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Decolonization

Total questions: 77

Worksheet time: 58mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which organization became the main leader of India's independence movement from England?

a)

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

b)

Indian National Congress

c)

United Nations

d)

African National Congress

2.

The All-India Muslim League wanted to break away from India and create another country specifically for Muslims. What's the name of the country?

a)

Pakistan

b)

Calcutta

c)

Afghanistan

d)

Burma

3.

Which option best describes the tactics of Gandhi as the leader of India's independence movement?

a)

militant

b)

disorganized

c)

ineffective

d)

nonviolent

4.

Leader's of India's independence movement like Jawaharlal Nehru thought that India had to

a)

industrialize to gain economic independence from England

b)

stay economically tied to England

c)

ask the U.S. for help to build India's economy

5.

True or false: It's a common theme in world history that, as nations gained more political and economic freedom from colonial powers, new nations faced challenges as they industrialized and experimented with self government.

a)

true

b)

false

6.

Prior to 1947, the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League worked together seeking to end

a)

nonviolence

b)

religious diversity

c)

foreign rule

d)

nonalignment

7.

Mohandas Gandhi’s protests during India’s independence movement were often successful because of his application of

a)

an appeasement policy

b)

civil disobedience

c)

traditional caste beliefs

d)

divide-and-conquer principles

8.

In 1947, India adopted a parliamentary form of government. This event reflects the influence Great Britain had in

a)

ending religious conflict between Muslims and Hindus

b)

introducing Western institutions to India

c)

continuing the caste system in India

d)

preventing the partition of the Indian subcontinent

9.

Why did large numbers of Hindus and Muslims migrate immediately after India gained its independence?

a)

Many jobs were being outsourced overseas.

b)

The government offered housing incentives in newly developed areas.

c)

Religious pilgrimages to neighboring countries were required based on their beliefs.

d)

The subcontinent was divided into countries based primarily on the location of religious majorities.

10.

The original goal of Pan-Africanism was to

a)

demand democratic reforms

b)

encourage ethnic rivalry

c)

promote a united Africa

d)

divide Africa into separate countries

11.

The current political boundaries of African nations have been most influenced by

a)

the topographic features of the continent

b)

the patterns of European colonialism

c)

traditional African language groups

d)

the location of ancient African tribal kingdoms

12.

Which is an accurate statement regarding modern African nations?

a)

Most African nations have rejected membership in the United Nations.

b)

For economic reasons, many African nations have maintained ties with their former colonial powers.

c)

Most African nations are experiencing a decrease in urbanization.

d)

Most African nations are miIitary allies of Russia.

13.

A similarity of the goals of Nelson Mandela and Mohandas Gandhi is that both leaders wanted to

a)

secure political power for the majority of the people

b)

encourage a greater degree of industrialization

c)

improve the economy by expanding governmental control

d)

gain independence from the Soviet Union

14.

One way in which apartheid in South Africa and the caste system in India are similar is that both systems

a)

allowed for educational opportunities

b)

determined roles based on gender

c)

revolved around central religious beliefs

d)

enforced different sets of rules for distinct groups of people

15.

The policy of strict racial separation and discrimination that was implemented in the Republic of South Africa is called

a)

collectivization

b)

apartheid

c)

intifada

d)

communism

16.

Which document is most closely associated with the Arab-Israeli conflict?

a)

Balfour Declaration

b)

Kyoto Protocol

c)

Communist Manifesto

d)

Treaty of Nanjing

17.

Since 1948, a major reason for the conflict between Arabs and Israelis is that each side

a)

wants the huge oil reserves that lie under the disputed land

b)

believes that the United States favors the other side in the conflict

c)

claims sovereignty over the same land

d)

seeks to control trade on the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea

18.

What year did China become Communist?

a)

1942

b)

2015

c)

1949

d)

1977

19.

What was the name of the first Communist leader of China?

a)

Deng Xiaoping

b)

Mao Zedong

c)

Mohandas Gandhi

d)

Drake

20.

What program did Mao Zedong put in place in 1958 to strengthen the economy using farmers living in communes?

a)

Salt March

b)

Cultural Revolution

c)

Great Leap Forward

21.

In China there was a time when Mao wanted to eliminate anyone that criticized his government. What is this time called?

a)

Long March

b)

The Middle Way

c)

The Great Leap forward..

d)

The Cultural Revolution

22.

What is the name of the army of young students that Mao used to enforce policies in the 1960's?

a)

The Red Guard

b)

The Kuomintang

c)

The great Collective

d)

The Alliance for Progress

23.

Which jobs did Mao think would lead China to become most prosperous?

a)

farmers and workers

b)

students and teacher

c)

military and scientific

d)

businessmen and managers

24.
Which two countries tried to gain control over Iran for the better part of the 19th century?
a)
Britain and Russia
b)
The USA and Iraq
c)
The USA and Russia
d)
Britain and France
25.

Who became Supreme Leader of Iran after the First World War?

a)

Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi

b)

Reza Pahlavi

c)

Grand Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini

d)

Mulla Sadra

26.

_______ was the last Shah of Iran.

a)

Muhammad Mossadegh

b)

Ayatollah Ruhollah Khimeini

c)

Ali Khamenei

d)

Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi

27.

Who threatened British access to Iran’s oil by nationalising it?

a)

Saddam Hussein, Leader of Iraq

b)

Ayatollah Khomenei, Islamic Revolutionary

c)

Mohammad Mosaddegh, Iranian Prime Minister

28.

What was the Shah’s attempt to win support of the Iranian people called?

a)

The White Revolution

b)

The Teheran Spring

c)

The Democratic Revolution

d)

The Spring Revolution

29.

Features of the Shah’s ‘White Revolution’ included…

a)

Land reforms

b)

Women permitted the vote

c)

Infrastructure improvements e.g dams

d)

Improvements in literacy

30.

The 1979 Islamic Revolution in Iran was a reaction to the failure of the Shah to...

a)

Modernize the nation's economy

b)

Meet the social and political needs of the people

c)

Establish political ties with Western nations

d)

Supply the military with advanced weapons technology

31.

A major cause of the Islamic Revolution in Iran in 1979 was the concern by Islamic leaders that

a)

Women were being denied political rights

b)

Traditional values were being undermined by Western ideas

c)

Israel had lost its influence in the Middle East

d)

Religious leaders were becoming too powerful

32.

What did Iran become after the Shah was deposed?

a)

A democracy

b)

A theocracy

c)

Communist

d)

An Islamic Republic

33.

Emperor of Ethiopia (r. 1930-1974) and symbol of African independence. He fought the Italian invasion of his country in 1935 and regained his throne during World War II, when British forces expelled the Italians. He ruled Ethiopia as an autocrat.

a)

Kwame Nkrumah

b)

Haile Selassie

c)

Charles de Gaulle

d)

Ho Chi Minh

34.

In Africa, a major result of World War II was

a)

an increase in feelings of nationalism

b)

a general decline in the standard of living

c)

an increase in colonization by European nations

d)

a rapid decline in population

35.

One way in which Joseph Stalin’s five-year plans and Mao Zedong’s Great Leap Forward are similar is that both plans were

a)

efforts to reduce human rights violations

b)

policies to improve relations with the West

c)

methods used to control population growth

d)

attempts to increase agricultural and industrial production

36.

What was an immediate result of the Great Leap Forward (1958)?

a)

independence of Kenya from Great Britain

b)

the breakup of the Soviet Union

c)

the relocation of Bosnian refugees

d)

increased famine in China

37.

Which of the following would have NOT been involved in decolonization movements? (6.2.I.B/II.A)

a)

Kwame Nkurma

b)

Jomo Kenyatta

c)

Ho Chi Mihn

d)

Mustafa Ataturk

38.
The boundaries of new African countries were often based upon what?
a)
existing tribal settlement patterns
b)
divisions imposed under European imperialism
c)
Mandates created by the United Nations
d)
Location of natural resources. 
39.
Kwame Nkrumah in Ghana supported
a)
Africans joining the British military
b)
migration of Africans to industrialized nations
c)
foreign aid to help African countries
d)
independence movements in Africa. 
40.
The term "Decolonization" refers to . . . 
a)
The European powers trading colonies because to other countries because they could no longer afford to maintain them
b)
The process by which the European powers helped their colonies to gradually become self-sufficient and able to manage their own affairs
c)
The process by which colonies were lost during World War II
d)
The process by which colonies obtained their independence after World War II
41.
This man was a general in the Egyptian army and the leader of the pan-Arab movement.
a)
Nelson Mandela
b)
Golda Meir
c)
Gamal Nasser
d)
Nasser al-Sanai
42.

Why did large numbers of Hindus and Muslims migrate immediately after India gained its independence?

a)

Many jobs were being outsourced

overseas.

b)

The government offered housing

incentives in newly developed areas.

c)

Religious pilgrimages to neighboring countries were required based on their beliefs.

d)

The subcontinent was divided into countries based primarily on the location of religious majorities.

43.
Why did a wave of decolonization and independence movements occur across Africa and Asia after World War II?
a)
Imperial nations realized that they were being unjust to the colonies 
b)
Colonies obtained advanced weaponry which allowed them to fight back against their colonizers
c)
WWII had been fought against imperialism and discredited the idea of Empire.
d)
The treaty signed by all major leaders forced countries to grant independence to their colonies
44.
What was a consequence of the United Nations' partition of Palestine?
a)
The Treaty of Versailles
b)
The Arab-Israeli War 
c)
The Cold War
d)
The Potsdam Agreement
45.

In the 1940s, the leadership of the Indian National Congress and the leadership of the Muslim League supported the goal of

a)

helping the British fight World War II

b)

removing British control from the Indian subcontinent

c)

abolishing caste distinctions and discrimination

d)

establishing a unified government based on religious teachings

46.

A negative effect of the partitioning of India in 1947 was that

a)

foreign rule was reestablished in India

b)

Hinduism became the only religion practiced in India

c)

the government policy of nonalignment further divided Indian society

d)

civil unrest, territorial disputes, and religious conflicts continued throughout the region

47.

The actions of Jomo Kenyatta, Kwame Nkrumah, Léopold Senghor, and Julius Nyerere were most closely associated with

a)

a rise in nationalism in several African countries

b)

the end of apartheid in South Africa

c)

a resurgence of colonialism in east Africa

d)

the revival of Islam in northern Africa

48.

Some African nations have maintained close relationships with their former colonial rulers primarily because

a)

economic and cultural ties remain strong

b)

African leaders are unwilling to tackle problems on their own

c)

outside nations do not provide assistance to African nations

d)

most Africans want to keep their dual citizenship

49.

A similarity of the goals of Nelson Mandela and Mohandas Gandhi is that both leaders wanted to

a)

secure political power for the majority of the people

b)

encourage a greater degree of industrialization

c)

improve the economy by expanding governmental control

d)

gain independence from the Soviet Union

50.
A major goal of the Hutu-led regime in Rwanda in 1994 was to-
a)
Eliminate Tutsi minority
b)
Promote ethnic tolerance
c)
Align with the Soviet Union
d)
Strengthen ties with Belgium 
51.
Who became the first black president in South Africa?
a)
Nelson Mandela
b)
Barack Obama
c)
FW de Klerk
d)
Winnie Mandela
52.
What was NOT a lasting effect of colonization?
a)
Inexperienced leaders in African countries
b)
Many African countries were undeveloped
c)
Many African economies are based on agriculture
d)
Many African nations thrived after independence
53.
What was NOT a reason most colonies were given their independence after WWII?
a)
It was hypocritical to have colonies
b)
Most colonists fought alongside their European rulers
c)
Most European countries were in serious debt
d)
European countries were looking to take over new territories
54.
When the British left India, the country was divided into two nations:  India and _________
a)
Nigeria
b)
Rwanda
c)
North Korea
d)
Pakistan
55.

The policy of strict racial separation and discrimination that was implemented in the Republic of South Africa is called

a)

collectivization

b)

apartheid

c)

intifada

d)

communism

56.

Which statement best explains why Great Britain and France joined Israel in attacking Egypt when Egypt nationalized the Suez Canal in 1956?

a)

The European nations wanted control of the oil fields around the Suez Canal.

b)

The Suez Canal was an important link between European nations and their Asian trading partners.

c)

Great Britain and France were allies of Israel, which had originally controlled the Suez Canal.

d)

Seizure of the Suez Canal indicated Egypt's rejection of democratic principles.

57.

What was one reason India was divided into two nations in 1947?

a)

Differences between Hindus and Muslims created religious conflict.

b)

Indian leaders disagreed about India's role in the UN

c)

Great Britain feared Indian would be too strong

d)

North India became communist and South India became democratic

58.

What Africa nation gained independence from FRANCE after a violent eight year war?

a)

Algeria

b)

South Africa

c)

Egypt

d)

Ethiopia

59.

Who led the fight to free Kenya from British control?

a)

Nelson Mandela

b)

Desmond Tutu

c)

Kwame Nkrumah

d)

Jomo Kenyatta

60.

Who did all of the following:

-nationalized the Suez Canal

-Established a close relationship with USSR

-Built the Aswan High Dam

a)

Abdul Gamal Nasser

b)

Golda Meir

c)

Jomo Kenyatta

d)

Indira Gandhi

61.

Which claim about South Africa in 1991 is best supported by the evidence in these charts?

a)

the Boers outnumbered the British in South Africa

b)

the black population has decreased due to emigration

c)

Asians controlled a greater proportion of income in comparison to their population

d)

whites controlled the largest amount of income

62.
What was one significant impact of the partition of India?
a)
An occupation of East Pakistan by the British army to assist the transition
b)
A large wave of migration of Muslims to India and Hindus to Pakistan
c)
An extension of the British occupation in India to weaken the transition
d)
A large wave of migration of Muslims to Pakistan and Hindus to India
63.
One challenge that faced countries becoming independent was . . .
a)
They owed tribute to the colonial power for their independence 
b)
The countries were now drained of money and resources for their own people
c)
The European powers did not leave the colonies prepared to govern themselves
d)
Once independent, other countries swept in to recolonize them
64.
This man was a general in the Egyptian army and the leader of the pan-Arab movement.
a)
Nelson Mandela
b)
Golda Meir
c)
Gamal Nasser
d)
Nasser al-Sanai
65.

F.W. de Klerk and Nelson Mandela received Nobel Peace Prize for their work to end the

a)

foreign control of the diamond mines

b)

discriminatory policy of apartheid

c)

anarchy in Somalia

d)

Boer War

66.
The guerilla group that was set up as a proxy for Communist North Vietnam was known as ____________
a)
Viet Minh
b)
Viet Cong
c)
Viet Mong
d)
Viet Gon
67.
This event was regarded as the turning point that led the US government to reconsider their involvement in the Second Indochina War.
a)
Tet Offensive
b)
Gulf of Tonkin Incident
c)
Saigon Defeat
d)
Storming of the Independence Palace
68.
After WWII, the newly created UN awarded Palestine to:
a)
The Jews
b)
Two states, both Jews and Palestinians
c)
The Palestinians
d)
The British
69.

What is the term to describe the movement promoting the establishment of a Jewish homeland?

a)

Judaism

b)

Nationalism

c)

Zionism

d)

Isolationism

70.

What two countries signed the Camp David Accords?

a)

Russia and USA

b)

England and France

c)

Spain and Mexico

d)

Israel and Egypt

71.

chairman of the PLO beginning in 1969; oversw the group as it carried out numerous attacks against Israel

a)

Golda Meir

b)

Anwar Sadat

c)

Yasir Arafat

d)

Nicolae Ceausescu

72.

Why was there an oil embargo on the U.S by OPEC?

a)

U.S sided with Egypt & OPEC sided with Israel in the Yom Kippur War

b)

OPEC sided with Egypt & U.S sided with Syria in the Yom Kippur War

c)

OPEC sided with Israel & U.S sided with Syria in the Yom Kippur War

d)

U. S sided with Israel & OPEC sided with Egypt & Syria in the Yom Kippur War

73.

When was the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) founded?

a)

1949

b)

1958

c)

1964

d)

1969

74.
What was the purpose of the PLO? 
a)
to form a military alliance 
b)
to form a trading partnership
c)
to promote terrorism
d)
to Liberate Palestine land from Jews
75.

The countries that made up French Indochina were...?

a)

Cambodia, Vietnam and Laos

b)

Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam

c)

Laos, Thailand and Cambodia

d)

Thailand, Laos and Vietnam

76.

Tick the THREE things the Khmer Rouge did in Cambodia

a)

Improved the standard of living

b)

Abolished money (currency)

c)

Created a man-made famine

d)

Executed the educated

77.

The Kashmir conflict make a way to lead the __________ war

a)

Muslim-Pakistani

b)

Chinese-Indo

c)

Indo-Pakistani

d)

Hindu-Kashmir