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WorksheetsPsych I full course review
Total questions: 171
Worksheet time: 1hrs 26mins
What do we call research intended to increase the scientific knowledge base?
Applied research
Mental research
Basic research
Behavioral research
Which theory attempts to understand conscious experience by analyzing the basic elements of thoughts?
Structuralism
Functionalism
Psychoanalysis
Gestalt
What do psychoanalysts call a misstatement reflective of something you'd like to say?
Pavlovian mistake
Freudian slip
Behavioral bobble
Observable error
Which kind of psychology focuses on the study of conscious experience and the individual's capacity for personal growth?
Psychoanalytic
Functionalist
Humanistic
Behavioral
Which of the following psychologists is most closely associated with client-centered therapy?
Carl Rogers
Abraham Maslow
John Watson
Jean Piaget
Which of the following psychologists presented research on internalized racism, helping the Supreme Court end legalized racial segregation?
Martin and Mandy Seligman
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
Mary Calkins and Margaret Washburn
Daniel and Louise Kahneman
Which psychological school of thought focuses on how people think?
Cognitive
Social-cultural
Behavioral
Biological
Elliott helps his little sister because he has learned that rewards come to those who help. Which of the following perspectives is illustrated in this scenario?
Psychodynamic
Biological
Behavioral
Cognitive
Research from which of the following areas has shown that student achievement increases when students are taught how to be more resilient?
Behavioral genetics
Structural cognition
Positive psychology
Evolutionary psychology
Which of the following questions would most likely be asked by an evolutionary psychologist?
Who opened the first psychology laboratory?
How does a behaviorist explain learning?
What did Freud have to say about personality?
How does a certain behavior help us survive?
A tendency to focus on information that supports what I already believe to be true is called
critical thinking
confirmation bias
a confounding variable
participant bias
Which of the following is naturalistic observation?
A coach times potential team members to see how fast they can run 100 meters
A principal comes in to the classroom to evaluate a teacher
A marketing researcher sits outside of a busy store at the mall and notes what percentage of the people leaving the store are carrying bags or packages
A father supervises as his son picks up his toys
If there is a positive correlation between having a high income and having a successful marriage, what can we conclude about cause and effect?
Having a high income leads to a successful marriage.
Some other factor leads to both a successful marriage and a high income.
Nothing.
Having a successful marriage leads to a high income.
The best sample to use for learning the opinions of the students in a high school is
50 names drawn from a box containing the names of all the students
the first 50 students to walk through the door one morning
the 50 students with the highest GPAs
all of the students in the high school
A research technique that compares individuals from different age groups at one time is known as
an experiment
a longitudinal study
a correlational study
a cross-sectional study
If I am interested in the effect of exercise on health, which of the following could I use for the operational definition of the DV?
The number of days each week that the participants go to the gym
The age of the participants in the study
The number of days the participants call in sick
The people in the group that does not go to the gym
A researcher sets up an experiment where one group of students studies an hour each evening and another group studies 30 minutes each evening to see if this has an effect on test scores. The researcher is concerned that how smart the students are might be a confounding variable. How should the researcher control for this?
By using a double-blind procedure
By randomly assigning the students to the two groups
By using a large sample of students
By giving students an IQ test to find out how smart they are
In an experiment designed to determine if taking a nap each afternoon leads to fewer dinnertime arguments, what would be true of the control group?
They are the participants who would not nap in the afternoon.
They are the participants who had fewer arguments at dinner.
They are the participants who would nap in the afternoon.
They are the participants who had more arguments at dinner.
Statistical significance means
the results of an experiment were probably not caused by chance.
an experiment is likely to produce changes in the way people live their lives.
the experiment used a double-blind procedure.
an experiment has been replicated.
Which of the following ethical principles requires the researcher to divulge any deception that may have occurred?
The right to be protected from harm and discomfort
Informed consent
Debriefing
The right to confidentiality
The overall purpose of statistics is to
discover how two variables are related
determine statistical significance
identify the center of a distribution of numbers
make numbers meaningful
Bar graphs are most closely related to
correlation coefficients
frequency distributions
statistical significance
standard deviations
When a distribution of data is skewed, the best measure of central tendency is the
median
mean
range
standard deviation
A limitation of the range is that it
considers only two pieces of data.
cannot be used as a measure of variation
may provide a false indication of statistical significance
is too difficult to calculate
A statistic that always gets larger as data become less consistent is the
mean
percentile
median
standard deviation
Scores that are three standard deviations above the mean are
much more common than scores that are three standard deviations below the mean
an indication of statistical significance
rare
an indication of positive correlation
A student who scores at the 50th percentile on a test has scored at the
mode
median
standard deviation
mean
A scatterplot is a visual representation of
statistical significance
a standard deviation
a correlation
percentage scores
Which of the following can never be a correlation coefficient?
r = - 1.00
r = + 0.85
r = + 2.00
r = - 0.01
Which of the following does not contribute to statistical significance?
the correlation coefficients of the two groups
the number of participants
the standard deviations of the two groups
the difference between the two groups' means
Which of the following is not a task accomplished by neurons?
Neurons carry information down their length.
Neurons communicate with each other across small gaps.
Neurons manufacture and release hormones.
Neurons receive information from other neurons.
Which of the following is a function of myelin?
Myelin fills the synapse.
Myelin keeps neurons from overheating.
Myelin slows down action potentials.
Myelin allows information to travel down the axon more quickly
The all-or-none principle means that
all the neurons in a region fire together.
neurons and endocrine glands work together to produce the body's response.
a neuron always fires at the same intensity.
the action potential occurs at all parts of a neuron at the same time.
The function of neurotransmitters is to carry information across the
soma
synapse
axon
myelin sheath
What is the correct order for the neural chain?
receptor, motor neuron, interneuron, sensory neuron
receptor, interneuron, sensory neuron, motor neuron
receptor, interneuron, motor neuron, sensory neuron
receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron
Antidepressant medications like Prozac serve as an ____________ for ____________.
antagonist; serotonin
agonist; serotonin
agonist; dopamine
antagonist; dopamine
Which of the following cells are part of the central nervous system?
receptor cells
interneurons
sensory neurons
motor neurons
What is the neurotransmitter that allows for muscle action?
Dopamine
Acetylcholine
Serotonin
Prozac
Your heart rate gradually returns to normal after you are startled by a noise at night. Which part of the nervous system does not play a role in this calming?
Autonomic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
Somatic nervous system
Central nervous system
The pituitary gland controls other endocrine glands by
releasing hormones into the bloodstream.
releasing hormones into the synapse.
generating neurotransmitters.
generating action potentials.
Case studies are of somewhat limited value because
the findings might not apply to other cases
they can cost too much money
they can provide information about brain structure but not brain function
they may take too long to complete
To locate a tumor in the brain, it would be best to use a(n)
fMRI
CT
case study
EEG
The reticular formation is part of the
brainstem
limbic system
cerebral cortex
somatosensory cortex
Damage to the amygdala would most likely have a negative impact on
memory
speech
regulation of emotion
basic life functions
All of the following are parts of the limbic system except the
reticular formation
hypothalamus
amygdala
hippocampus
The longitudinal fissure separates
the cerebral cortex from the limbic system
the left hemisphere from the right hemisphere
the motor cortex from the somatosensory cortex
Broca's area from Wernicke's area
Information from the ears is processed in the ____________ lobes.
frontal
occipital
parietal
temporal
Brain plasticity refers to the
ability of the brain to change to respond to damage.
method the thalamus uses to route sensory information to the proper area of the brain.
difference in functions between the left hemisphere and the right hemisphere.
way the brain wrinkles to fit into the skull.
The somatosensory cortex can
sense very quiet sounds.
understand the speech of others.
allow you to feel a bug crawling up your leg.
activate your left arm.
Albert was unable to form words correctly following his stroke. The stroke probably damaged
Broca's area
the corpus callosum
Wernicke's area
the somatosensory cortex
Learning is generally defined as a change in
behavior
emotion
thinking
memory
In classical conditioning,
two similar stimuli cause different responses
two similar stimuli cause the same response
a response gains the power to cause a stimulus
a stimulus gains the power to cause a response
A stimulus that produces a response reflexively and automatically is called a(n) ____________ stimulus.
unconditioned
neutral
extinguished
conditioned
A conditioned stimulus always begins as a(n)
conditioned response
unconditioned response
unconditioned stimulus
neutral stimulus
Pairing a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus produces
acquisition
generalization
extinction
discrimination
Ivan Pavlov's original research interest involved
how the brain works
memory
digestion
how children learn
Which of the following is an example of discrimination?
A college student in the shower jumps when someone yells, “Flush!” and when someone yells, “Flesh!”
Pavlov's dog salivates to the tones produced by two different tuning forks.
Little Albert shows fear in the presence of a rat but not in the presence of a rabbit.
Antonia is afraid of spiders and wasps.
Which of the following demonstrates the importance of cognition in classical conditioning?
A teenager will learn not to eat shrimp if he gets sick from eating shrimp.
A neutral stimulus will become a conditioned stimulus only if it predicts an unconditioned stimulus.
A dog will learn to salivate to a tone similar to one that was trained as a conditioned stimulus.
A dog will learn to salivate to the sound of one tone, but not to the sound of a different tone.
Classical conditioning is probably involved if a(n)
little girl learns to fear snakes after watching her older sister freak out when a snake crosses the sidewalk in front of her.
young woman succeeds in mastering a difficult song on the guitar after months of practice.
advertiser succeeds in getting customers to develop romantic associations to a product.
person continues to buy a particular cough drop because he believes it works well.
What will happen if a dog that has been classically conditioned to salivate to a tone hears the tone 100 times without having it paired with meat?
Acquisition will occur.
Taste aversion will occur.
The salivation response will generalize.
The salivation response will extinguish.
In operant conditioning, behavior is determined by
consequences
the attitude of the learner
the event that precedes the behavior
pairing a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus
B. F. Skinner received his first public recognition when an article was published about his
extension of Pavlov's work to animals other than dogs
affair with a graduate student
work with pigeons in the Skinner box
air crib for babies
Two possible consequences in operant conditioning are
fixed and variable
interval and ratio
reinforcement and punishment
cognitive and biological
The law of effect indicates that
positive consequences decrease the future likelihood of a behavior
reinforcement increases the future likelihood of a behavior
negative consequences increase the future likelihood of a behavior
punishment increases the future likelihood of a behavior
Which of the following is a secondary reinforcement?
bread
lemonade
a gift certificate
candy
Punishment can be
positive but not negative
negative but not positive
either positive or negative
neither positive nor negative
Which of the following is not a potential problem with punishment?
Punishment can cause the learner to avoid the teacher
Punishment can model aggressive behavior for the learner
Punishment is so effective that its results cannot be reversed
The effects of punishment are temporary
A mother has been teaching her child to make his bed. She does this by praising the child's first efforts, even though they are not very good. The mother is using the technique of
extinction
shaping
discrimination
delayed reinforcement
Which of the following represents reinforcement on a variable-interval schedule?
Rosie addresses envelopes for a local company. She is paid $20 for every 100 envelopes she completes
Ahmad buys 10 raffle tickets, hoping to win the computer being given away for a local charity fundraiser
Juan checks his phone repeatedly to see if an important email has arrived
Charlie studies hard to prepare for his semester finals
The overjustification effect is important because it illustrates the importance of ____________ in operant conditioning.
biology
extinction
discrimination
cognition
A mental representation of a place is:
a Skinner box
a maze
a cognitive map
shaping
Learning by watching others is called
observational learning
imitative learning
operant conditioning
classical conditioning
You can learn new behaviors by watching a(n)
model
actor
inflatable toy
instigator
Groundbreaking research in observational learning was done by
John Watson
Robert Rescorla
Albert Bandura
B.F. Skinner
All of the following were important for the original research in observational learning except a(n)
adult who interacted with toys
child who observed videos
peer of the learner
Bobo doll
When children observed adults interacting with inflatable Bobo dolls, they
were not likely to imitate aggressive behaviors
were aggressive and imitated some of the exact behaviors and words of the adults
were aggressive but didn't imitate exact behaviors and words of the adults
imitated exact behaviors but not exact words
Which of the following is true of vicarious learning?
In only applies to nonaggressive behavior
It is determined by the consequences of another person's behavior
It occurs by observation of media but not real-life events
It only applies to aggressive behavior
Mirror neurons
provide a neurological explanation of why observational learning occurs
provide a neurological explanation of why aggression modeled in the media is more significant than aggression modeled in real life
are located in the brain of the observer but not in the brain of the model
are located in the brain of the model but not in the brain of the observer
Which of the following is an example of prosocial behavior?
A high school class collecting cans for a food drive
A student studying to do her best job ever on a psychology test
A politician harassing a student intern
A star athlete dunking a basketball
Which of the following has not proven to be necessary for observational learning?
Remembering the modeled behavior
Witnessing a behavior at least three times
Motivation to learn
The ability to reproduce the behavior
All of the following are conclusions of the American Psychological Association Commission on Violence and
Youth except:
media violence and aggressive behavior by viewers are correlated, but this may not represent a cause-and-effect relationship
higher levels of viewing violence on television are associated with increased aggressive attitudes
exposure of children to media violence can have lifelong consequences
higher levels of viewing violence on television are associated with increased aggressive behaviors
Which of the following sequences is in the correct order?
encoding, sensory memory, short-term/working memory, retrieval
short-term/working memory, encoding, sensory memory, retrieval
short-term/working memory, sensory memory, encoding, retrieval
sensory memory, encoding, short-term/working memory, retrieval
Which of the following is an example of automatic processing?
encoding the names of your co-workers when you begin a new job
encoding of the three steps of the information-processing model
encoding your new password to your Twitter account
encoding of where a particular photograph appears on the page of this textbook
Hermann Ebbinghaus's research established the importance of
the serial position effect
rehearsal
mnemonic devices
semantic encoding
The self-reference effect is a tool used to improve
mnemonic devices
chunking
distributed rehearsal
semantic encoding
Which of the following is associated with sensory memory?
the hippocampus
long-term potentiation
recall
the echoic store
Short-term/working memory
holds a lot of information and lasts a long time
holds a lot of information but only lasts a short time
doesn't hold much information and only lasts a short time
doesn't hold much information but lasts a long time
A vivid memory of meeting the person who later becomes your spouse is an example of
a flashbulb memory
working memory
the iconic store
the serial position effect
An example of an implicit memory is remembering
how to walk
details of a trip to your grandparents' house last summer
your cell phone number
how to change Wi-Fi networks on your cell phone
What best explains the finding that if you always drink coffee while studying, you will probably do better on tests if you also drink coffee?
state-dependent memory
long-term potentiation
flashbulb memory
implicit memory
The cerebellum is involved in ____________ memory.
explicit
iconic
flashbulb
implicit
For a few minutes, Carlos couldn't remember the name of his math teacher from last year. Then, it popped back into his head. What is the most likely explanation for Carlos forgetting the name?
permastore failure
encoding failure
retrieval failure
storage failure
Georjeanna couldn't tell her friend what color the house on the corner was, even though she had walked by it dozens of times. What is the most likely explanation for Georjeanna forgetting the color of the house?
storage failure
encoding failure
retrieval failure
permastore failure
Sejal couldn't remember what she had for dinner two birthdays ago. All she could remember was what she ate for her most recent birthday dinner. Sejal experienced:
retroactive interference
storage failure
proactive interference
encoding failure
Ebbinghaus demonstrated that most forgetting occurs within a few ____________ after learning
weeks
days
years
months
Permastore memory
is an effective studying technique
refers to memories that are especially resistant to forgetting
relates to encoding, but not to storage or retrieval
refers to the impact of very old memories on new memories
Repression is a concept popularized by
Ernst
Freud
Ebbinghaus
Loftus
Motivated forgetting is most likely to explain why we
usually don't do well in classes we don't like
can't remember details of some things we've seen repeatedly, like the details on a dollar bill
can't remember information we studied for a history quiz
forget to include a candy bar in our calorie count when on a diet
Interference relates to
storage
retrieval
permastorage
encoding
Which of the following has NOT been shown to enhance the accuracy of the results of adult interviews with children?
using anatomically correct dolls
using words the child can understand
using neutral language that doesn't suggest a particular answer
having no contact between the adult and the child before the interview
When therapists use hypnosis, imagination techniques, and dream analysis to help patients recover repressed memories
the accuracy of the recovered memories increases for children but decreases for adults
the accuracy of the recovered memories increases for adults but decreases for children
any recovered memories are likely to be false
the accuracy of the recovered memories increases
Which of the following is a basic category?
kidney beans
soy milk
gluten-free products
cheese
Which of the following is a heuristic?
going through the football team roster to identify all of the linebackers on the team
retracing your steps to find where you left your phone
looking in every cupboard to find a pan you know is in the kitchen
trying every unused piece in every space to fit in the last 20 pieces in a jigsaw puzzle
Which of the following represents insight?
suddenly realizing what you are going to use as the topic of your English essay
creating a computer program to calculate the area of geometric shapes
having a good idea of what your friend is really thinking
carefully revising your college application
When trying to unscramble the letters spoxee into a common word, Stefano remembered that many words begin with the letters ex. Once he remembered this, it was relatively easy to figure out that the solution is expose. Stefano made use of
a heuristic
insight
an algorithm
a concept hierarchy
Even though it wasn't working, Mary continued to use the checkers strategy that served her well as a child when she played the game with her new friend. The fact that she didn't change her strategy shows
confirmation bias
framing
overconfidence
fixation
When he couldn't find a fly swatter, Li Wei used a rolled-up magazine to swat an annoying fly in his bedroom. In this way, he overcame
functional fixedness
a mental set
confirmation bias
the availability heuristic
Elizabeth was pretty sure the Senate candidate she supported would win easily because her friends on Facebook, where she got most of her news, kept posting links to articles that talked about her candidate's accomplishments. Her friends never posted links to critical articles. Because of ____________, she was very surprised when the candidate lost.
overconfidence
framing
confirmation bias
a mental set
A movie advertisement reporting that 95% of viewers gave the movie a thumbs-up rating is likely to be more effective than an advertising that 5% of viewers gave the movie a thumbs-down rating because of
insight
the availability heuristic
framing
confirmation bias
After they take a test one day, a teacher asks students to estimate what percentage of the questions they got right. The class estimated that they got 84% of the questions right, but when the tests were graded, it turned out the class actually got 71% right on the test. This indicates
a mental set
fixation
the availability heuristic
overconfidence
Tom avoids going downtown because he has read several news stories about muggings that occurred downtown. Official police reports indicate that you are actually more likely to get mugged in the suburbs. The fact that Tom won't go downtown indicates he is being influenced by
concept hierarchies
functional fixedness
the availability heuristic
insight
Which of the following would be part of visual–spatial intelligence?
being able to judge how much space there is between your car and the car in front of you
knowing how far apart you should plant corn seeds in your garden
being able to read a complicated text
being able to understand how your best friend is really feeling
Practical intelligence would include being able to
find the best bargain on a new cell phone
write and perform a rap for your best friend's birthday
invent a new way to prop open a closet door that always closes unexpectedly
calculate the correct answer to a complex algebraic formula
The IQ formula is no longer used because
it doesn't work well for calculating the IQ of adults
experts don't believe its assumptions apply anymore
the Flynn effect means that the formula is no longer useful
IQ tests are rarely given anymore
Which of the following is an innovation David Wechsler made in intelligence tests?
He developed a formula to calculate an IQ score.
He divided intelligence into verbal and nonverbal abilities.
He developed the first group tests.
He compared mental age to chronological age.
An early intelligence test used in France over a hundred years ago was developed by
Alfred Binet
David Wechsler
Lewis Terman
Charles Spearman
A 10-year-old child took the original Stanford-Binet intelligence test. The child was able to answer questions typically answered by 12-year-olds. According to the IQ formula, the child's IQ is
100
90
110
120
The determination of intellectual disability is made by considering intelligence test scores and
the ability to live independently
overall physical health
the level of emotional intelligence
whether the disability is caused by nature or nurture
A child takes an IQ test and gets a score of 120. A month later, the same child takes the same test and gets a score of 90. From this decrease in scores, you can conclude that the test is not a ____________ test.
good aptitude
reliable
good achievement
valid
Emotional intelligence does NOT involve
expressing emotion appropriately
explaining emotions to others
understanding one's own emotional responses
controlling emotion
A thermometer always measures two degrees hotter than the actual temperature. This thermometer is
neither reliable nor valid
reliable but not valid
both reliable and valid
valid but not reliable
A psychological disorder is a harmful dysfunction in which thoughts, feelings, or behaviors are maladaptive, disturbing, atypical and
unjustifiable
unified
unusual
unhappy
What do we call behaviors that are destructive to oneself or others?
disturbing
predispositioned
maladaptive
predestined
Which of the following would be most likely categorized as disturbing by a psychologist?
feeling compelled to hurt another when tired
refusing to read newspapers or watch the news on television
speaking in nonsense words in public in a loud voice
believing that aliens are responsible for starting life on Earth
Which of the following would most likely be explained as a product of the medical model?
discussing stressors with a therapist
examining how a person was raised
using drugs to treat a disorder
reviewing environmental causes of a disorder
Which of the following is most likely a goal of the DSM's authors?
Gather all statistics involving psychological disorders to advise government health agencies on policy matters.
Identify labels for psychological disorders in various cultures at various historical periods.
List human strengths and weaknesses to guide therapists' advice for patients trying to improve their lives.
Categorize psychological disorders and describe them specifically enough to guide future research.
The study from Stanford University of healthy individuals who admitted themselves to a mental hospital showed that psychological labels
do not help increase the reliability of diagnoses
cause excessive stress, which can lead to heart disease
benefit patients because they enable them to be admitted to effective treatment programs
influence how psychologists interpret normal behaviors of patients
Clinical psychologists classify psychological disorders according to their symptoms. This allows them to describe the disorder, predict its future course, treat the disorder appropriately, and
provide a springboard for research
certify their credentials
avoid labeling
charge more money for their services
Which approach to psychological disorders studies both nature and nurture and focuses on their interaction?
social-predispositional
medical
DSM
a bio-psycho-social
Research indicates that most people who suffer from mental disorders are
faking their illness in order to get sympathy
stigmatized and discriminated against
easily able to shed the disorder label
routinely given the best housing
What do some psychologists call the “un-DSM”?
a listing and explanation of character strengths
the bio-psycho-social model
the categories and descriptions of disorders
bravery, courage, and zest
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of anxiety?
feeling on edge
irritability
excitement about upcoming events
restlessness
Phobias are disruptive, ____________ fears.
unconscious
observable
justified
irrational
A person with agoraphobia experiences fear
of situations that would be difficult to escape from
of anything made of wool
in the presence of any animal with horns
when near farmland
Which of the following is true of obsessions and compulsions?
Both are always considered disorders
Compulsions are always disorders, but obsessions may or may not be disorders
They are not considered abnormal unless they disrupt a person's life
Obsessions are always disorders, but compulsions may or may not be disorders
Which of the following is true regarding biological causes of anxiety disorders?
Specific genes that cause anxiety disorders have been discovered
We are rapidly evolving to develop anxiety about modern threats like cars
People with anxiety disorders may show more activity in the frontal lobes of the brain
People with anxiety disorders may show reduced activity in the amygdala
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of major depressive disorder?
changes in weight or appetite
sleep changes
periods of mania
diminished ability to concentrate
Bipolar disorder involves
swinging between depression and unreasonable and disruptive optimism
depression that is even deeper than major depressive disorder
episodes of unexplained terror
a delayed reaction to highly stressful situations
The highest rate of suicide occurs among
adolescent males
elderly males
adolescent females
middle-age females
If one identical twin is diagnosed with major depressive disorder
there is about a 50–50 chance that the other twin will develop depression
there is a high chance that the other twin will develop depression if the twins are female, but a lowchance if the twins are male
it is almost certain that the other twin will develop depression
there is little increased likelihood that the other twin will develop depression
Vicky was unable to get a date for the Valentine's Day dance. She concluded that “nobody will ever love me.” Which of the following is true?
She has an unstable, external, and specific explanatory style, and this is not associated with depression.
She has an unstable, external, and specific explanatory style, and this is associated with depression
She has a stable, internal, and global explanatory style, and this is associated with depression
She has a stable, internal, and global explanatory style, and this is not associated with depression
Psychologists skeptical about the increase in the number of people diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder believe the increase is likely due to
better diagnostic criteria
genetic factors that may trigger the disorder
therapists who “cause” the disorder through suggestion
an increase in severe child abuse
Individuals with a deep distrust of others might be diagnosed with ____________ personality disorder
borderline
paranoid
antisocial
avoidant
According to the DSM-5, how many kinds of personality disorders are there?
100
10
200
300
Which of the following is characterized by memory loss caused by a reaction to a traumatic event?
dissociative amnesia
dissociative fugue
dissociative identity disorder
dissociative paranoia
A person who becomes paralyzed because of a stressful situation might be diagnosed with
dissociative amnesia
conversion disorder
somatic symptom disorder
borderline personality disorder
What kind of disorders are usually a response to overwhelming stress?
schizophrenic
predispositional
antisocial
dissociative
What is the disorder characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and behaviors called?
impulsive disorder
amnesia
multiple personality
schizophrenia
Which of the following is NOT considered a biological factor related to schizophrenia?
brain structure
genetics
blood type
brain function
What do we call a disorder where the person's sense of self has become separated from memories, thoughts, or feelings?
dissociative
anxiety
illness anxiety disorder
mood
What kind of personality disorder involves a lack of conscience and a lack of respect for the rights of other
people?
antisocial
dissociative identity
dependent
schizophrenia
Sigmund Freud was the founder of what controversial theory?
psychoanalytic therapy
client-centered therapy
light-exposure therapy
behavior therapy
What type of therapy uses a method that involves weekly sessions over a few months and focuses on what's going on in the patient's life now?
eclectic
psychodynamic
psychoanalytic
interpersonal
What is the key to client-centered therapy?
transference
active listening
free association
light exposure
What does Carl Rogers call a feeling of being accepted that does not depend on any specific behaviors?
latent content
repressed memories
unconditional positive regard
psychodynamic assumptions
What type of therapy applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors?
psychotherapy
humanistic therapy
behavior therapy
interpersonal therapy
What type of therapy gradually helps you overcome an anxiety-producing stimulus?
systematic desensitization
cognitive therapy
operant conditioning
aversive conditioning
What type of therapy can help desensitize people to fears?
aversive conditioning
token economy
cognitive therapy
virtual reality therapy
What is the process behind aversive conditioning?
replacing a negative response to a fearful experience with a positive response
overcoming a maladaptive behavior to feel better about yourself
replacing a positive response to a harmful experience with a negative response
rewarding desired behaviors and withholding rewards or punishing unwanted behaviors
What do cognitive therapists believe?
Our childhood traumas affect us today
We need to be rewarded for our behaviors
Desensitization helps us to overcome fears
Our thinking affects how we feel
What type of therapy helps people become aware of irrationally negative thoughts and behaviors?
cognitive-behavioral therapy
virtual-reality therapy
aversive conditioning
systematic desensitization
Which of the following is NOT considered a biomedical therapy?
cognitive therapy
electroconvulsive therapy
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy
drug therapies
The factor most responsible for deinstitutionalization after the 1950s was
the development of effective drugs
the growth in the use of lobotomies
a new edition of DSM that reclassified several categories of disorders
a change in federal law
Antipsychotic drugs are most effective when used to treat
post-traumatic stress disorder
anxiety disorders
depression
schizophrenia
Tardive dyskinesia is
the term that describes the amount of time it often takes before antidepressant medications take effect
a new treatment for substance abuse disorders
a technique that involves using magnets to stimulate the brain
a serious side effect of antipsychotic medications
The major side effect of electroconvulsive therapy is
weight gain
memory loss
muscle tremor
hallucinations
One advantage of electroconvulsive therapy over drugs is
ECT is much less expensive
ECT can be used to treat a greater number of disorders than drugs can
we understand how ECT works but how the drugs work is a mystery
ECT may work more quickly than drugs
Antipsychotic medications
block the effect of serotonin
block the effect of dopamine
boost the effect of serotonin
boost the effect of dopamine
Prozac is an ____________ medication.
antipsychotic
anticonvulsive
antidepressant
antianxiety
The original purpose of a lobotomy was to
destroy memories of traumatic events
sedate the patient
disconnect the emotional parts of the brain from the rational parts of the brain
stimulate the growth of new neurons and synapses
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is being developed as a possible replacement for
antianxiety medication
antipsychotic medication
electroconvulsive therapy
lobotomies
