An abstraction inside the program that can hold a value. Each variable has associated data storage that represents one value at a time.

Allows a program to change the value represented by a variable.

Storing or updating a value in a named variable

Add one to a number

A line of executable code

 Execution of an algorithm or program, step by step, from top to bottom, where one line of code finishes before the one below it begins. One of the 3 fundamental algorithms or programming structures.

 Are used to script math equations and string handling

The fundamental program structure that repeats an algorithm for a purpose - either a set number of times or until a condition is met. One of the 3 fundamental algorithim or programming structures. 

A high level textual algorithm written in informative text that mimics a programming language but cannot be executed by a computer.  

 To identify and remove errors from a computer program  or code

A programming language that is easier to use, may incorporate natural language and hide or automate some processes.  High-level of abstraction.

 Language that is spoken and understood by humans but cannot be processed by the computer. (i.e. English)

 Is a collection of binary digits or bits that the computer reads and interprets. Machine language is the only language a computer is capable of understanding, directly.

A software program that translates a programming language to machine language so a computer can understand

 Reusable collection of statements, also referred to as methods, functions, or methods. They can be  created by the programmer or defined within a library.

Or formal arguments, are values that are passed into a procedure as input. They allow for the same procedure to be called but to produce different outcomes for different inputs.

A loop inside of another loop

A  mistake in the algorithm, not the language syntax, that causes it to behave incorrectly

An international encoding standard for use with different languages and scripts, by which each letter, digit, or symbol is assigned a unique numeric value that applies across different platforms and programs.

 The operation of integer division produces two results. The quotient and the remainder. For these cases there is an operator called the modulo operator (abbreviated as mod). Students will be most familiar with this as “clock arithmetic” where in military time of 14:00 evaluates to 2:00 PM on the clock. 

 Programming languages and libraries provide procedures to generate  pseudo-random numbers. RANDOM (1,10) will produce any integer between 1 and 10 (inclusive)..which means that 1 and 10 are possible answers. 

 Operator precedence in an expression. For mathematical operators  the precedence is the same as mathematics Parentheses, exponents, and roots. Multiplication and Division.Addition and subtraction. - from left to right Note: as we learn about relational and logical operators they will have a corresponding precedence.

AND, OR: operators that can be used to combine logical expressions; NOT: operator used to indicate the opposite of a logical expression 

 A function that returns True or False

(>, <, =, >=, <=. !=) used to compare the relation between two operands.  In “4 < 5”, the relational operator is < and the value of the expression is true.

 An algorithm can select between two alternative paths based on some condition. 

A reusable collection of statements that decrease the lines of code in a program, increase the readability of the program and decrease the chance of errors or bugs inside a program. Procedures don't make it easier for computers to run a program, but they do make it much easier for humans to make complicated programs.

 A statement or expression that is evaluated to determine an outcome repeat until, if, while, forever if

A reusable collection of statements that decrease the lines of code in a program, increase the readability of the program and decrease the chance of errors or bugs inside a program. Procedures don't make it easier for computers to run a program, but they do make it much easier for humans to make complicated programs.

 A simple diagram with symbols showing the "flow" of a process.  Used as a design tool.

Simplified representations of more complex objects of phenomena that are developed to explain the subject, allow further study of the subject, allow for the testing of different conditions on the subject, or to formulate and research hypotheses about the subject. They use algorithms and abstraction.

A collection of program statements that are part of program