HE discovered erythrocytes

He described human erythrocytes

Year when the 1st complete classification of leukocytes

Year when wright stain was developed

Year when the PMN was distinguished from other leukocytes

Year when the platelets was described

Year when the worm described in the blood

Year wen the erythrocytes was described

It is the fluid that remains after coagulation has occurred and clot has formed

it is composed of approximately 90% water and contains proteins, enzymes, hormones, lipids and salts

it is pale yellow or straw colored/ slightly hazy

TBV of newborns

What is the range of normal pH

It is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance

Specific gravity of serum

Specific gravity of plasma

What is the color of pulmonary arteries and veins with an hemoglobin that has no oxygen?

concentration of solutes dissolved in the blood

reference range of osmometer

Transports oxygen and carbon dioxide

Increased RBC count reflecting increased circulating RBC mass

What is the measurement used for MCV

What is the measurement used for MCH

It reflects RBC diameter on a wright stained blood film

Reflects RBC staining intensity and amount of central pallor

Expresses the degree if variation in RBC volume

It aids in diagnosis of anemia

Used to differentiate and count these young RBCs

Increased bands indicates bacterial infection and is customarily called?

Dark purple, irregular cytoplasmic granules and contains histamines and various proteins

It is rare and often signals a hematologic proteins

Comprise a complex system of cells that provides for host immunity

Increased lymphocyte count and associated with viral infections

Abnormally low lymphocyte count and associated with drug therapy / immunodeficiency

More prevalent in people older than 45 years old

Most common form of childhood leukemia

Found in certain infections, collagen vascular diseases, or acute and chronic leukemia

Elevated platelet levels and signals inflammation/ trauma but convey modest intrinsic significance

Rare malignant condition characterized by extremely high platelet counts and uncontrolled platelet production

They are important in maintaining normal blood flow, in tethering (decelerating) platelets during times of injury, and in enabling WBCs to escape blood vessels

detects lineage specific antigens on the surface or in the cytoplasm of leukemia and lymphoma cells

A membrane protein that is present in the megakaryocytic lineage and may be diagnostic for megakaryocytic leukemia

Uses graduated concentration of saline solution to detect spherocyte in hereditary spherocytosis or warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Oldest hematological test and detects inflammation and roughly estimates its intensity

An internal standard methodology which supports hematology lab applications

Main clotting protein

Main clotting protein

he described worms in the blood

The year when hematology was considered a separate science from clinical pathology

terminology used for "without"

It is the liquid portion of unclotted blood

it is pale yellow, clear and transparent

the <20% remains in serum is called?

TBV of male

TBV of female

it can be described as the thickness and stickiness of blood. It measures the resistance of blood flow.

It is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution it is the negative decimal logarithm of hydrogen concentration

What is the average normal pH

Color of arterial blood

Color of venous blood

pH below 7.35

pH above 7.45

Transports oxygen from lungs to tissues and clears tissues of carbon dioxide and transports glucose, proteins, and fats moves waste to the liver and kidneys

Provides coagulation enzymes that protect vessels from trauma and maintain the circulation

Polycythemia leads to?

Excluded from the hematocrit determination

What is the measurement used for MCHC

Expresses the mass of hemoglobin and parallel the MCHC

Newly released from bone marrow

Phagocytic cells and its purpose is to engulf and destroy microorganism and foreign materials

Bright orange red regular cytoplasmic granules filled with proteins involved in immune system regulation

It signals a response to allergic reaction or parasitic infection

These are immature macrophages

It is the most abundant cell type in the body, more abundant than RBC, or skin cells

True blood cells that maintains blood vessels integrity by irritating vessel wall repairs

A third system of enzymes and cofactors digests clots to restore vessel patency

A continuous, regulated process of blood cell production that includes cell renewal, proliferation, differentiation and maturation

It serves as a functional model to study stem cell biology, proliferation, maturation and their contribution to disease and tissue repair

It begins on the 19th day of embryonic development

What is the major site of adult blood formation in the embryo?

5 to 7 gestational weeks

It is where the lymphoid cells begins to appear

Hematopoiesis in hepatic phase happens ______

It is the first organ in the fetus and also the major site of T cell production

In the hepatic phase, which of the following produces B cells?

It is the predominant hemoglobin in the hepatic phase but detectable level of hemoglobin A may be present

This phase happens on the 5th month of fetal development

A type of embryonic tissue, differentiate into structural elements that supports the developing blood cells

In the medullary phase, what is the myeloid to erythroid ratio?

At the end of the 24 weeks gestation, what organ becomes the primary site of hematopoiesis under the medullary phase

In this organ, it contains developing erythroid, myeloid, megakaryocytic, and lymphoid

It consist of the bone marrow and thymus and is here T and B lymphocytes are derived

It is where lymphoid cells respond to foreign antigens, consists of the spleen, lymph nodes, and mucosa associated lymph tissue

What is the largest organ in the body, it contains the tissue located within the cavities of the cortical bones

The projection of calcified bone, radiate out from the bone cortex into the central space, forming 3 dimensional matrix resembling a honeycomb

Hematopoietically active marrow consisting of the developing blood cells and their progenitors

Hematopoietically inactive marrow composed primarily of adipocytes, with undifferentiated mesenchymal cell and macrophage

The process of replacing the active marrow by adipocytes during development

The red marrow is capable of reverting back to active marrow.

The brown marrow is capable to convert back to brown marrow.

These cells originates from mesenchymal cell tat migrate into the central cavity of the bones

These cells regulate the flow of particulates entering the leaving hematopoietic spaces in the vascular sinuses

These are large cells with a single fat vacuole that plays a role in regulating the volume of the marrow in which active hematopoiesis occurs

Bone forming cells

bone resorbing cells

It forms an incomplete layer of cells on the abluminal surface of the vascular sinuses

It secretes a semifluid extracellular matrix that serves to anchor developing hematopoietic cells in the bone cavity

It is composed of the hematopoietic ells and macrophage arranged in extravascular cords

It is found surrounding iron laden macrophage

It provides nutrients for the osseous bone and the marrow

It plays an important role in nurturing and protecting HSCs and regulating a balance among their quiescence, self renewal, and differentiation

It serves as a major site of blood cell production during the second trimester of fetal production

They are macrophages that remove senescent cells and foreign debris from the blood that circulates through the liver

They secrete mediators that regulate protein synthesis in the hepatocytes

It is the largest organ in the body that is vital but not essential for life

It consists of scattered follicles with germinal centers

They are found with germinal centers

It surrounds the white pulp and forms a reticular meshwork containing blood vessels, macrophage, memory B cells, and CD4⁺ cells

It is composed primarily of vascular sinuses separated by cords of reticular cell meshwork containing loosely connected specialized macrophage

Cells are phagocytized with subsequent degradation of cell organelles

In splenic macrophages remove inclusions or damage surface membrane from the circulating RBC

What organ serves as a storage site for platelets

This is when the spleen becomes enlarge and is palpable

It is the enlargement of the spleen resulting in some degree of pancytopenia despite the presence of hyperactive bone marrow

It is located along the lymphatic capillaries that parallel, but are not part of the circulatory system

the cortical region of some follicles develop foci of activated B cells proliferation

Follicles with germinal centers

Without follicles an germinal centers

Located between the cortex and the medulla that contains T cells and numerous macrophage

It is characterized by a blood supply system that is unique in that it consist of capillaries

It suggests that all blood cells are derived from a single progenitor stem cells called pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells

It suggests that each of the blood cell lineages is derived from its own unique stem cell

What is the most widely accepted theory among experimental hematologists today?

It proliferates and differentiates into T, B and NK lymphocytes and dendritic lineages

Proliferates and differentiates into individual granulocytic, erythrocytic, monocytic, and megakaryocytic lineages

It is able to reconstitute the hematopoietic system of lethally irradiate host

A bipotential progenitor cell of mesodermal origin that gives rise to hematopoietic and endothelial lineages

Associated with a loss of stemness

Seen on committed myeloid progenitors

Seen on committed lymphoid progenitor

Seen on T lymphoid progenitors cells and natural killer cells

Seen on B lymphoid progenitors

It is responsible for stimulation / inhibition of production, differentiation, and trafficking of mature blood cells and their precursors

A programmed cell death

Am early acting growth factor, its receptor is the transmembrane

It is a receptor type tyrosine protein kinase that is expressed on HSCs and is down regulated with differentiation

It is a receptor type tyrosine protein kinase

It regulates process for maintaining adequate number of erythrocytes in the peripheral blood

Produces a large multiclustered colony that resembles a cluster of grapes containing brightly colored hemoglobin

activities done in prior to the examination of the specimen or sample that is intended to establish system conducive to accuracy

activities done during testing to determine whether the test systems are performing correctly

IT is done when error is detected to correct the system. recalibration f instrument / machine

It is the closeness to the estimated value

It is the reproducibility of a result, whether accurate or inaccurate

It means it is free from defects or errors

It minimizes error

It ensures results are reliable and to determine how correct or incorrect the result is

Bind to non ionize form of calcium then chelates calcium

It binds calcium

At what phase does the production of Alpha globin chain begins?

Hematopoiesis at this phase occurs extravascularly with liver remaining the major site of hematopoiesis during the second trimester of fetal life

A pan myeloid rgowth factor that stimualte granu-, mono, megakaryocytes and eosinophil progenitors

Stimulates granulocytes production and functional activation

GM-CSF

G-CSF

M-CSF

MEG-CSF