WorksheetsAICE Marine Final Review #2
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 27mins
What is the proper way to plot points on a graph?
Dots with circles around them
Dots
Xs
Xs with circles around them
What word describes an organism's role in an ecosystem?
Productivity
Community
Niche
Function
A scientist is determining the effect of temperature on feeding rates of snails. Which variables should be held constant?
Salinity
Temperature
pH
The species of snail used
What is one main anthropogenic (from humans) source of nitrogen in the ocean?
Pig farm runoff
Burning fossil fuels
Upwelling
Fertilizer runoff
What gas causes ocean acidification?
Nitrogen
Carbon dioxide
Helium
Oxygen
Which processes below cause the release of energy as heat from a food chain?
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Excretion
Metabolism
Tides are caused by (pick 2)
gravity
the movement of the earth
wind
convection currents
The sun and moon both affect ocean tides. When they are a right angle to each other they create __________ tides.
high
low
spring
neap
A ____________ is a very large ocean wave moving at high speeds.
surf waves
tsunami
surge wave
breaker
There are two phases. Which is the warm phase?
El nino
La nina
Cold water near the poles _______, and warm water near the equator _______, creating a great cycle of movement *
sinks; rises
rises; sinks
Normally, strong trade winds push _______ equatorial waters westward across the Pacific. *
warm
cold
In an El Niño year (ENSO Warm Phase), trade winds diminish and reverse, which makes warm equatorial water flow back east, more storms & rain in E Pacific, and less upwelling, Droughts in W Pacific. *
false
true
La Niña - ENSO Cool Phase (colder than normal) (check all that apply): *
stronge tradewinds
weaker tradewinds
Increased upwelling in eastern Pacific
Increased upwelling in western Pacific
Warm pool stays in western Pacific
What is the name of the outermost solid layer of Earth that includes the crust and upper mantle?
hydrosphere
lithosphere
asthenosphere
outer core
What do these things have in common: Paleomagnetism, seafloor spreading, Pangaea, Pacific hotspots, transform faults... *
They are all used to study earthquakes.
Predicts earthquake activity and warn people of imminent danger.
They were discovered in the Challenger expedition.
They are all associated with plate tectonics.
The mid-ocean ridges are recognized as: *
subduction zones
transform plate boundaries
divergent plate boundaries
convergent plate boundaries
What type of plate boundary is the Mariana Trench located?
convergent
transform
divergent
Where is ocean sediment thickest? *
over continental margins
overactive ocean ridges
Which type of sediment is most subject to erosion?
Boulder
pebble
sand
silt
clay
What sediment size is most likely to settle FIRST after an avalanche?
Gravel
silt
sand
mud
Which of the following organisms can make their own food internally through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis?
autotrophs
heterotrophs
What percentage of energy is passed on to each trophic level?
The rate of production of new biomass through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis
Secondary productivity
Photosynthesis
Primary productivity
Trophic Level
The process of settling down of particles of a solid in a liquid is
Decantation
Filtration
Sedimentation
Sublimation
Weathering and erosion both act on the surface of Earth. In what way is weathering similar to erosion?
both are caused by freezing water
wind and water are agents of both
both move rocks
The average density of continental crust is 2.8 g/cm3 and the average density of oceanic crusts is 3.2 g/cm3. If these two plates came together, what would happen?
The two plates would push apart and form a rift zone.
The oceanic plate would rise up over the continental plate.
The oceanic plate would sink under the continental plate.
The two plates would meet head on and rise up to form mountains.
Why do the fisherman of Peru and South America not welcome a strong El Nino?
El Nino poisons the fish
El Nino causes strong winds and currents which move fish westward
El Nino bring cold water to the surface which kills the base of the food chain
El Nino shuts off upwelling and nutrients needed for the marine food chain do not rise to the surface
This tide has the smallest tidal range:
Neap
Spring
If the highest tide of the day is 4.9 feet, and the lowest tide of the day is 1.2 feet, what is the tidal range for that day?
1.2 ft
4.9 ft
7.1 ft
3.7 ft
A study of the stomach contents of ringed seals found that they included a variety of invertebrate prey: 73
crabs, 55 clams, 47 snails, 32 amphipods and 18 northern krill. Calculate to the nearest whole number, the mean of invertebrates in the seals’ stomachs.
41
45
52
56
A sampling method involving counting of species in frame quadrats placed adjacent to the transect Is?
Mark-release-capture
Line transect
Continuous sampling
Belt transect
Hypothesis
A method to estimate the population size of mobile species is?
Mark-release-capture
Line transect
Continuous sampling
Belt transect
Hypothesis
In the coral - zooxanthellae symbiotic relationship, the zooxanthellae benefits by:
An increased exposure to oxygen needed for photosynthesis
Living in a safe place free of predation
Increased resistance to thermoclines & haloclines
Increased rates of photosynthesis due to living in shallow waters
The symbiotic relationship between the coral and its zooxanthellae is:
Mutualistic
Commensalistic
Parasitic
It's not symbiotic - it's actually a predator/prey relationship!
The symbiotic relationship between the Riftia HTV tube worm and its chemoautotrophic bacteria that live within it is:
Mutualistic
Commensalistic
Parasitic
It's not symbiotic - it's actually a predator/prey relationship!
Which of the following does NOT have anything to do with the formation of currents?
Coriolis effect
Salinity
Productivity
Wind
Which of the following processes cause an oxygen minimum zone at a depth of 500 meters?
Decomposition
Respiration
Photosynthesis
Wind disturbance
Why do warm water currents tend to move along the surface of the ocean?
They have a higher salinity, which makes them less dense
Their temperature makes them less dense, and therefore float
Their temperature makes them more dense, and therefore float
Trick question, warm water currents form deep in the ocean
Hydrothermal vents can form at which boundary type(s):
Transform
Divergent
Convergent
What is the first step in hydrothermal vent formation?
Seawater, by pressure, squeezes into oceanic lithosphere
Seawater, by osmosis, moves into oceanic lithosphere
Hot water dissolves minerals in the crust
Cold mineral rich water touches cold ocean water causing minerals precipitate out
How does molecular motion/spacing change as a gas becomes a liquid?
Molecules speed up and spread out
Molecules slow down and get closer together
Molecules speed up and get closer together
Molecules slow down and spread out
Which of the following molecules is NOT a covalent molecule?
Sulfur dioxide
Water
Glucose
Salt
Why doesn't ice form in the deep ocean?
Water salinity is too high
Pressure prevents ice from forming
Cold water will begin to float before it freezes (becomes less dense when freezing)
Hydrothermal vents keep the deep sea too warm
