WorksheetsBig Idea 2: Data Questions
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 40mins
A certain programming language uses 4-bit binary sequences to represent nonnegative integers. For example, the binary sequence 0101 represents the corresponding decimal value 5. Using this programming language, a programmer attempts to add the decimal values 14 and 15 and assign the sum to the variable total. Which of the following best describes the result of this operation?
The correct sum of 29 will be assigned to the variable total.
An overflow error will occur because 4 bits is not large enough to represent either of the values 14 or 15.
An overflow error will occur because 4 bits is not large enough to represent 29, the sum of 14 and 15.
A round-off error will occur because the decimal values 14 and 15 are represented as approximations due to the fixed number of bits used to represent numbers.
Which of the following is an advantage of a lossless compression algorithm over a lossy compression algorithm?
A lossless compression algorithm can guarantee that compressed information is kept secure, while a lossy compression algorithm cannot.
A lossless compression algorithm can guarantee reconstruction of original data, while a lossy compression algorithm cannot.
A lossless compression algorithm typically allows for faster transmission speeds than does a lossy compression algorithm.
A lossless compression algorithm typically provides a greater reduction in the number of bits stored or transmitted than does a lossy compression algorithm.
A video game character can face toward one of four directions: north, south, east, and west. Each direction is stored in memory as a sequence of four bits. A new version of the game is created in which the character can face toward one of eight directions, adding northwest, northeast, southwest, and southeast to the original four possibilities. Which of the following statements is true about how the eight directions must be stored in memory?
Four bits are not enough to store the eight directions. Five bits are needed for the new version of the game.
Four bits are not enough to store the eight directions. Eight bits are needed for the new version of the game.
Four bits are not enough to store the eight directions. Sixteen bits are needed for the new version of the game.
Four bits are enough to store the eight directions.
A large spreadsheet contains the following information about the books at a bookstore. A sample portion of the spreadsheet is shown.
An employee wants to count the number of books that meet all of the following criteria.
Is a mystery book
Costs less than $10.00
Has at least one copy in stock
For a given row in the spreadsheet, suppose genre contains the genre as a string, num contains the number of copies in stock as a number, and cost contains the cost as a number. Which of the following expressions will evaluate to true if the book should be counted and evaluates to false otherwise?
(genre = "mystery") AND ((1 ≤ num) AND (cost < 10.00))
(genre = "mystery") AND ((1 < num) AND (cost < 10.00))
(genre = "mystery") OR ((1 ≤ num) OR (cost < 10.00))
(genre = "mystery") OR ((1 < num) OR (cost < 10.00))
A researcher is analyzing data about students in a school district to determine whether there is a relationship between grade point average and number of absences. The researcher plans on compiling data from several sources to create a record for each student.
The researcher has access to a database with the following information about each student.
> Last name
> First name
> Grade level (9, 10, 11, or 12)
> Grade point average (on a 0.0 to 4.0 scale)
The researcher also has access to another database with the following information about each student.
> First name
> Last name
> Number of absences from school
> Number of late arrivals to school
Upon compiling the data, the researcher identifies a problem due to the fact that neither data source uses a unique ID number for each student. Which of the following best describes the problem caused by the lack of unique ID numbers?
Students who have the same name may be confused with each other.
Students who have the same grade point average may be confused with each other.
Students who have the same grade level may be confused with each other.
Students who have the same number of absences may be confused with each other.
A team of researchers wants to create a program to analyze the amount of pollution reported in roughly 3,000 counties across the United States. The program is intended to combine county data sets and then process the data. Which of the following is most likely to be a challenge in creating the program?
A computer program cannot combine data from different files.
Different counties may organize data in different ways.
The number of counties is too large for the program to process.
The total number of rows of data is too large for the program to process.
A student is creating a Web site that is intended to display information about a city based on a city name that a user enters in a text field. Which of the following are likely to be challenges associated with processing city names that users might provide as input?
Select two answers.
Users might attempt to use the Web site to search for multiple cities.
Users might enter abbreviations for the names of cities.
Users might misspell the name of the city.
Users might be slow at typing a city name in the text field.
The owner of a clothing store records the following information for each transaction made at the store during a 7-day period.
> The date of the transaction
> The method of payment used in the transaction
> The number of items purchased in the transaction
> The total amount of the transaction, in dollars
Customers can pay for purchases using cash, check, a debit card, or a credit card.
Using only the data collected during the 7-day period, which of the following statements is true?
The average amount spent per day during the 7-day period can be determined by sorting the data by the total transaction amount, then adding the 7 greatest amounts, and then dividing the sum by 7.
The method of payment that was used in the greatest number of transactions during the 7-day period can be determined by sorting the data by the method of payment, then adding the number of items purchased for each type of payment method, and then finding the maximum sum.
The most expensive item purchased on a given date can be determined by searching the data for all items purchased on the given date and then sorting the matching items by item price.
The total number of items purchased on a given date can be determined by searching the data for all transactions that occurred on the given date and then adding the number of items purchased for each matching transaction.
A user wants to save a data file on an online storage site. The user wants to reduce the size of the file, if possible, and wants to be able to completely restore the file to its original version. Which of the following actions best supports the user’s needs?
Compressing the file using a lossless compression algorithm before uploading it
Compressing the file using a lossy compression algorithm before uploading it
Compressing the file using both lossy and lossless compression algorithms before uploading it
Uploading the original file without using any compression algorithm
A company uses the pictured data files. A new rechargeable battery pack is available for products that use AA batteries. Which of the following best explains how the data files in the table can be used to send a targeted e-mail to only those customers who have purchased products that use AA batteries to let them know about the new accessory?
Use the customer IDs in the purchases file to search the customers file to generate a list of e-mail addresses
Use the product IDs in the purchases file to search the products file to generate a list of product names that use AA batteries
Use the customers file to generate a list of customer IDs, then use the list of customer IDs to search the products file to generate a list of product names that use AA batteries
Use the products file to generate a list of product IDs that use AA batteries, then use the list of product IDs to search the purchases file to generate a list of customer IDs, then use the list of customer IDs to search the customers file to generate a list of e-mail addresses
Which of the following are true statements about the data that can be represented using binary sequences?
I. Binary sequences can be used to represent strings of characters.
II. Binary sequences can be used to represent colors.
III. Binary sequences can be used to represent audio recordings.
I only
I and II only
II and III only
I, II, and III
Consider the 4-bit binary numbers 0011, 0110, and 1111. Which of the following decimal values is NOT equal to one of these binary numbers?
3
6
9
15
A database of information about shows at a concert venue contains the following information.
> Name of artist performing at the show
> Date of show
> Total dollar amount of all tickets sold
Which of the following additional pieces of information would be most useful in determining the artist with the greatest attendance during a particular month?
Average ticket price
Length of the show in minutes
Start time of the show
Total dollar amount of food and drinks sold during the show
The position of a runner in a race is a type of analog data. The runner’s position is tracked using sensors. Which of the following best describes how the position of the runner is represented digitally?
The position of the runner is determined by calculating the time difference between the start and the end of the race and making an estimation based on the runner’s average speed.
The position of the runner is measured and rounded to either 0 or 1 depending on whether the runner is closer to the starting line or closer to the finish line.
The position of the runner is predicted using a model based on performance data captured from previous races.
The position of the runner is sampled at regular intervals to approximate the real-word position, and a sequence of bits is used to represent each sample.
A camera mounted on the dashboard of a car captures an image of the view from the driver’s seat every second. Each image is stored as data. Along with each image, the camera also captures and stores the car’s speed, the date and time, and the car’s GPS location as metadata. Which of the following can best be determined using only the data and none of the metadata?
The average number of hours per day that the car is in use
The car’s average speed on a particular day
The distance the car traveled on a particular day
The number of bicycles the car passed on a particular day
A teacher sends students an anonymous survey in order to learn more about the students’ work habits. The survey contains the following questions.
> On average, how long does homework take you each night (in minutes) ?
> On average, how long do you study for each test (in minutes) ?
> Do you enjoy the subject material of this class (yes or no) ?
Which of the following questions about the students who responded to the survey can the teacher answer by analyzing the survey results?
I. Do students who enjoy the subject material tend to spend more time on homework each night than the other students do?
II. Do students who spend more time on homework each night tend to spend less time studying for tests than the other students do?
III. Do students who spend more time studying for tests tend to earn higher grades in the class than the other students do?
I only
III only
I and II
I and III
Consider the following numeric values.
> Binary 1011
> Binary 1101
> Decimal 5
> Decimal 12
Which of the following lists the values in order from least to greatest?
Decimal 5, binary 1011, decimal 12, binary 1101
Decimal 5, decimal 12, binary 1011, binary 1101
Decimal 5, binary 1011, binary 1101, decimal 12
Binary 1011, binary 1101, decimal 5, decimal 12
A large spreadsheet contains information about the schedule for a college radio station. A sample portion of the spreadsheet is pictured.
A student wants to count the number of shows that meet both of the following criteria.
Is a talk show
Is on Saturday or Sunday
For a given row in the spreadsheet, suppose genre contains the genre as a string and day contains the day as a string. Which of the following expressions will evaluate to true if the show should be counted and evaluates to false otherwise?
(genre = "talk") AND ((day = "Saturday") AND (day = "Sunday"))
(genre = "talk") AND ((day = "Saturday") OR (day = "Sunday"))
(genre = "talk") OR ((day = "Saturday") AND (day = "Sunday"))
(genre = "talk") OR ((day = "Saturday") OR (day = "Sunday"))
A programmer is developing software for a social media platform. The programmer is planning to use compression when users send attachments to other users. Which of the following is a true statement about the use of compression?
Lossless compression of video files will generally save more space than lossy compression of video files.
Lossless compression of an image file will generally result in a file that is equal in size to the original file.
Lossy compression of an image file generally provides a greater reduction in transmission time than lossless compression does.
Sound clips compressed with lossy compression for storage on the platform can be restored to their original quality when they are played.
A wildlife preserve is developing an interactive exhibit for its guests. The exhibit is intended to allow guests to select the name of an animal on a touch screen and display various facts about the selected animal.
For example, if a guest selects the animal name “wolf,” the exhibit is intended to display the following information.
> Classification: mammal
> Skin type: fur
> Thermoregulation: warm-blooded
> Lifestyle: pack
> Average life span: 10–12 years
> Top speed: 75 kilometers/hour
The preserve has two databases of information available to use for the exhibit. The first database contains information for each animal’s name, classification, skin type, and thermoregulation. The second database contains information for each animal’s name, lifestyle, average life span, and top speed.
Which of the following explains how the two databases can be used to develop the interactive exhibit?
Only the first database is needed. It can be searched by animal name to find all the information to be displayed.
Only the second database is needed. It can be searched by animal name to find all the information to be displayed.
Both databases are needed. Each database can be searched by animal name to find all information to be displayed.
The two databases are not sufficient to display all the necessary information because the intended display information does not include the animal name.
