A plan for Reconstruction that called for leniency, pardons, and quickly allowed Southern states back into the Union. It also advocated for States Rights on deciding how to handle the integration of Freedmen into society.

A plan for Reconstruction that advocated punishing former Confederate states and their leaders. It wanted to establish Federal control of the South in order to protect, and expand, the rights of African Americans.

A term that classifies all men, women, and children that were previously bound to the institution of slavery.

A term that describes a "foreign" person that packs up their belongings and moves to the south during and after the Civil War.

A term that southerner uses to describe another southerner who gave up on the cause of the Confederacy and participated in the Reconstruction process.

A faction (group) within Congress that took control of Reconstruction from Andrew Johnson in 1867. They advocated for taking Confederate land, dividing the south in military districts, and using Federal troops to protect freedmen's rights guaranteed in the 13-15th Amendments.

An amendment to the US constitution that outlawed slavery except as punishment for a crime.

An amendment to the U.S. Constitution that granted citizenship to freedmen and guaranteed all citizens "equal protection" under the law.

An amendment to the U.S. Constitution that guaranteed the right to vote to all male citizens regardless of race, ethnicity, or nationality.

A system that arose throughout the former Confederate States to replace the institution of slavery. It broke plantations into rental plots that families could rent in return to farming the land. Often, they paid rent based upon their crop yields and fell into a vicious cycle of generational debt.

A Federal program created by Abraham Lincoln and Radical Republicans in order to protect and promote freedmen with their transition into citizenship. The program provided food, shelter, education, medical supplies, and aided in finding employment. It laid a foundation for future welfare programs of the present.

Southerners who were unhappy with the loss in the war, and disgruntled by the racial uplifting of freedmen, formed this violent group hellbent on restoring a white status quo in the American South.

Southern states enacted harsh new laws, rules, and regulations designed to criminalize former slaves and take advantage of the loophole in the 13th Amendment. This began a system known as convict leasing.

After several racial riots in New Orleans and Memphis, Radical Republicans asked General Grant to engineer a plan to stop the violence and protect freedmen in the south. Together, they divided the South into five military districts and used Federal troops to enforce the Reconstruction Amendments. This marked the beginning of "Radical" Reconstruction.

A southerner, former slave owner, and devout believer of states rights that took over as President following Abraham Lincoln's assassination in 1865. He became the first President in U.S. History to be impeached by Congress and is widely considered one of the worst Presidents in U.S. History.

Which of the following was not a form of voting restriction in the American south during the Jim Crow Era?

An agreement between the Republican and Democratic parties after the 1876 Presidential election that gave Republicans, and Rutherford B. Hayes, the Presidency in return for ending Reconstruction and removing Federal troops from the South.

An intellectual movement, and propaganda campaign, that attempted to rewrite the history of the Civil War and Reconstruction in order to justify the Confederacy in a more positive light. Through the use of education, monuments, and film, the movement was wildly successful in changing the narrative. What is it known as?

After the ending of Reconstruction, discrimination and racial laws eventually formed into a broad form of racial segregation that lasted into the 1960s. What is this period known as?

Segregation by law. It exists predominately in southern states between 1877 and 1964.

Segregation by custom. It exists throughout southern and northern states and is determined by the customary practices of business owners, local individuals, and communities.

A form of mob "justice," where an individual is targeted based upon race, nationality, or gender. That individual is murdered by the mob without the due process of law. This was common throughout the nation during the Jim Crow Era.

An intellectual leader that wrote "Black Reconstruction in America," and founded the NAACP. He was the first African American graduate from Harvard and one of the nation's early Civil Rights leaders. He believed that a "talented tenth," would emerge to lead African Americans towards equality in America.

A mass movement of African Americans out of the American south and into northern and western cities. They are fleeing Jim Crow, the KKK, and a lack of voting rights and seeking economic opportunity.

African Americans who settled into New York City after the Great Migration gravitated towards this neighborhood that birthed a Renaissance of music, literature, fashion, and cuisine that had a profound impact on American culture.

An early Civil Rights leader that believed in black acquiescence and instead advocated for African Americans to "cast their bucket down," in hard work, education, labor, farming, and vocational skills.

An early Civil Rights leader that advocated for African Americans to join the UNIA with the goal of recolonizing African nations. His influence and beliefs inspired the Black Power Movement that came later in the 20th century.

Which term represents the racial riots that took place following WWI in places like Elaine, Arkansas or Tulsa, Oklahoma.

A group of teenagers that were wrongfully accused, and charged, with rape in 1931 in the state of Alabama. After multiple retrials and two Supreme Court verdicts, all nine teenagers were eventually acquitted of the original charges. The case inspired the novel, "To Kill a Mockingbird".

An African American athlete that broke the color barrier in baseball by integrating the MLB with the Brooklyn Dodgers.

A Civil Rights leader that preached non-violent civil disobedience even in the face of violence.

A Civil Rights leader that preached self defense in the face of violence and was harshly critical of MLK's approach to equality and integration. This person advocated black power and was assassinated in 1965.

A Civil Rights leader that emerged as a voice of unity in his community. He established the first "Rainbow Coalition," of minority communities in Chicago. He was murdered by police in 1969.

An economic tool to hurt a business, company, or nation by denying your consumer dollars.

A Supreme Court case that ruled that Jim Crow Laws, and segregation, are constitutional as long as the facilities are "separate, but equal".

A Supreme Court case involving Howard High School that ruled, "in the field of education, the doctrine of separate but equal is inherently unequal".

Any type of activism that activists would practice (marching, protesting, petitioning, etc.)

A famous boycott that ultimately led to the Supreme Court ruling in Browder vs. Gayle that desegregated public transportation.

A famous civil and human rights icon that used his athletic platform to bring issues to the American public's attention.

President Lyndon B. Johnson signed this bill into law in 1964 that prohibited discrimination on the basis of race, gender, and nationality.

This southern city was the site of three mass marches in order to protest disenfranchisement in Alabama.

A landmark piece of legislation signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson that outlawed any form of disenfranchisement and reversed a century of practices like poll taxes, literacy tests, and others...

An outspoken Alabama governor, and Presidential candidate, that was a staunch segregationist who once stated, "segregation now, segregation tomorrow, and segregation forever".

A group that emerged out of the Black Power Movement in order to prevent police brutality in Oakland, California. They orchestrated a free breakfast program for children, health clinics for impoverished communities, and brought attention to inner city issues.