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WorksheetsChapter 14 Test Review
Total questions: 29
Worksheet time: 15mins
A trait that confers a reproductive advantage on the individual possessing the trait.
fitness
adaptation
survival trait
He proposed natural selection as the mechanism of evolution.
Wallace
Lamarck
Mathus
Darwin
Which of the following are examples of natural selection at work today?
Antibiotic resistance
Pesticide resistance
graying hair
balding
If a population of rodents had individuals that were more active at night and others that were more active during the day, what would happen over time if a new predator came to their territory that was most active at night?
Nothing. Both types of rodent would still exist in the population.
The population would shift so that most of the individuals were active during the day.
The population would shift so that most individuals were active during the night.
The rodents would go extinct.
Why do some antibiotics become less effective over time?
Our bodies become used to them.
The antibiotic weakens as it is used.
Some bacteria are resistant to the antibiotic and become the dominant members of the population.
Antibiotics work differently depending on your age.
Bats, whales, cats, horses, and humans have limbs formed from the same bones because we have a common ancestor (way way back!). These structures are called ___ structures.
Vestigial
Analagous
Homologous
Anhydrous
Our appendix has no apparent use, so is thought to be a ___ structure, and played a role in our remote ancestors.
vestigial
homologous
analagous
anhydrous
All living things produce proteins use information stored on DNA and mRNA to take that info to the ribosome, and tRNA to bring the amino acids needed to make the protein. This suggests that all life is descended from ___.
bacteria
viruses
a common ancestor
aliens
The fact that organisms that are closely related have very similar genes to produce proteins like hemoglobin that are very similar to each other is ___ evidence that supports evolution.
embryological
structural
genetic
molecular
He observed that species on islands (like finches) are very similar to species on the nearby mainland.
Wallace
Darwin
Lamarck
Hutton
Models that are supported by many observations and much experimental evidence are called:
Theories
Hypotheses
Theorems
Postulates
Anatomical (structural), molecular, and embryological homologies (similarities) each should yield the same _____.
cladogram
degrees of relatedness
tree of life
all of these are correct
Which of these is a requirement for natural selection?
excess numbers of individuals
variation in individuals
heritable traits
all of these are requirements
The breeding of plants and animals for particular traits by humans is called___.
natural selection
sexual recombination
artificial selection
neutral variation
Evolution occurs in ___
individuals
species
populations
communities
That organisms have the capacity to over reproduce is a concept Darwin picked up from reading writings by _____.
Wallace
Malthus
Aristotle
Newton
In natural selection, what determines which individuals survive to pass on their traits?
chance
the environment
sample size
genetic drift
natural selection selects the mot fit ___
genotypes
mutations
phenotypes
heterozygotes
During his voyage around the world, Darwin was inspired to think about evolution by _____.
the works of others such as Lamarck
fossils he collected
studying adaptations of organisms to their environments
the unique organisms he saw in the Galápagos Islands
all of the above
Which of the following is a true statement about Charles Darwin?
He was the first to discover that living things can change, or evolve.
He based his theory on the inheritance of acquired characteristics.
He worked out the principles of population genetics.
He proposed natural selection as the mechanism of evolution.
Which observation does not contribute to the idea that populations evolve?
comparisons of the body structure and patterning among major groups of animals and plants
observations of fossils of different types of organisms buried in distinct layers of Earth
the comparison of early stages of animal development
All of the above observations contributed to the idea that populations evolve.
The major weakness of Darwin's theory (as it existed in 1859) was that it could not explain _____.
why species become extinct
why vestigial structures exist
how advantageous traits are passed to offspring
why different parts of the world have different plants and animals
A group of small fish live in a lake with a uniformly light-brown sandy bottom. Most of the fish are light brown, but about 10% are mottled. This fish species is often prey for large birds that live on the shore. A construction company dumps a load of gravel in the bottom of the lake, giving it a mottled appearance. Which of these statements presents the most accurate prediction of what will happen to this fish population?
The proportion of mottled fish will increase over time.
In two generations, all the fish will be mottled.
There is no way to predict the result.
As the mottled fish are eaten, more will be produced to fill the gap.
Which of the following assumptions was not part of Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection?
Traits are inherited as discrete particles.
Earth is very old.
Populations produce more offspring than their environment can support.
Organisms compete for limited resources.
Organisms vary in heritable ways.
Which one of the following researchers developed a theory of evolution that was very similar to Charles Darwin's?
Lyell
Wallace
Cuvier
Lamarck
Which of the following is not a key point of evolution through natural selection?
Interactions occur between individuals and the environment; therefore, the individual is the smallest unit that can evolve.
Acquired characteristics cannot be passed on to offspring.
An adaptation that is useful in one environment may be detrimental in another.
Which researcher proposed the idea that unused parts of the body will deteriorate?
Darwin
Lamarck
Lyell
Wallace
An adaptation is _____.
an individual's attempt to conform to its environment
a trait that confers a reproductive advantage on the individual possessing it
the cause of natural selection
a trait that is quickly integrated into a population
proposed natural selection as the mechanism of evolution
Lamarck
Darwin
Lyell
Cuvier
