legal member of a country or city-state

“high city” in Greek; the upper part of an ancient Greek city, where public buildings and the city’s defenses were located

art and practice of government

hereditary class of rulers, Greek for “rule by the best people”

government in which a small group of people rule

Greek military formation of heavily armed foot soldiers who move together as a unit

unjust use of power, or in ancient Greece a government run by a strong ruler

form of government in which citizens hold political power

government in which citizens take part directly in the day-to-day affairs of government

democracy in which people elect representatives to make the nation’s laws

man responsible for the day-to-day operation of the government in Sparta

Messenian person forced to work as a lowly farmer by Sparta

society organized for the purpose of waging war

military housing

person who pays rent, either in money or crops, to grow crops on another person’s land

foreigner in a Greek city-state, often a merchant or artisan

ownership and control of other people as property

Greek victory over the Persian army that ended the First Persian War

Greek victory over the Persian navy during the Second Persian War

military alliance led by Athens

military alliance led by Sparta

worship of many gods or deities

collection of myths or stories that people tell about their gods and heroes

in ancient Greece, an athletic competition held every four years in honor of Zeus

poetic songs

in ancient Greek drama, a group of people who commented on the action of a play and advised the characters

form of teaching in which the teacher asks students question after question to force them to think more clearly

school of philosophy founded by Plato

logical guess

oath taken by medical students swearing to practice medicine in an ethical way

18-foot-long Macedonian pike

the form of Greek culture that emerged after Alexander’s conquest

This is a priestess of Apollo believed by the ancient Greeks to predict the future.

This is a city founded by Alexander the Great in Egypt.

What is citizenship?

What did you have to be in order to be called a Greek citizen?