Humanitarian action should maximize the participation of local affected populations in the humanitarian response. In most emergency situations, significant numbers of people exhibit sufficient resilience to participate in relief and reconstruction efforts.

Humanitarian actors may reduce the risk of harm in various ways, such as coordination groups to learn from others and to minimize duplication and gaps in response and designing interventions on the basis of sufficient information.

Activities and programming should be integrated as far as possible. The proliferation of stand-alone services, such as those dealing only with rape survivors or only with people with a specific diagnosis, can create a highly fragmented care system.

In emergencies, people are affected in different ways and require different kinds of supports. A key to organizing mental health and psychosocial support is to develop a layered system of complementary supports that meets the needs of different groups.

The well-being of all people should be protected through the (re)establishment of security, adequate governance and services that address basic physical needs.

The second layer represents the emergency response for a smaller number of people who are able to maintain their mental health and psychosocial well-being if they receive help in accessing key community and family supports.

The third layer represents the supports necessary for the still smaller number of people who additionally require more focused individual, family or group interventions by trained and supervised workers (but who may not have had years of training in specialised care).

The top layer of the pyramid represents the additional support required for the small percentage of the population whose suffering, despite the supports already mentioned, is intolerable and who may have significant difficulties in basic daily functioning.

Include specific social and psychological considerations (safe aid for all in dignity, considering cultural practices and household roles) in the provision of food and nutritional support.

Include specific social considerations (safe, dignified, culturally and socially appropriate assistance) in site planning and shelter provision, in a coordinated manner.

Include specific social considerations (safe and culturally appropriate access for all in dignity) in the provision of water and sanitation.

Provide information to the affected population on the emergency, relief efforts and their legal rights.

Strengthen access to safe and supportive education.

Include specific psychological and social considerations in provision of general health care.

It is the Philippine national institution dedicated to provide flood and typhoon warnings, public weather forecasts and advisories, astronomical, climatological, and other specialized information and services primarily for the protection of life and property and in support of economic, productivity and sustainable development.

If there is a red rainfall advisory, the response would be to

An overflowing of water onto land that is normally dry.

A weak to violent shaking of the ground produced by the sudden movement of rock materials below the earth’s surface.

A service institute of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) that is principally mandated to mitigate disasters that may arise from volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunami and other related geotectonic phenomena.