WorksheetsPROTEIN SYNTHESIS (From DNA to Protein)
Total questions: 25
Worksheet time: 4hrs 10mins
What is the purpose of DNA?
to aid in facilitated diffusion
stores hereditary information
reduces the activation energy
manufactures proteins
The diagram displays the copying of a DNA sequence from a gene before and after the copy is made. The * represents an error that was made. Identify what this error is called.
insertion
deletion
silent
nonsense
In the model of DNA, if the red peg represents Adenine, then the blue peg MUST be
Uracil
Thymine
Cytosine
Guanine
In which process, identified in the image, is a mutation first able to develop?
transcription
post-transcription
translation
post-translation
During _____________, the cell uses information from messenger RNA to produce proteins.
respiration
translation
transcription
amino acid sequencing
The process by which DNA is copied to RNA is called ____________________
transcription
translation
amino acid sequence
respiration
During the process of protein synthesis, each tRNA carries one
Fatty acid
amino acid
nucleotide
protein
What are noncoding sequences in eukaryotic DNA that are transcribed to RNA and removed by splicing?
enhancers
introns
exons
promoters
A change in the natural sequence of bases in DNA structure is called a
reconstruction
mutation
revolution
translation
Which component CAN NOT be part of this strand?
ribose
deoxyribose
phosphate
adenine
Which component CAN NOT be part of this strand?
Thymine
deoxyribose
Uracil
phosphate
Which component is part of this strand?
Ribose sugar
Uracil
Adenine
Phosphate group
The chart matches messenger RNA codons with amino acids.
A DNA strand has the codon UCA. According to the chart, the corresponding messenger RNA codes for which amino acid?
alanine
glycine
leucine
serine
Messenger RNA carries a(n) ___________ of the DNA’s instructions out of the nucleus to the ___________.
exact copy; ribosome
exact copy; mitochondria
transcript; mitochondria
transcript; ribosome
) The molecular sequence, or blueprint for a protein, is originally carried by which molecule?
tRNA
mRNA
ATP
DNA
Translation of the DNA sequence AGGGTCGAAA would result in
a mRNA strand with the sequence TTCGACCCT.
a mRNA strand with the sequence UUGCACCCU.
a DNA strand with the base sequence TTCGACCCT
a mRNA strand with the sequence UCCCAGCUUU
What is the purpose of DNA polymerase?
It carries genetic information to the ribosomes.
It retrieves amino acids from the cytoplasm for protein construction.
It constructs RNA chains using a template from DNA genes.
It produces a complementary copy of a strand of DNA.
DNA and RNA differ in all BUT in one of the following ways.
RNA uses the sugar ribose in its backbone, while DNA uses deoxyribose.
DNA is double-stranded, while RNA is single-stranded.
DNA contains the base uracil, while RNA contains the base thymine instead
DNA is found in chromosomes in the nucleus, while RNA can move around the cell.
Which process MUST occur before mitosis and meiosis can occur?
DNA replication
DNA translation
RNA translation
DNA transcription
How many different codons can code for the amino acid tyrosine (Tyr)?
1
2
4
6
The codon chart shown here uses the three base sequence found on the mRNA molecule after the information is copied from DNA during transcription. If the mRNA message is AUG CAG UGC, CGC, what was the original DNA base sequence?
TAC GTC AGC GCG
TAC GTC ACG GCG
UAC GUC UCG TCU
AUG UAG UGC CGC
A single strand of DNA contains the following 12 nucleotides in this order: TAC GTC ACG TCA What sequence of bases will be present on the complementary strand of DNA?
AUG CAG UGC AGU
ATG CAG TGC AGT
AUG UAG UGC AGU
TAC GTC ACG TCA
X-rays, drugs, nitrous acid, viruses. All of the substances are _______________, which cause inheritable changes in the genetic material
Agents
pathogens
vectors
mutagens
Chromosomal mutations can be particularly hazardous, Cri du chat syndrome is a rare genetic disorder. Its name is a French term ("cat-cry" or "call of the cat") referring to the characteristic cat-like cry of affected children.
The image shows how the chromosome change. This type of mutation is referred to as
insertion
translocation
deletion
duplication
Select the option that represents the central Dogma
