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WorksheetsNEHA 5th Edition Questions
Total questions: 215
Worksheet time: 2hrs 48mins
What is the MOST common cause of bacteria meningitis in children under five years of age?
Neisseria meningitides
Group B Streptococci
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Haemophilus influenzae
How is "giardiasis" USUALLY transmitted to others?
Person-to-person transfer of cysts from the feces of the infected individual
Drinking unfiltered water from streams and lakes
Drinking unboiled water from streams and lakes
Drinking inadequately chlorinated water from a municipal water distribution system
Which of the following duties of state and local health agencies is focused to protect the public's health and welfare?
Community-intensive planning
Statutory administrative action
Regulatory responsibilities
Plan implementation
Which of the following is a measure of the amount of light scattered by particles suspended in a water test sample?
Formazin Turbidity Units (FTU)
Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU)
Hydrosyntalic Turbidity Units (HTU)
Lorcetic Turbidity Units (LTU)
What is an epidemic?
The constant presence of a disease within a community or region
The presence of an infectious agent on a body surface
The presence of infection in a host without clear, recognizable clinical symptoms
The occurrence in a community or region of cases of an illness clearly in excess of expectancy
What portal of entry should a field sanitarian protect to avoid contracting Lyme disease?
Skin
Respiratory tract
Reproductive organs
Digestive tract
Swimmer's itch is a common name for which of the following diseases?
Leptospirosis
Subdural dermatitis
Schistosomiasis
Trichiniasis
Which of the following factors would LEAST contribute to the emergence of a new infectious disease?
Human behavior
Heat disinfection
Antibiotic use
Disinfectant use
Listeriosis is commonly associated with
contaminated water
contaminated food
infected mice
infected birds
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome is caused by infection with
dracunculus medinensis
staphylococcus aureus
escherichia coli O157;H7
salmonella typhimurium
The basic principles of disease control include all of the following EXCEPT
lag phase
control of disease source
mode of transmission
understanding susceptibility
Which one of the following phrases MOST accurately describes the term endemic?
Sporadic occurrence of an illness
Illnesses that exceed expected levels
All illnesses present at any one time
Constant presence of an illness
The interval between exposure to an infectious agent and the appearance of the first symptom is called the
transmission period
susceptible period
reactive period
incubation period
An environmental health specialist receives a cash payment from a restaurant operator in order to receive a passing restaurant inspection score. This event is known as
Malfeasance
Misfeasance
Nonfeasance
Exclusionary Rule
An environmental health manager trains environmental health specialists on the operation of environmental probe thermometers. in the interest of time, the manager omits a training section on safe sheathing of the thermometer, and subsequently an environmental health specialist punctures their finger and injures themselves. This is an example of
Malfeasance
Misfeasance
Nonfeasance
Exclusionary Rule
An environmental health specialist informs vector control staff to perform "landing counts" on their skin in a known mosquito breeding ground which is confirmed to be positive with West Nile virus. This is an example of
Malfeasance
Misfeasance
Nonfeasance
Exclusionary Rule
Vehicleborne, vectorborne, or airborne are all examples of
indirect mode of transmission
direct mode of transmission
hosts
life cycle sequences
An employer is held liable for the torts of its employees committed within the scope of their employment. This is referred to as
respondeat superior
parens patriae
substituted judgement
corporate priviledge
Performance of an authorized act in an unauthorized manner is called
Malfeasance
Misfeasance
Nonfeasance
disfeasance
An action authorized by law to restrict or prevent the movement of goods for the protection of public health, safety, and welfare is called an order of
injunction
withholding
embargo
seizure
What is the federal agency that regulates food additives?
Centers for disease control and prevention
Consumers product safety commission
Department of Agriculture
Food and Drug Administration
When a legal action is being prepared, one of the first steps a sanitarian should take is to
obtain a warrant
obtain a court order
keep accurate records
check with other agencies
How is the term "contamination" defined when used in connection with a communicable disease?
Infection of an individual or animal with pathogenic organisms
presence of pathogenic agents on a surface, article, or substance
Transfer of a vector, regardless of time or the nature of the host
Contact between two or more sources of infection
What is the MOST common contributing factor to foodborne illness?
Insect and rodent infestations
Dirty equipment
Incorrect labeling of containers
Improper holding temperatures
Why are some foods classified as time/temperature control for safety?
They have a pH below 4.2
They have a water activity below .085
They support rapid growth of pathogenic microorganisms
They require rapid and thorough cooking
Which food does not require refrigeration at 41 degrees
Open container of garlic in oil
Tofu
Sliced/cut cantaloupe
UHT creamers
What is the BEST means of inhibiting growth of microorganisms in fresh meat?
Topical use of approved hypochlorite solutions
Exposure to ultraviolet light for 30 minutes
Chemical preservatives
Adequate refrigeration and cleanliness
What is the MAXIMUM accumulated time that time/temperature control for safety food can safely be exposed to the temperature danger zone?
2 hours
4 hours
6 hours
8 hours
If time only used as a health control, the MAXIMUM period recommended by the FDA for time/temperature control for safety food to be held is
2 hours
4 hours if the warmest part of the food item does not exceed 120 degrees
6 hours if the warmest part of the food item does not exceed 70 degrees
this public health control is never permitted
What is the MINIMUM period that the FDA recommends employees wash their hands and arms up to the elbow?
10 seconds
20 seconds
30 seconds
40 seconds
Unpasteurized eggs NOT intended for immediate service should be cooked to
165 degrees for 15 seconds
155 degrees for 15 seconds
145 degrees for 15 seconds
140 degrees for 1 minute
What is the usual mode of infection from Salmonella?
Ingestion of contaminated food
Ingestion of contaminated water
Contact with an active case
Contact with fomites
What is the source of scombroid poisoning?
Histamines in the muscle of fish
Sprouted green potatoes
Undercooked pork
Rice contaminated with rodent feces
All of the following are signs of spoiled fish EXCEPT
strong odor
elastic flesh
gray gills
sunken eyes
Which of the following shellfish is MOST likely to cause illness?
Oysters
crabs
Shrimp
scallops
The laboratory reports a positive coliform test that exceeds permissible limits on a bottle of pasteurized milk. What does that indicate?
Improper bactericidal treatment of the equipment
Improper virucidal treatment of the equipment
A contaminated water supply
A contaminated food supply
What is the MOST effective practice for preventing trichinosis
Be certain that ground meat is freshly ground at the time of purchase
Be sure that fresh pork is thoroughly cooked
Avoid the consumption of ground meat products
Cook steak until well done
An HACCP plan is NOT required when
Smoking foods as a method of preservation
cooling and reheating TCS foods in bulk
performing reduced oxygen packaging
Using food additives or adding other components to preserve food or render it non-TCS
What should NOT be done with food samples collected during a foodborne illness investigation?
Refrigerate
Freeze
Seal
Label
What is the PRIMARY requirement in designing a food service facility?
Durability
Cleanability
Appearance
Convenience
What is the MOST important rule of food storage?
Follow the "first in, first out" rule
Store products in order of "pull by" date
Repackage dry foods into metal containers
store canned goods under refrigeration
Insecticides/pesticides may be stored in all ways EXCEPT
in a metal locked cabinet
on the lowest shelf in the storage room
above the dishwashing sink
in the basement separate from food and other chemicals
What type of well is considered LEAST likely to become contaminated?
Drilled
Bored
Driven
Dug
Diatomaceous earth filters
should be supplemented by a chlorination system
should be integrated into a rapid sand filtration system
can be used for a public water treatment system
can be used in a public water sewer treatment system
Microbial pollution travels only a short distance through
sandstone
smooth clay
fissured rock
limestone
What type of filter is recommended for use in small communities and rural places?
Diatomaceous earth
granular
cartridge
Slow sand
All of the following are used to disinfect water EXCEPT
chlorine
bromine
fluorine
iodine
Backsiphonage may be prevented by all of the following methods EXCEPT
hydrostatic loops
vacuum breakers
air gap separation
backpressure units
Which of the following is LEAST effective method for cadmium removal from drinking water?
Activated carbon
Iron coagulation
Lime softening
Ion exchange
Before a drinking water sample is taken, the sampling tap should be clean, free of leaks, and flushed for how long?
1 to 1-1/2 minutes
2 to 3 minutes
4 to 5 minutes
6 to 7 minutes
What contaminant has been associated with learning and cognitive disorders in children who drink contaminated water
Maganese
Copper
Lead
Parathion
The wastewater from the flushing of a water closet, latrine, or privy is referred to as
Gray water
Black water
green water
brown water
If a septic tank is pumped during a wet period, the
water may flow back into the tank
field may flood the tank
tank may float out of the ground
tank may be crushed by the wet earth
Nutrients associated with eutrophication included all of the following EXCEPT
organic carbon
potassium
nitrogen
phosphates
Which of the following is LEAST important when reducing sewage to gases?
anaerobic bacteria
earth worms
protozoa
aerobic bacteria
A septic tank maintenance worker has checked an empty tank for the presence of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The test was negative, and there are no odors indicating the presence of other hazardous gases. Is the tank safe to enter without a respirator and supplied air?
Yes, because hydrogen sulfide and odors were not detected
No, because oxygen content and methane were not tested
Yes, because the absence of odors and H2S indicates acceptable confined space entry conditions
No, because lack of H2S is a sign of a hazardous confined space atmosphere
All of the following are true about ozone as a disinfectant EXCEPT
Nontoxic to aquatic organisms
source of dissolved oxygen
Excellent viricide
Long-lasting residual
Aerobic bacteria require all of the following nutrients EXCEPT
carbon
magnesium
phosphorus
nitrogen
What does a mottled brown and red soil indicate?
Unsuitability for absorption due to chemical composition
Suitability for absorption due to granular structure
Inadequate aeration methods
Adequate agglomeration
Alternative small wastewater treatment systems are considered UNLESS
Impervious formations are found at a depth of 10 feet
Space is limited and surface water supplies are inadequate
highly porous formations exist
high groundwater exists
Lime coagulation, mixed media filtration, and activated carbon filtration will greatly reduce
Heavy metals
biological contaminants
EPA priority pollutants
EPA listed hazardous wastes
It is known that some common pathogenic organisms found in wastewater will survive more than __ of harsh temperature extremes
2 months
5 months
2 years
5 years
A storm sewer is used to
remove rain and other standing surface water
remove sewage and storm water
remove household water waste and gutter drain water
remove non-toxic, non-hazardous wastewater
Stream pollution is sometimes apparent by
increased levels of available oxygen in water
a zone of degradation
large numbers of crayfish and cristivomer species
large number of small fish
A young lake is considered to be
Eutrophic
Mesotrophic
Oligotrophic
Ohytotrophic
If the septic tank will also have a garbage disposal unit feeding into it, the
size of the tank should be increased by 50%
tank should have an agitator
tank should not be equipped with a gas baffle
tank should not be constructed with precast concrete
Sludge accumulation in tank serving a normal home has been estimated at
40 to 50 liters per person per year
69 to 80 gals. per person per year
18 to 21 gals. per person per year
2.2 gals. per person per year
How often should a septic tank for a private home be services?
Every year
Every 5 to 10 years
Every 3 to 5 years
Every 10 years
Human disease from aerosols of wastewater
Are related primarily to wastewater treatment by the activated sludge, trickling filter, and spray irrigation processes
Has been demonstrated from pathogens recovered in aerosols from the spray irrigation of treated wastewater
may be caused by very small numbers of organisms
is a hazard even to those who have had subclinical infections, and thus should be immunized
Plants absorb certain constituents of wastewater; using wastewater for irrigation of consumable plant products may present a health hazard to humans if the water contains
Nitrates
Iron
Cadmium
Chlorides
After the servicing of a septic tank, it is essential that the tank and lid be
cleaned with a bleach and chlorine product
scrubbed to removed hardened sludge
recolonized with a commercial biological product containing yeast
replaced and secured for safety purposes
According to the resource conservation and recovery act (RCRA) how must hazardous household waste be disposed?
Household hazardous waste is exempt from RCRA requirements
it must be disposed as hazardous waste by a professional hazardous waste company
it must be incinerated
it may be disposed in a storm drain or sanitary sewer
The grinding of garbage is an acceptable method of
Garbage disposal
volume reduction
wet oxidation
energy recovery
A solid waste manager is trying to reduce lead in the solid waste stream. What should be targeted in the municipal waste stream as a MAJOR contributor of lead to the environment?
Fluorescent light tubes
Lead acid batteries
Household batteries
Rechargeable Batteries
All of the following are considered advantages of using the "shredded solid waste" landfill method EXCEPT
it does not cause odors
it may require daily earth cover
it will readily absorb precipitation
it reduces insect breeding
the BEST sanitary landfill method for a location with rolling terrain is the
low-area method
valley or ravine area method
trench method
area or ramp method
Why is it important for a business that generates hazardous waste to deal only with licensed disposal companies that have a good compliance history?
Large companies with good compliance histories generally have deep pockets
Once the hazardous waste disposal company picks up the waste, it becomes the responsible party
The business is held accountable for where and how the hazardous waste generated is disposed of
It is important only if the business generates 220 pounds or more per month of hazardous waste
Which of the following is NOT a type of hazardous waste incinerator?
Pressurized
Fluidized
Fixed hearth
Rotary kiln
Which federal law regulates underground storage tanks for hazardous waste
Clean water act
Federal Water Pollution Control Act
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
Solid Waste Disposal Act
A measure of the probability and severity of adverse effects under specific conditions BEST describe
risk
hazard
exposure
toxicity
Which of the following sampling devices is BEST for collecting undisturbed soil samples?
Auger
Shelby tube
Split Spoon
Veihmeyer Rod
What is the term for a statistical estimate of an oral dose of chemical that produces a lethal effect on half of an animal population?
LC50
LD50
EC50
ED50
The dose-response relationship of a toxic substance depends on all of the following EXCEPT the
Amount and concentration of the substance
pH of the substance
duration of exposure to the substance
Toxicity of the substance
Which respiratory device provides the BEST protection?
Positive pressure respirator with a full-face piece
Negative pressure respirator with a full-face piece
Full-face canister respirator
Half-face respirator
The Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know-Act (SARA Title III) requires the disclosure of all of the following EXCEPT type and quantities of
chemicals produced on site
chemicals accidentally discharged into the atmosphere
chemicals routinely discharged into the atmosphere
all chemicals routinely discharged into the atmosphere
For the first responders at an incident, which of the following is listed correctly according to order of importance?
Responder safety, environmental safety, public safety, property protection
Public safety, property protection, responder safety, environmental safety
Responder safety, public safety, environmental safety, property safety
property protection, public safety, responder safety, environmental safety
The agents of Lyme disease is transmitted by
dog ticks
fleas
deer or 'black-legged' ticks
mosquitos
Select the BEST public health strategy to abate a current outbreak of rickettsialpox (transmitted by rat-associated mites)?
Deploy rodenticides and traps to kill rats, then apply acaricides
Improve sanitation to deny rats food
Conduct active surveillance to find infected people and ensure they are treated to prevent ongoing transmission
Apply acaricides prior to suppressing rat abundance
When is it most reasonable to treat a dwelling for a bed bug problem?
Only after a living bed bug has been positively confirmed on the premises
After an occupant reports suffering from bites or irritation
Anytime as a preventative strategy
After discovering one or more small furry caterpillar-like creatures on the bed linens or mattress
Poison Ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac are most usually BEST managed by
Pulling out the plants with bare hands
burning the plants
treating them with herbicides
using a chainsaw or string trimmer
To reduce transmission risk of West nile virius which strategy is NOT appropriate?
Ensuring window screens are in place and in good condition
Empty water from buckets and other open containers
Treating catch basins with EPA-registered mosquito larvicides
Applying motor oil to catch basins and ponds
Persons suffering allergic symptoms in the home during all seasons of the year might most likely be reacting to allergens from
plaster
pollen
food
cockroaches
Which of the following is MOST effective for controlling ragweed?
Fenthion
Dieldrin
2,4-D
Petroleum Oil
The interval between exposure to an infectious agent and the appearance of the first symbol is called
lag time
susceptible period
incubation period
primary period
Which of the following statements is most correct? Headlice...
is spread mainly by shared fomites (combs, brushes, hats)
are acquired mainly by direct and prolonged head-to-head contact
on a child is a reasonable sign of parental neglect
should cause an infested child to be quarantined or isolated
A disease that might result from inhaling dust from bird droppings is
dengue fever
psittacosis
tularemia
murine typhus
Rodent populations in a food production or service facility are BEST kept low by
Maintaining cats inside
improving sanitation and securing food
deploying rodent traps at 10-foot intervals along interior walls
placing piles of rodenticides in the corners of rooms and beneath shelves where rodents hide
The killing of an infectious agent outside the body by chemical or physical means is termed
detoxification
deodorization
destabilization
disinfection
When pesticides be considered in an integrated pest management program?
As a first choice
As the last option
Never
Anytime they might be appropriate to reaching the goals of the program
What is the BEST option when a bat is found in a room with a sleeping infant?
Capture the bat alive and consider having it tested for rabies virus
kill the bat and dispose of the carcass
open the window and chase it outside
advise the caregivers to have the child treated according to post exposure rabies vaccine protocol
The term rad means
required administered dose
radiation admitted dose
roentgen absorbed dose
radiation absorbed dose
Which of the following have little penetrating power and are normally a hazard to healthy only in the form of internal radiation received through ingestion, inhalation, or open wounds
X-rays
Alpha particles
Beta particles
Gamma rays
Beta radiation is MOST commonly blocked by which of the following materials?
Lead
Concrete
Magnesium alloy
Glass or plastic
Microwaves are reflected by
metals
plastic
glass
polymers
The energy of ionizing radiation is measured in
ergs of energy per gram
one electrostatic unit
electron volts (eV)
one-person sievert (SV)
The term "frequency" cannot be described as
waves
particles
vibrations
oscillations
The shorter the wavelength, the
higher the frequency and lower energy
lower the frequency and energy
lower the frequency and higher the energy
higher the frequency and energy
The roentgen is a measure of the ionization in air produced by exposure to
x-rays or gamma rays
alpha particles
beta particles
all of the above
The principles of shielding are represented by which three methods?
Sensitivity, selectivity, dose
Distance, atomic number, mass
Time, distance, and shielding
Alpha, beta, and gamma
The term "rem" is short for
None of the above
roentgen energy measure
roentgen equivalent man
radiation energy measure
Which term is used to show exposure of large populations to low-level radiation?
Person-rem
Gamma-rem
Radiation-rem
Quantum-rem
The rate at which atoms of radioactive sources (radionuclides) disintegrate are measured in
curies
rems
rods
roentgens
Isotopes of the same element have
the same atomic number, but different mass numbers
the same mass number, but different atomic numbers
different atomic and mass numbers
the same atomic and mass numbers
The half-value layer represents
the time needed for radiation exposure to decrease by 50%
the best type of shielding
that 50% of radiation is reflected by metal
the thickness of a particular shield that decreases exposure by 50%
What is the danger and/or hazard posed by an etiological agent?
Corrosive reaction
Asphyxiation
Human Disease
Allergic reaction
No person should be permitted to work in a trench or pit in sandy clay soil that has unsupported sides or banks higher than
2 feet
3 feet
4 feet
5 feet
An employer moves employees who have reached the upper permissible level of exposure to a hazardous environment, to prevent further exposure. What type of hazard control is this?
Professional control
Personal control
Administrative control
Engineering control
A negative pressure fit test for a protective mask
Is done by placing both palms against the intake filter
is done by placing both palms over the exhalation points
should be conducted at a minimum of once a week
should be repeated until an open air leak is detected
Quantitative risk assessments USUALLY measure human exposure through all of the following EXCEPT
computer models
blood and urine analyses
personal surveys
toxicological analysis
The MOST likely cause of photochemical smog is due to
large industries
chemical processing plants
hazardous waste incinerators
heavy motor vehicle traffic
The industries LEAST likely to be a source of sulfur dioxide pollution are
metal smelters
coal and oil burning power plants
refineries
hazardous waste incinerators
Scrubbers are wet collectors generally used to remove particles that form as a
dust, aerosol, or fog
mist, solid, or vapor
fog, mist, or dust
fume, dust, or mist
Particle size selective inlets are used to separate particulates above and below 2 to 3 microns in size on
high-volume samplers
outfall vacuums
baghouse air filters
atmospheric respirator sieves
The MOST common type of noise measurement device used for initial inspections is the
octave-band analyzer
noise dosimeter
sound level meter
sound analyzer
When two pollutants are combined, the effects are greater than the sum of the individual effects. This is called
commensalisms
synergism
magnification
multiplication
Air is vital to existence. In fact, in a day's time humans breathe an average of
35 pounds of air
3 to 4 pounds of air
37 pounds of air
1,600 ft3 of air
Which component of clean, dry air has the smallest volume?
Carbon monoxide
Nitrogen dioxide
Ammonia
Sulfur dioxide
Ozone reduces the useful life of all of the following EXCEPT
Rubber
Textiles
Dyes
Nylon
Major effects on humans are caused by Los Angeles and London-Type smog, along with what two pollutants?
Sulfur dioxide and hydrogen fluoride
Sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide
Hydrogen sulfide and peroxacyl nitrates
Ozone and nitrogen dioxide
Photochemical smog has been reported in congested areas with
large industries
chemical processing plants
industries processing hazardous wastes
high motor vehicle traffic
What type of air pollution causes bleaching of leaves in plants?
PAN
Sulfur dioxide
Industries processing hazardous wastes
High motor vehicle traffic
Which of the following are not major sources of sulfur dioxide pollution?
metal smelters
Coal and Oil burning power plants
Refineries
Electrical substations
Which of the following is not a moldorous gas?
Sulfur dioxide
Hydrogen sulfide
Carbon monoxide
Phenol
What size particles can reach the lower parts of the lungs
15 microns
50 microns
3 microns
Any size particle
The three tiny bones contained in the middle ear are?
Incus, malleus, and stapes
Ulna, radius, stapes
Femur, phalanges, metatarsal
Incus, radius, xyloid
is defined as noise induced hearing loss attributed to environmental noise?
Presbycusis
Tinnitus
Cochlea
Socioacusis
Choose the physiological effect of excessive exposure to chronic noise or exposure to very loud impact noise?
Sleep disturbance
Hearing loss
Loss of concertation
Loneliness
Vent gases from a coal-burning furnace combined with high moisture inside a chimney will form
a glass-like glaze
hydrochloric acid
sodium chloride
sulfuric acid
What is the PRIMARY cause of death resulting from automobile exhaust accumulation in garages?
Methane
Ethylene dioxide
Carbon monoxide
Tetraethyl lead
The end of waste pipe should terminate below the rim of a sink directly connected to the drainage system by at LEAST
2 inches
4 inches
5 inches
6 inches
The most common type of injury in a home is
a fall
asphyxiation
tripping
an animal bite
A "S" trap is not considered legal in most state plumbing codes due to which of the following factors?
they clog easily
they are not vented
they are unsightly
they do not drain
Which of the following products is not a traditional formaldehyde air pollution
cosmetics
burning vegetation
particle board
computer emissions
Long term effects of lead poisoning include
learning disabilities
severe acne
loss of large motor skills
adult diabetes
A stud is an element of building construction that is intended as a
vertical support
horizontal support
roof only support
support for sheet rock
A joist is used
to provide bracing for a wall
as a horizontal support
as a roof only support
as a support for sheet rock
A footing drain is required to
control moisture
eliminate radon
keep a foundation from slipping
keep the feet dry while pouring concrete
The chimney of the house should be a minimum of __ above the highest structure of the home
5 feet
3 feet
18 inches
level with the eve of the house
What is the horizontal element of a stairway called?
Riser
Tread
Step
Footer
What is the vertical element of a stairway called
Riser
Tread
Step
Footer
When footings fail this often results in
leaky roofs
warped studs
twisted joist
cracked and/or displaced foundations
A 6-mil vapor retarder should be installed below any slab-on-grade foundation or crawlspace of the home to
control moisture in the crawlspace
keep natural gas out of the crawlspace
keep underground springs from washing away footers
keep insects from eating the wood structure
The footing drain is intended to drain water away from the base of the home to
prevent damage to the footing and foundation
keep the concrete from dissolving
control termites
control mold on the footer
The termite shield is placed between the
foundation and the sill
footer and the foundation
joist and the header
stud and the header
The maximum size of a stair riser should be
8" 1/4
12"
6"
10" 1/4
What is the ASHRAE-recommended minimal thermal standard for dwellings at 40% humidity and an air circulation rate of 45 fpm
57 degree
60 degree
68 degree
76 degree
The distance between the end of the water supply pipe and the sink should be how many times the diameter of the supply pipe?
1-1/2
2
3
4
Excessive condensation, corrosion, and mildew occur when the relative humidity exceeds
20%
40%
60%
80%
Nosocomial infections are a recurring problem in
food establishments
health care facilities
swimming pools
health spas
MINIMUM wash water temperature in a hospital laundry is
146 degrees to 150 degrees
160 degrees to 167 degrees
170 degrees to 178 degrees
185 degrees to 196 degrees
A biohazard is
any material that negatively impacts a biological organism
a material of biological composition, especially if infective, that constitutes a threat to the people or their environment
a chemical that constitutes a threat to people or their environment
any virus that causes fatal disease
Bloodborne pathogens are regulated by
OSHA
FDA
CPSC
HHS
Hantavirus is a virus mainly carried by
deer
sheep
mice
gophers
Hantavirus causes a disease that destroys what primary organs in humans?
Lungs
Kidneys
Liver
Brain
The incidence of tuberculosis in English laboratory workers working with M. tuberculosis was reported to be how many times higher than for the general population?
2 times
3 times
5 times
10 times
The term "universal precautious" refers to
specific respiratory protection used in hospitals
an infection control program regulating the handling of blood and certain body fluids
personal and environmental protection procedures used when handling hazardous chemical wastes
precautious to be used when collecting samples for potential litigation
The biosafety containment level suitable for work involving agents of moderate potential hazard to personnel and the environment is
Biosafety level 1
Biosafety level 2
Biosafety level 3
Biosafety level 4
Biological safety equipment includes
biosafety cabinets
needles and syringes
hazardous chemicals
technical manuals
The three biosafety containment levels consist of a combination of
laboratory practices, safety equipment, and laboratory design
laboratory techniques, research protocols, and safety equipment
research protocols, safety training, and laboratory design
laboratory practices, safety training, and research protocols
The protection of personnel and the immediate laboratory environment from exposure to infectious agents by good microbiological technique and safety equipment is called
primary containment
secondary containment
tertiary containment
pentiary containment
The release of genetically engineered materials into the environment is regulated by
USDA and EPA
NIH and CDC
EPA and AEC
FDA and PHS
Studies indicate that swimmers have a higher overall illness rate over non-swimmers
regardless of bathing water quality
due to poor regulatory practices
if they are over 50 years of age
if they swim in pools
The treatment system of a pool is typically recommended to be installed in which of the following flow arrangements?
Skimmer or gutter line, main drain line, adjustment valves, disinfectant feeder, hair strainer, pump, filter, pH feeder pump, adjustable inlets
Skimmer or gutter line, main drain line, adjustment valves, hair strainer, pump, filter, pH feeder pump, adjustable inlets
Skimmer or gutter line, main drain line, adjustment valves, pH feeder pump, hair strainer, pump filter, disinfectant feeder, adjustable inlets
Skimmer or gutter line, main drain line, adjustment valves, hair strainer, filter aid pump, filters, disinfectant feeder, pH feeder, adjustable inlets
Swimming pool water clarity is measured in terms of NTU or Nephelometer Turbidity Units. It is recommended that a level of 0.5 NTU
shall be maintained
shall not be exceeded
is the minimum level
is the maximum level
A swimming pool filtration system should filter the entire volume of water at a minimum of every
2 hours
6 hours
10 hours
13 hours
The rate of filtration for a vacuum diatomite filter should be
1 to 2 gpm/ft2
3 to 4 gpm/ft2
5 to 6 gpm/ft2
7 to 8 gpm/ft2
Chemicals that have been used for pool disinfection include chlorine, chloro-iso-cyanurates, bromine, and
ammonia
soda ash
sodium thiosulfate
none of the above
Due to the large quantity of floating organisms and materials, the gutters or skimmers should received what MINIMUM percent of the total pool water?
95%
45%
60%
30%
The recommended and MOST effective method of maintaining pool water quality is
superchlorination
intermittent circulation, chlorination, and filtration
continuous recirculation, chlorination, and filtration
chlorination/dichlorination
One advantage of using cyanuric acid additive is that it
allows easier measurement of chlorine
prevents pH deterioration
stabilizes residual chlorine
requires less soda ash as an additive to the pool
The acidity-alkalinity balance affects eye irritation, water coagulation, and the
effectiveness of chlorine
ambient water temperature
effectiveness of the skimmers
evaporation rate
The addition of sodium bicarbonate will
raise the ambient water temperature
lower the ambient water temperature
raise the pH
lower the pH
To raise the pH, add
chlorine
muriatic acid
soda ash (sodium carbonate)
sulfuric acid
To mix acid and water, always
add water to acid
add acid to water
add soda ash to acid
stir while pouring water into the acid
When chlorine is added to water
one acid is formed
two primary acids are formed
HC1 is considered the primary product
ozone is produced in large quantities
The best control of swimmer's itch at a bathing beach is to
add copper sulfate
increase the chlorine residual
lower the chlorine residual
lower water level and allow plants to dry out
The preferred method for controlling sewage from watercraft is the use of
onboard holding tanks
shipboard discharge
incinerator toilet
compost toilet
Gas chlorine provides
50% available chlorine
75% available chlorine
92% available chlorine
100% available chlorine
The microbe primarily responsible for skin infections in whirlpools is
escherichia coli
pseudomonas aeruginosa
shigella sonnet
salmonella typhimurium
Water in children's wading pools should be completely recirculated every (minimum standard)
60 minutes
90 minutes
120 minutes
180 minutes
The ideal pH range for swimming pools is
6.0 to 8.5
6.5 to 8.5
7.4 to 7.6
5.0 to 7.0
The generally prohibited swimming facility from a public health perspective is a
home outdoor pool
fill and draw pool
natural flow-through pool
recirculating pool
It is essential that all public pools
require footbaths
require pre-showering of patrons
run the recirculation and disinfection equipment 24 hours per day
shovel in the least 4 pounds of calcium hypochlorite per 10,000 gallons per 4-hour period
To calculate Turn Over Rate
Pool volume ÷ flow rate /60
Pool volume x Flow rate ÷ 60
Pool volume ÷ flow rate x 60
Pool volume ÷ turn over rate /60
The main drain should have a grate that is how much larger than the area of the discharge pipe to prevent dangerous suction effects? (absolute minimum)
4 times
5 times
6 times
7 times
The speed and effectiveness with which emergency action can be taken is dependent PRIMARILY on the
size of the emergency
probable number of vitcims
amount of prior planning
level of the agency responding
Evacuation and survival of individuals in an emergency or natural disaster is most often dependent on
the extent which individuals can help themselves
how soon relief can be mustered
how soon a favorable environment can be restored
quality prior planning has taken place
The government organization that usually deals with major disasters is the
Environmental Protection Agency
Federal Emergency Management Agency
Red Cross
Disaster Response Agency
One of the FIRST actions an individual should take upon hearing an order for the evacuation of homes and businesses is turn off the
main electric power switch
outside gas valve
property water supply valve
public utility services to the building
When temporary shelter is necessary in an emergency, the FIRST consideration in shelter selection should be
protection of the survivors from health and safety risks
availability of heat, light, and space
the emotional state of the survivors
availability of chlorination tablets
The minimum amount of water per day that should be provided for natural disaster victims is
1 to 2 gallons per person
3 to 5 gallons per person
6 to 9 gallons per person
10 gallons or more per person
After flooding and other natural disasters, vaccination may be needed for
typhoid
measles
AIDS
vaccinations not required
The quantity of liquid bleach (household) used to treat 1,000 gallons of bacterially contaminated water for drinking is
2 quarts
2 pints
1 pint
0.5 pint
A satisfactory method for disinfecting water that is not chemically or grossly polluted with bacteria is
chlorination
fluorination
oxygenation
CO2 treatment
In emergency situations, when the water is turbid or colored but not chemically contaminated, the chlorine dosage should be
tripled
discontinued
decreased
doubled
Approved emergency response plans at nuclear electric power plant sites must be tested AT LEAST every
two years
three years
four years
five years
Key components of HAZWOPER program EXCLUDE
safety and health programs
personal protection
training
sanitary requirements
HAZWOPER requirements apply to
voluntary cleanup at uncontrolled hazardous waste sites
routine sanitary sewer operations
small quantity generators of hazardous waste
water treatment plant operators
The difference between a disaster and terrorism is best described as
intent
criminal activity
nature of disaster
number impacted
Xeriscape landscaping means
Using rocks as a basis for yard landscapes
Eliminating the use of trees in yards for landscaping
Selecting plants that can thrive on natural precipitation
Using sand as the basis for all landscaping needs
Swimmer's itch is also known as
gastroentertis
trichinosis
schistosomiasis
leptospirosis
Which organism would probably survive in a hot tub?
E. coli
vibrio cholera
Entamoeba histolytica
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
A seechi disk is used to determine
pH
clarify in recreational waters
coliform contamination
heavy metals
What compound is the principal scale former?
calcium carbonate
potassium carbonate
magnesium sulfate
sodium carbonate
The preferred treatment for algae control is
copper sulfate
superchlorination
quaternary ammonium
drain and scrub pool
