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AP Biology Evolution Pt 2 Review

Total questions: 47

Worksheet time: 46mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
All the animals to the right of the hagfish would have the common characteristic of -
a)
Fur
b)
Claws or nails
c)
Lungs
d)
Jaws
2.
Which trait do only humans have, according to the cladogram?
a)
jaws
b)
mammary glands & hair
c)
terrestrial during all life stages
d)
opposable thumbs
3.
Which two orgainsms have hair? 
a)
Sharks & Ray Finned Fish
b)
Primates & Rodents
c)
Birds & Crocodiles
d)
Rabbits & Birds
4.
According to this cladogram, sharks are MOST closely related to which organism? 
a)
Amphibians
b)
Ray finned fish
c)
Crocodiles
d)
Birds
5.
According to this cladogram, sharks are MOST closely related to which organism? 
a)
Amphibians
b)
Ray finned fish
c)
Crocodiles
d)
Birds
6.
All the animals to the right of the hagfish would have the common characteristic of -
a)
Fur
b)
Claws or nails
c)
Lungs
d)
Jaws
7.
What is this a picture of?
a)
Pedigree
b)
Cladogram
c)
Family Tree
d)
Oak Tree
8.
On the cladogram, which feature do all organisms inherit?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
9.
According to the cladogram, which organism is most distantly related to the human?
a)
crayfish
b)
grasshopper
c)
perch
d)
frog
10.
What trait separates sharks from ray-finned fish?
a)
Vertebrae
b)
Bony skeleton
c)
Four limbs
d)
None
11.

Darwin's Finches became separate species due to

a)

Geographic isolation

b)

Temporal Isolation

c)

Behavioral Isolation

d)

Postzygotic Isolation

12.
A flash flood carried a raft of Amazon ants away from their original population. There is enough distance between the two groups, that they will never meet in nature again. What type of reproductive barrier is this?
a)
behavioral isolation
b)
temporal isolation 
c)
gametic isolation
d)
geographic isolation 
13.

The term for the formation of new and distinct species over the course of evolution is...

a)

speciation

b)

biological species concept

c)

reproductive barrier

d)

natural selection

14.
What is a species? 
a)
A group of organisms that can mate with each other and produce fertile offspring. 
b)
A group of organisms that can mate and produce offspring even if those offspring are infertile.
c)
A group of organisms that genetically are very different from each other. 
d)
Indivual organisms that live in the same environment. 
15.
The change in the genetic make up of a population is called...
a)
Population
b)
Random mating
c)
Evolution
d)
None of these
16.
What is founder effect?
a)
Any change in the allelic frequencies in a population that is due to chance
b)
›A small sample of a population settles in a location separated from the rest of the population
c)
  The process in which humans select for or against particular features in organisms
d)
›Members of one sex choose mates with particular features
17.
What is genetic drift?
a)
The movement of genes in/out of a population
b)
A small, random change in the DNA
c)
Any change in the allelic frequencies in a population that is due to chance
d)
›The process in which humans select for or against particular features in organisms
18.
What type of selection is this?
a)
Directional Selection
b)
Stabilizing Selection
c)
Disruptive Selection
d)
Natural Selection
19.
Which of the following must occur for speciation to happen?
a)
geographic isolation
b)
reproductive isolation
c)
temporal isolation
d)
behavioral isolation
20.
When has speciation occurred?
a)
When populations no longer look the same
b)
When populations no longer have the same frequency of alleles
c)
When populations are living in different environments
d)
When populations can no longer interbreed
21.
Which is a mechanism for change in allele frequency?
a)
gene flow
b)
genetic drift
c)
natural selection
d)
all answers are correct
22.

This theory of the origin of life states that living things come from nonliving matter.

a)

spontaneous generation

b)

bubble hypothesis

c)

Primordial Soup theory

d)

Meteorite theory

23.

Earth's early atmosphere had no

a)

gasses

b)

volcanoes

c)

water vapor

d)

free oxygen

24.

These scientists proved that organic molecules formed from inorganic molecules present in the Earth’s early atmosphere when given energy from lightening.

a)

lennon and mccartney

b)

watson and crick

c)

einstein and newton

d)

Miller and Urey

25.

Mitochondria and chloroplasts are thought to be ________________________ cells engulfed by a larger one.

a)

plants

b)

prokaryotic

c)

eikaryotic

d)

viruses

26.

This theory describes how archaebacteria and eubacteria joined forces to create this larger cell

a)

chloroplast

b)

red blood cells

c)

streptococcus

d)

eukaryotes

27.
Which question were the scientists trying to answer with this experiment?
a)
Where do cells come from?
b)
How did prokaryotes form cell membranes?
c)
How are biomolecules formed?
d)
What gave rise to the Eukaryotic cell?
28.
The apparatus in the experiment was used to mimic what?
a)
Proteins
b)
Present Earth conditions
c)
Early Earth conditions
d)
Nucleic acids (DNA/RNA)
29.
Miller/Urey and other scientists have shown that:
a)
 Life on early Earth required material from space
b)
Cells survived in the primitive atmosphere
c)
Amino acids could be produced from inorganic molecules 
d)
Simple cells can be produced in a laboratory
30.
Which of the following was probably not present in the atmosphere of the primitive Earth? 
a)
methane
b)
oxygen
c)
water
d)
carbon dioxide
31.
Which statement best describes conditions on early Earth?
a)
hot with volcanic activity and electrical storms
b)
dry land covered with volcanic dust
c)
cold oceans
d)
dark and dusty with abundant water
32.
Which of the following describes what the first life form resembled?
a)
Eukaryotes
b)
Plants
c)
Bacteria
d)
Fungi
33.
Which of the following supports the hypothesis of an “RNA world” on early Earth?
a)
Some RNA molecules are important catalysts in modern cells.
b)
The oldest known fossils contain trace amounts of RNA.
c)
Single-stranded RNA molecules are linear and do not form three-dimensional shapes.
d)
RNA is the primary genetic material of many viruses.  
34.
Why do some scientists believe that RNA, rather than DNA, was the first genetic material?
a)
RNA probably mutated into DNA
b)
RNA has both information storage and catalytic properties.
c)
RNA can replicate more accurately than DNA.
d)
RNA contains uracil in place of thymine.
35.
RNA World Theory states that ...
a)
Life came from RNA
b)
Life came from life
c)
Life came from non living things
d)
Life came from outer space
36.
Which of these are the ingredients NEEDED for life to form?
a)
organic macromolecules
b)
atoms
c)
methane 
d)
inorganic molecules
37.

In a comparison of birds and mammals, the condition of having four limbs is

a)

a shared ancestral character

b)

a shared derived character

c)

a character useful for distinguishing birds from mammals

d)

an example of analogy rather than homology

38.
Which organisms are closely related? 
a)
American badger and leopard
b)
coyote and gray wolf
c)
european otter and leopard
d)
coyote and american badger
39.
Which organism in the table is least closely related to the chimpanzee?
a)
human
b)
grey wolf
c)
tiger snake
d)
monarch butterfly
40.
The two extant species that are closely related to each other are __.
a)
A and B
b)
B and C
c)
C and D
d)
D and E
41.
Which piece of evidence BEST supports the endosymbiotic theory of organelle evolution?
a)
Mitochondria and chloroplast are the same size as present day extant bacteria.
b)
They divide by a process that is similar to meiosis.
c)
Mitochondria and chloroplast both contain DNA and can make their own proteins.
42.
The most precise information to use when making phylogenetic trees is...
a)
morphology
b)
molecular
c)
fossil
d)
synapomorphies
43.
Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the cladogram above?
a)
Species P and Q are equally related to species T.
b)
Species P and T do not share a common ancestor.
c)
Species S evolved from species R.
d)
Species S is more closely related to species T than to species R.
44.

Based on the given cladogram, which organism is the outgroup?

a)

human

b)

chimpanzee

c)

gorilla

d)

orangutan

e)

gibbon

45.

Based on the figure, which organism is most closely related to the polar bear?

a)

black bear

b)

european brown bear

c)

western north american brown bear

d)

asian brown bear

46.

Based on the data given in the table, which two are most closely related?

a)

Human & Gorilla

b)

Gorilla & Orangutan

c)

Human & Chimpanzee

d)

Chimpanzee & Orangutan

47.

Where is the alligator and the frogs most recent common ancestor?

a)

Point A

b)

Point B

c)

Point C

d)

Point D

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