A religious movement that was the last effort of American Indians to resist US government controls
Ghost Dance
Ghost Revolt
Rain Dance
Rain Revolt
What industries grew in the South?
oil
textual
transportation
coal
Supported Jim Crow (segregation) laws, causing southern states to start adopting them.
Brown v. Board of Education
Plessy v. Ferguson
Dred Scott v. Sandford
Bailey v. Patterson
Which of these was NOT an effort by the Ocala Platform
attacked Wall Street bankers and big businesses
supported the direct election of US senators, lower tariff rates, graduated income tax, and a new banking system regulated by the federal government
demanded that Treasury notes and silver be used to increase the amount of money in circulation
explained the need for more transcontinental railroads and
proposed federal storage for farmers' crops and federal loans
What was the population growth between 1850 and 1900?
15.6 million to 45.3 million
54.6 million to 87.2 million
32.9 million to 56.7 million
23.2 million to 76.2 million
How much of the population growth from 1850 to 1900 were immigrants?
25 million
14 million
17 million
30 million
Which of the following is NOT true of new immigrants?
from southern and eastern Europe; Italians, Greeks, Croats, Slovaks, Poles, and Russians
poor and illiterate, and uncustomed to democratic traditions
longed for religious freedom and toleration, which they did not receive in their home countries
largely Roman Catholic, Greek Orthodox, Russian Orthodox, and Jewish
arrived in the 1890s through the early 1900s
When did the American population shift between rural America and urban America?
by 1900
by 1910
by 1920
by 1930
How much did the American population shift from rural to urban America?
40% by 1900
40% by 1920
half by 1900
half by 1920
Aspects of life in ethnic neighborhoods
overcrowded
small capacities
community centered
unsanitary/filthy
separated into distinct people groups (religions, politics, etc)
Reasons Americans wanted to move to suburbs
abundant land available at a low cost
inexpensive transportation by rail
low-cost construction methods
ethnic and racial prejudice
grass, privacy, and detached individual houses
Who was the most famous American architect?
- He used early architectural styles that were based on Roman and Greek styles, but later began using gravity and stateliness in commercial buildings.
Henry Hobson Richardson
Louis Sullivan
Frank Lloyd Wright
Daniel H Burnham
Frederick Law Olmsted
Which was NOT a type of music that originated in America?
Orchestras
Jazz
Ragtime
Classical
Blues
What allowed for the growth of popular amusements?
more immigrants and people coming to the US brought their amusements with them
the US wanted to give citizens more opportunities to build community
people wanted breaks from their work and there was a gradual reduction in the hours people worked
the decline of Puritan and Victorian rules discouraging "wasting" time on play
improved transportation and advertising
boxing, baseball, horseback riding, football, basketball
(a)
The era of "forgettable" presidents and of politicians who largely ignored problems arising from the growth of industry and cities. The two major parties in these years often avoided taking stands on many issues.
Referred to the superficial glitter of the new wealth so prominently displayed in the late 19th century. Historians often criticize the politics of the era as more show than substance.
“ (a) ” = make it look like gold
The idea of a game of winning elections, holding office, and providing jobs to the party faithful. Many men became powerful leaders and had ranks. Who got the patronage jobs within the party became a more important issue than any policy. Give jobs to your supports, the idea that you help your supporters to get them to continue to support you and make money.
(a)
Who supported the Democratic party?
the midwest
the north
the south
the east
Who did NOT make up the southern Democrat supporters?
immigrants
farmers
factories
big cities
Who supported the Republican party?
the midwest
the north
the south
the east
Who did NOT make up the northern Republican supporters?
former anti-confederates
middle-class businessmen
lawyers
- to remove certain government jobs from the control of party patronage
- Pendelton Act of 1881
- A system by which applicants for classified federal jobs would be selected on the basis of their scores on a competitive examination; the law prohibited civil servants from making political contributions
- At first, the law applied only to the first 10% of federal employees, but in later decades, the system was expanded until most federal jobs were classified
Gilded Age
Civil Service Reform
Omaha Platform
Ghost Dance
What were the two opposing positions on the money supply question?
easy/soft
simple/flexible
sound/hard
Who did NOT make up the easy/soft side?
bankers
debtors
farmers
start-up businesses
Who did NOT make up the sound/hard side?
bankers
creditors
start up businesses
investors
Tax on imports
(a)
Why did the government want tariffs?
they created an opportunity for more farm growth
the fund more than half of the federal revenue
it raised prices on consumer goods
What is NOT a reason that the business and industry favored tariffs?
- note that each answer is true about tariffs -
the fund more than half of the federal revenue
raised prices on consumer goods
protected US industry
Why did farmers oppose tariffs?
lost oversea sales
taxes on their own products
industry rich at expensive of rural America
It demanded an increase in the power of common voters through
Direct popular election of US senators The use of initiatives and referendums
They advocated
Unlimited coinage of silver to increase the money supply A graduated income tax Public ownership of railroads by the US government Telegraph and telephone systems owned and operated by the government Loans and federal warehouses for farmers to enable them to stabilize prices for their crops An eight-hour workday for industrial workers
(a)
Who did the Democrats nominate in 1896?
William Jennings Bryan
William McKinley
Grover Cleveland
Benjamin Harrison
- The US should get rid of the gold standard in order to encourage industry.
- Silver-based money, which would mean more money.
(a)
- Attacked Wall Street bankers and big businesses
- Supported the direct election of US senators, lower tariff rates, a graduated income tax, and a new banking system regulated by the federal government
- Demanded that Treasury notes and silver be used to increase the amount of money in circulation
- Proposed federal storage for farmers’ crops and federal loans, freezing farmers from dependency on middlemen and creditors.
Ocala Platform
Omaha Platform
It demanded an increase in the power of common voters through
- Direct popular election of US senators
- The use of initiatives and referendums
They advocated
- Unlimited coinage of silver to increase the money supply
- A graduated income tax Public ownership of railroads by the US government
- Telegraph and telephone systems owned and operated by the government
- Loans and federal warehouses for farmers to enable them to stabilize prices for their crops
- An eight-hour workday for industrial workers
Ocala Platform
Omaha Platform
