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Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, and Law of superposition

Total questions: 32

Worksheet time: 1hrs 4mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Weathering is the__________________.

a)

breaking down of rocks

b)

movement of rocks

c)

deposition of rocks

2.

What process most likely formed the Grand Canyon?

a)

weathering by wind

b)

rain pounding the rocks

c)

erosion by a river (water)

3.

Which of the following is an example of chemical weathering?

a)

animals burrowing

b)

acid rain

c)

abrasion

d)

rocks dissolving

4.
What is the weathering process in which rocks are broken down into smaller pieces (sediments) and do not change the rock composition?
a)
Acid weathering 
b)
Gravity weathering
c)
Chemical weathering
d)
Mechanical weathering
5.
These rocks were broken apart from the continuous freeze/thaw of water in the cracks of the rocks. This is an example of:
a)
ice wedging
b)
acid rain
c)
permeability
d)
abrasion
6.
How is mechanical weathering different from chemical weathering?
a)
Chemical weathering happens over much shorter time frame than mechanical weathering.
b)
Chemical weathering changes the chemical composition of rocks; mechanical weathering does not.
c)
Chemical weathering occurs only in tropical climates; mechanical weathering occurs only in cool climates.
d)
Chemical weathering occurs only in the mountains; mechanical weathering occurs only on flat land.
7.

What is the main agent that causes landslides, mudflows, slumps, and creeps to occur?

a)

water

b)

gravity

c)

ice

d)

wind

8.
Weeds growing into the cracks in a sidewalk and the sidewalk begins to crumble is an example of:
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
9.
A piece of sandstone changing color (from brown to rusty red) from exposure to water and air is an example of:
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
chemical weathering
10.
A cliff formed near the ocean.  Which statement best describes how this cliff formed?
a)
Warm air melted the rock.
b)
Sun rays evaporated the rock.
c)
Ocean waves washed away rock.
d)
Plant roots pushed away the rock.
11.

When the river flows into an ocean or lake the following erosion feature is formed

a)

Alluvial Fan

b)

Delta

c)

Meander

d)

Gully

12.
An avalanche is an example of which process?
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
d)
Volcanic Eruption
13.
Deposition changes the Earth’s surface because bits of broken rock and soil _____.
a)
stop rivers from flowing.
b)
make rich farmlands.
c)
are dropped in new places.
d)
move very slowly.
14.

A river starts as a steep channel in the mountains. It then leaves the mountains and enters a flatter area of land. It meanders across a plain and then enters the ocean. Which of the following actions causes the deposition of sand at a delta?

a)

River water slowing as it enters the ocean

b)

Saltwater and freshwater mixing together

c)

Ocean waves transporting sand toward the land

d)

Ocean water slowing as it reaches the coast

15.

Wind erosion of soil can be reduced by

a)

Planting trees along the edges of fields

b)

Planting crop rows parallel to the land contours

c)

Flattening hill slopes into terraces

d)

Building dams in streams

16.

Which agent of erosion could cause these rocks to have a smooth, round appearance such as those in the picture?

a)

ice

b)

wind

c)

water

d)

gravity

17.

Emily used a tray filled with dirt as a model of a stream. Emily poured water into the top of the tray and observed how much erosion happened. Emily then increased the slope of the tray and repeated the experiment.

What would happen when the slope of the tray increased?

a)

The speed of the water and the amount of erosion would increase

b)

The speed of the water and the amount of erosion would decrease

c)

The speed of the water would increase, while the amount of erosion would decrease

d)

The speed of the water would decrease, while the amount of erosion would increase

18.

What happens when a stream slows down?

a)

The stream picks up larger particles

b)

The stream has more energy for erosion

c)

The stream picks up more sediment

d)

The stream deposits sediment

19.

Over millions of years, the shape of mountains on Earth's surface can change to low hills and then rolling plains. These changes are most likely caused by-

a)

Folding and faulting

b)

Volcanoes and Earthquakes

c)

Human activity

d)

Weathering and Erosion

20.

What is one mass movement that occurs quickly from weathering, erosion, and deposition?

a)

landslides or mudslide

b)

mountain building

c)

creeps

d)

formation of caves

21.

The Law of Superposition helps scientists to determine what?

a)

The absolute age of rock layers

b)

The age of fossils

c)

The relative age of rock layers

d)

the super powers of squirrels

22.
Which rock layer in the diagram seems to be the oldest?
a)
F
b)
E
c)
B
d)
A
23.
Which rock layer most likely contains fossils of the most recently evolved organisms?
a)
4
b)
3
c)
1
d)
2
24.
Which fossil is relatively the oldest?
a)
Trilobite
b)
Ammonite
c)
Crinoid
d)
Gastropod
25.
Which animal is the youngest in site 1?
a)
bird
b)
ammonite 
c)
shell
26.
Put the layers in order from oldest to youngest.
a)
a, b, c, d, e
b)
b, c, d, a, e
c)
b, c, d, e, a 
d)
e, d, c, b, a
27.
Which of these rock layers is relatively the newest?
a)
Kaibab formation
b)
Zoraster Granite
c)
Redwall limestone
d)
Unkar group
28.
The best index fossils have which two traits?
a)
widespread geographically, long lifespan
b)
widespread geographically, short lifespan
c)
specific place, long lifespan
d)
specific place, short lifespan
29.

the number of years that have passed since the rock was formed, such as, "this basalt layer is 1000 years old +/- 20 years".

a)

absolute age

b)

law of superposition

c)

relative age

d)

unconformity

30.
What is the elevation of point B? (Contour interval is 100m)
a)
800 ft
b)
850 ft
c)
900 ft
d)
1000 ft
31.
A mountaineer is planning an expedition. He wants to follow the easiest possible path, which means he needs to find the most gentle slope up the mountain. Which route should the mountaineer choose?
a)
Route A
b)
Route B
c)
 Route C
d)
Route D
32.
What is the most likely elevation of the mountain peak? (Contour interval is 100 m)
a)
1550  meters
b)
 1652 meters
c)
1500 meters
d)
1700 meters

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