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WorksheetsAP CSP Review
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 2hrs 31mins
What two numbers do we use in binary?
-1 & 0
2 & 1
1 & 0
4 & 0
What number does 110 represent in binary?
6
3
8
12
How would you represent the number 5 in binary?
10
100
101
110
What base is binary in?
2
4
1
7
Latency
The number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time. e.g. 8 bits/sec.
Time it takes for a bit to travel from its sender to its receiver.
A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices.
A way of representing information using only two options
Protocol
A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices.
A number assigned to any item that is connected to the Internet.
Having multiple backups to ensure reliability during cases of high usage or failure.
A type of computer that forwards data across a network
What is the 4-bit binary number for the decimal number ten (10)?
0010
1010
0110
0101
What is the minimum number of bits you would need to encode the 26 letters of the alphabet plus a space – a total of 27 characters?
7 BITS
6 BITS
5 BITS
4 BITS
A video-streaming Web site uses 32-bit integers to count the number of times each video has been played. In anticipation of some videos being played m ore times than can be represented with 32 bits, the Web site is planning to change to 64-bit integers for the counter. Which of the following best describes the result of using 64-bit integers instead of 32-bit integers?
2 times as many values can be represented
32 times as many values can be represented
2^32 times as many values can be represented
32^2 times as many values can be represented
A programmer completes the user manual for a video game she has developed and realizes she has reversed the roles of goats and sheep throughout the text. Consider the programmer’s goal of changing all occurrences of “goats” to “sheep” and all occurrences of “sheep” to “goats”. The programmer will use the fact that the word “foxes” does not appear anywhere in the original text.
Which of the following algorithms can be used to accomplish the programmer’s goal?
First, change all occurrences of “goats” to “sheep”
Then, change all occurrences of “sheep” to “goats”
First, change all occurrences of “goats” to “sheep”
Then, change all occurrences of “sheep” to “goats”
Last, change all occurrences of “foxes” to “sheep”
First, change all occurrences of “goats” to “foxes”
Then, change all occurrences of “sheep” to “goats”
Last, change all occurrences of “foxes” to “sheep”
First, change all occurrences of “goats” to “foxes”
Then, change all occurrences of “foxes” to “sheep”
Last, change all occurrences of “sheep” to “goats”
Which of the following statements are true about routers and routing on the Internet? (Choose two)
Protocols ensure that a single path between two computers is established before sending packets over it
Routers are hierarchical and the “root” router is responsible for communicating to sub-routers the best paths for them to route internet traffic
A packet traveling between two computers on the Internet may be routed many times along the way or even lost or “dropped”
Routers act independently and route packets as they see fit
From the list provided choose the two (2) answers that correctly describe which Internet protocol relies on the other. For example: if protocol A relies on protocol B, it means that A is a higher level protocol than B, and thus protocol B must exist and work properly in order for protocol A to do its job.
TCP/IP relies on HTTP
HTTP relies on TCP/IP
DNS relies on TCP/IP
TCP/IP relies on DNS
The following question uses a robot in a grid of squares. The robot is represented as a triangle, which is initially in the bottom left square of the grid and facing right.
Consider the code segment, which moves the robot in the grid.
Which of the following shows the location of the robot after running the code segment
Which of the following programs is most likely to benefit from the use of a heuristic?
A program that calculates a student's grade based on the student's quiz and homework scores.
A program that encrypts a folder of digital files
A program that finds the shortest driving route between two locations on a map.
A program that sorts a list of numbers in order from least to greatest.
Which of the following has the greatest potential for compromising a user's personal privacy?
A group of cookies stored by the user's Web Browser
The IP address of the user's computer
The user's email address
The user's public key used for encryption
when a cellular telephone user places a call. The carrier transmits the caller's voice as well as the voice of the person who is called. The encoded voices are the data of the call. In addition to transmitting the data, the carrier also stores metadata. The metadata of the call include information such as the time the call is placed and the phone numbers of both participants. For which of the following goals would it be more useful to computationally analyze the metadata instead of the data?
I. To determine if a caller frequently uses a specific word
II. To estimate the number of phone calls that will be placed next Monday between 10:30 AM and noon.
III To generate a list of criminal suspects when given the telephone number of a known criminal.
I only
II only
II and III only
I, II, and III
Which of the following best describes a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack?
An attempt by a country to deny its citizens access to the Internet.
An attempt to deny users access to a Web site's resources by flooding the Web site with requests from multiple systems.
An attempt by one user to deny service to another by posting material on a social network.
An attempt by a user of the Internet to get private information from a secure database.
Which of the following is least likely to indicate a phishing attack?
An email from your bank asks you to call the number on your card to verify a transaction.
An email from a merchant asks that you click on a link to reset your password.
An email from a utility company asks you to enter your date of birth and social security number for verification purposes.
An email that indicates you have won a large sum of money and asks you to enter your bank account number so that money can be transferred to you.
Which of the following activities poses the greatest personal cybersecurity risk?
Making a purchase at an online store that uses public key encryption to transmit credit card information.
Paying a bill using a secure electronic payment system.
Reserving a hotel room by emailing credit card information to the hotel.
Withdrawing money from a bank using an automated teller machine.
______ encryption is a method of encryption involving one key for both encryption and decryption
Symmetric
Asymmetric
Public key
SSL
In public key cryptography, the sender uses the recipient's public key to encrypt a message. Which of the following is needed to decrypt the message?
The sender's public key
The sender's private key
The recipient's public key
The recipient's private key
What are brute-force attacks?
Attacks that use frequency analysis to break passwords
Attacks that check each possible solution to break encrypted data
Attacks against DNS servers to enable DDOS attacks
Attacks on firewalls to gain access to a company's sensitive data
What is a symmetric key used for?
Sending and receiving information from the web
Encrypting data
Decrypting data
Encrypting and decrypting data
What is the most common way computer viruses are spread?
By people clicking on an infected file
From pop up ads
Through network worms
From random botnet attacks
What does the s in https refer to?
It's the plural of http - a more robust version of http that runs on multiple channels.
s is for "secure" - a version of http that is encrypted.
s is for "simple" - a simplified version of http that runs faster on modern computers
s is for "standard" - to distinguish the original http from non-standard versions like httpv and httpx
When someone tries to get you to give up personal information through email or a bogus website it is called a: *
DDoS Attack
Phishing Scam
Virus
SSL/TLS layer
What is 20 MOD 15?
0
5
15
20
What is the "key" to a Caesar Cipher that someone needs to know (or discover) to decrypt the message?
A secret word only know by Caesar.
The number of characters to shift each letter in the alphabet.
The letter that occurs most often in the encrypted message.
The day of the month that the encrypted message was sent
Which of the following statements best describes the properties of public key encryption?
Public key encryption is an encryption method which relies on separate keys for encrypting and decrypting information.
Public key encryption is a highly secure encryption scheme that in which a single shared key is used by both the sender and receiver of the message.
Public key encryption makes use of certain types of problems which are easier for humans to solve than computers.
Public key encryption makes use of mathematical problems which no algorithm can be used to solve.
When a computer scientist uses the term "Big Data" what do they typically mean?
That a dataset is larger than 5TB which is the common "Big Data" threshold.
That there is so much data it's virtually impossible to process.
There is enough data that traditional data processing applications are inadequate.
It implies that the findings from the data are potentially hugely important for society.
How can financial transactions safely occur on the Internet?
Through the use of symmetric keys
Through certificates issued by Certificate Authorities (CAs) that validate the keys used
Through the use of double authentication methods
The the use of frequency analysis
13 MOD 17= ??
13
4
-4
17
Which unit is the largest?
Megabyte
Terabyte
Gigabyte
Kilobyte
Approximately how much bigger (how many more bytes) is a megabyte than a kilobyte?
1,000 times bigger
100,000 times bigger
1,000,000 times bigger
1,000,000,000 times bigger
Which of the following is a reason to use lossy compression?
You want the compressed file to be larger than the original.
You want the highest quality audio file possible, with no modifications.
You want the highest quality image file possible, with no modifications.
You want to save space and are not concerned if the file is the highest quality possible.
a problem solving approach (algorithm) to find a satisfactory solution where finding an optimal or exact solution is impractical or impossible
Lossless Compression
Heuristic
Lossy Compression
encryption
Which of the following is irreversible?
lossy compression
lossless compression
abstraction
RLI
Which of the file types is an audiofile type?
jpg
mp3
png
csv
An original file is 100 MB, it is compressed to 80 MB (including dictionary). What is its compression rate?
90%
80%
20%
100%
How many bits are needed to represent 8 colors?
8 bits
24 bits
1 hex digit
3 bits
The color widget uses 3 bytes of metadata. The first two bytes indicate the width and height of the image. The next byte indicates the number of bits that will be used to represent color. How many bits is used to represent color given the metadata (in binary) 00001000 00001000 0001001
3 bits
6 bits
9 bits
12 bits
Consider the following three binary numbers:
01010
010000
1110
Which of the following lists the numbers in order from least to greatest?
010000
1110
01010
01010
1110
010000
01010
010000
1110
1110
01010
010000
A raw digital sound file samples a sound wave at some interval and measures the height of the wave at each point. Thus, raw sound is recorded as a list of numbers.
In very broad terms the MP3 audio compression algorithm identifies frequencies and volume levels - low and high - that are outside the range of human hearing and removes the data representing these frequencies from the original. This technique results in a smaller audio file that sounds exactly the same to the human ear.
This technique is an example of what type of compression?
Lossy compression
Lossless compression
Fast Fourier Transform compression
Tailored compression
What is one important naming convention of functions?
A function name should indicate how long the function takes to run.
Two functions with similar behavior should be given identical names to indicate the relationship between them.
A function name should be as descriptive as possible to indicate what the function does.
Function names should be organized alphabetically.
The function name should begin with a number that indicates the order in which it should be executed.
Which of the following will call the function drawStar?
drawStar
drawStar();
function drawStar (){
for(var i=0; i <5; i++) {moveForward(100); turnLeft(36):}}
function drawStar;
function drawStar();
Why are these icons a good use of abstraction?
They tell us what they mean without needing to use the name
They are difficult to understand
They don't explain what they are
Which of the following statements describes a limitation of using a computer simulation to model a real-world object or system?
Computer simulations can only be built after the real-world object or system has been created
Computer simulations only run on very powerful computers that are not available to the general public
Computer simulations usually make some simplifying assumptions about the real-world object or system being modeled
It is difficult to change input parameters or conditions when using computer simulations
