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Heredity and Adaptations

Total questions: 25

Worksheet time: 50mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Unlike humans, otters have special flaps that close off their nostrils and ears. These flaps help otters survive in an environment that is -

a)

terrestrial

b)

snowy

c)

windy

d)

aquatic

2.

Newly hatched chicks of many types of birds, such as parrots, are covered in soft, fluffy feathers. These feathers contain many small spaces where air gets trapped. In some animal species, such as Arctic foxes, the fur covering the animal's body consists of hollow strands of hair filled with air. The primary role of the air trapped on the down feathers is most likely to-

a)

act as a cushion to prevent injuries from falls

b)

decrease the amount of energy needed for running or flying

c)

provide a layer of insulation to help control body temperature

d)

supply oxygen to be absorbed through the skin for transport to the lungs

3.

Most kangaroos have large, heavy tails, while spider monkeys have long, thin tails. Kangaroo tails are useful when the kangaroos are hopping and also when they are crawling around on the ground to feed. Spider monkey tails are useful when the spider monkeys are moving through the trees. Both of these animals use their tails primarily for-

a)

grabbing and holding their food

b)

supporting and balancing their body

c)

attracting the attention of other animals

d)

carrying their young

4.

A student raises a parrot from the time it hatches. Which of these behaviors did the parrot most likely learn from living in the student's home?

a)

The parrot flaps its wings while sitting on a perch.

b)

The parrot has a loud scream that hurts the student's ears.

c)

The parrot imitates the family dog barking.

d)

The parrot tucks its head under its wing when it sleeps.

5.

A bright-red male cardinal comes to a school bird feeder every morning. Like other cardinals, this bird makes a sharp chirping sound as it hops around the bird feeder. Which of these is a learned behavior of this bird?

a)

Having red feathers

b)

Eating seeds during the day

c)

Coming to the bird feeder each morning

d)

Making a chirping sound

6.

A family takes a group picture in a park where bluebonnets are blooming. The family notices that some of the blooms are white and others are blue. The color of the blooms is most likely determined by-

a)

air temperature

b)

the age of the plant

c)

the types of consumers that eat the plant

d)

inheritance from parent plants

7.

A group of students visited a park and collected leaves from many different trees in order to study them. They recorded their observation about the leaves. Which of these observations does NOT describe an inherited trait?

a)

The leaves vary in shape and size.

b)

Some leaves have holes made by insects chewing on them.

c)

Some leaves are smooth on one side and rough on the other.

d)

The colors of the leaves range from light green to dark green.

8.

Which of these is a behavior that a person learns rather than inherits?

a)

Swallowing a sweet liquid

b)

Having a pleasant dream

c)

Digesting a chocolate-covered strawberry

d)

Identifying the scent of a rose

9.

Some traits of living organisms are inherited, while some behaviors must be learned. Which statement related to inherited traits or learned behaviors is NOT correct?

a)

The ability of a figure skater to spin on ice is related to both inherited traits and learned behaviors.

b)

The ability of lions to use camouflage to hide in grassy fields is an inherited trait only.

c)

The number and type of legs a cricket has is an inherited trait only.

d)

The behavior of a dog guiding a blind person on a walk through a neighborhood is an inherited trait only.

10.

Which of these is a learned behavior of a dog?

a)

Begging for food

b)

Drinking water

c)

Panting on a hot day

d)

Chewing on a bone

11.

Some animals have fur that is dark for part of the year and white for part of the year. This adaptation would be an advantage to animals that live in an environment with-

a)

heavy rains for most of the year

b)

seasons that include a snowy winter

c)

a very hot and dry climate

d)

many forests with tall trees

12.

All of the following adaptations help plants, like the cactus, survive in the hot, dry conditions of a desert EXCEPT –

a)

growing tall over many years

b)

a thick, waxy outer coating

c)

the ability to store water

d)

spines to protect from animals

13.

Which of the following adaptations of a cow helps it to survive by allowing it to eat and digest large amounts of grass?

a)

long, thick tail it can swing about

b)

large, brown eyes with long lashes

c)

wide, flat teeth and four stomachs

d)

tough, divided hooves and strong legs

14.

Some birds have large, sharp claws and beaks. These birds most likely eat-

a)

small animals

b)

tall grasses

c)

pond microorganisms

d)

tiny insects

15.

Which adaptation of a frog most helps it to capture insects to eat?

a)

Croaking sound

b)

Sticky tongue

c)

Laying eggs

d)

Smooth skin

16.

Some bears have thick layers of fat and fur that help to keep them warm. These adaptations are best suited to an environment that is-

a)

dry

b)

cold

c)

dark

d)

windy

17.

All of the following would be adaptations that would be an advantage in a hot, dry desert habitat EXCEPT-

a)

being active at night

b)

getting water from plants

c)

hunting other animals

d)

digging burrows underground

18.

Which of the following is an instinctive behavior that an animal could inherit from its parents?

a)

A raccoon taking lids off of trash cans to find food

b)

A dog barking loudly when the doorbell rings

c)

A seal balancing a ball on the end of its nose

d)

A bee flying from flower to flower to get nectar

19.

Which of the following is a learned behavior?

a)

A turtle laying its eggs on the beach

b)

A dog retrieving a stick for its owner

c)

A bird migrating south for the winter

d)

A baby chick cracking open its shell

20.

All of the following can be inherited by the offspring of an apple tree EXCEPT-

a)

shape of leaves

b)

broken branches

c)

type of fruit

d)

flower color

21.

Which of these is a learned trait that a bear could acquire during its lifetime?

a)

Taking food from human campsites

b)

Having an excellent sense of smell

c)

Growling when there is danger

d)

Hibernating during the winter

22.

All of the following are inherited traits in a coyote EXCEPT-

a)

growing tan fur

b)

having sharp teeth

c)

seeing well

d)

recognizing traps

23.

Which of the following characteristics did a horse most likely inherit from its parents?

a)

Torn ear

b)

Brown coat

c)

Broken tooth

d)

Scar on its back

24.

Chimpanzees are born with some inherited traits but learn others as they move around in their environment. Which of the following traits could a chimpanzee learn during its lifetime?

a)

Living in larger groups with other chimpanzees

b)

Walking quickly on both arms and legs

c)

Using a stick to dig ants out of the ground

d)

Sleeping at night and hunting during the day

25.

A pet dog often learns many new behaviors during its lifetime. It may learn all of these behaviors EXCEPT-

a)

scratching an itch

b)

begging at the table

c)

rolling over on command

d)

barking when the doorbell rings