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WorksheetsChapter 7 RadBio
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 11mins
Somatic cells divide through the process of:
Meiosis
Mitosis
Malsma
Mitoes
The dose that would cause temporary sterility for up to 12 months
2 Gy
0.02 Gy
20 Gy
0.2 Gy
Human beings who receive whole-body doses in excess of 5 Gyt may die within 30 to 60 days because of effects related to an initial depletion of the stem cells of the_______________.
hematopoietic
digestive system
reproductive system
nervous system
Which of the following groups of cells is most radiosensitive?
White Blood Cells
Lymphocytes
Erythrocytes
Nutrophils
Exposure with x-ray or gamma-ray dose of 1000 Gray in a period of a few seconds:
Reproductive Death
Apoptosis Cell Death
Instant Death
Chromosome Break
The presence of free radicals in tissue does not affect the amount of biologic damage that results from radiation
True
False
The radiosensitivity of ova
remains constant throughout the lifetime of the germ cell
varies slightly throughout the lifetime of the germ cell
is insignificant because the germ cell is not radiosensitive
varies considerably throughout the lifetime of the germ cell
The term apoptosis is synonymous with
Programmed cell death
Mitotic delay
Interference with function
Instant Cell Death
What governs the radiation dose required to cause apoptosis?
the phase of the cell cycle the individual cell is undergoing
changes in the cell protein content
the radiosensitivity of the individual cell
the number of cells irradiated
When LET increases, the chance of producing a significant biologic response in the radiosensitive DNA macromolecule
increases
decreases
remains constant, not increasing or decreasing
When are human ovaries most radiosensitive?
from 20 to 30 years of age
during the fetal stages of life and during early childhood
after puberty and the onset of menstruation
When free radicals previously produced by the interaction of radiation with water molecules act on a molecule such as DNA, the damaging action of ionizing radiation is indirect in the sense that the radiation is not the immediate cause of injury to the macromolecule. What is the immediate cause of this damage?
Enzymes released from biologic macromolecules
Excitation of the atoms of the biologic macromolecules
The recombining of a positively charged water molecule with an electron
The free radicals produced by the interaction of radiation with water molecules
Which of the following curves illustrates the radiation sensitivity of a particular type of cell?
Cell specialization curve
Cell extrapolation curve
Dose–response curve
Cell survival curve
Which of the following describes the ratio of the radiation dose required to cause a particular biological response of cells or organisms in an oxygen-deprived environment to the radiation dose required to cause an identical response under normal oxygenated conditions?
OER
RBE
KVP
LET
Which of the following is useful for explaining cell death and nonfatal cell abnormalities caused by exposure to radiation?
covalent cross-linking
Bergonie-Tribondeau law
programmed cell death
Target theory
Which of the following statements is true concerning patients who receive radiation exposure from a routine radiographic procedure such as a chest x-ray?
Patients are expected to sustain some damage to either the blood or the blood-forming organs as a consequence of the examination
Patients are expected to sustain appreciable damage to either the blood or the blood-forming organs as a consequence of the examination
Patients are not expected to sustain appreciable damage to either the blood or the blood-forming organs as a consequence of the examination
Patients are expected to sustain total damage to either the blood or the blood-forming organs as a consequence of the examination, resulting in fatality
Which of the following tissues contain cells that do not divide?
1. Epithelial tissue,
2. Muscle tissue,
3. Nervous tissue in an adult
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
Tissues that are _____ and _____ are more radiosensitive.
mature, specialized
immature, specialized
immature, undifferentiated
mature, undifferentiated
The law of Bergonie and Tribondeau states that the radiosensitivity of cells is _____ proportional to the reproductive activity and ______ to their degree of differentiation.
directly, indirectly
directly, directly
indirectly, indirectly
indirectly, directly
The principal radiation interaction within the human body occurs with _____.
DNA
RNA
H2O
