What is it called when you copy short sentences or passages from an original text word-for-word and include it in your papper?

Which of the following require a citation?

Is the passage below an accurate paraphrase the original text?

Original Text:

Toward the end of the 1800s, the Industrial Revolution caused a change in many people's employment. When agricultural work in rural areas became harder to find, many left to seek industrial work in urban areas.

Paraphrase:

The Industrial Revolution in the late 1800s changed what jobs were available. People left farms in the country to work in factories in the cities.

Is this passage an accurate paraphrase of the original text?

Original Text:

During the Industrial Revolution, working-class families took for granted that their children would need to be employed to help support the family.

Paraphrase:

At the time of the Industrial Revolution, some children wanted to work in factories.

Read the passage below and choose the best paraphrase:

Thanks to the efforts of volunteers, people in Sauri, Kenya, have much better lives today than in years past. Their hospital now has a generator and running water, and it provides free medications for diseases that are widespread in the community. Cases of malaria have declined as people have been given mosquito nets for beds.

Which sentence  best restates the ideas in the passage?  "Although television was not widely used in American homes until the 1950s, small, experimental television images were broadcast in the 1920s."

Paraphrasing can help you avoid _____________ which is taking another person's ideas or words and presenting them as your own.

Citing a source (a citation) is

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