What do you call a part of a discourse that surround a word or passage and throws light on its meaning?

Which refers to hints within a sentence that can be used to understand an unfamiliar word?

The phrase that is, and punctuation marks such as commas, dashes, and parentheses are used to introduce what type of clue?

What type of context clue uses examples to help readers determine the meaning of the unfamiliar word?

In the sentence, "The children were as different as day and night. He was a lively conversationalist, but she was a taciturn." What type of context clue is used?

Which of the following clues compels the readers to make an educated guess about the meaning of the unfamiliar word in the sentence?

Determine the meaning of the underlined word based on context.

My brother said, "I just freed myself from a very loquacious history professor. All he seemed to want was an audience.

Determine the meaning of the underlined word based on context.

There is no doubt that the idea of living in such a benign climate was appealing. The islanders seemed to keep their vitality and live longer than Europeans.

Determine the meaning of the underlined word based on context.

It is difficult to imagine a surfeit of talent in one individual, yet Leonard Bernstein simply does not have the time to make complete use of his talent as conductor, performer, writer, and lecturer.

Determine the meaning of the underlined word based on context.

Such vicissitudes of history. Nothing remains the same. Three hundred years of peace ended in darkness and confusion.

Determine the meaning of the underlined word based on context.

A combination of fog and industrial smoke, called smog, has vitiated the air in and around many big cities.