Taxes that would make imported goods cost more than those made locally.

A policy which allowed businesses to operate under minimal government regulation.

A grant by the federal government giving an inventor the exclusive right to develop, use, and sell an invention for a set period of time.

An inventor and creative genius who received more than 1,000 patents for new inventions.

A process for purifying iron resulting in strong, but lightweight steel.

Bridges in which the roadway is suspended by steel cables

Twenty-four zones around the world, one for each hour of the day.

Systems that depended on machinery to turn out large numbers of products quickly and inexpensively.

A form of group ownership in which a number of people share the ownership of a business.

Complete control of a product or service.

An arrangement in which businesses making the same product agree to limit production to keep prices high.

An oil tycoon who make deals with railroads to increase his profits.

A system of consolidating many firms in the same business to lower production costs.

A situation in which companies assign their stock to a board of trustees, who combine them into a new organization.

A steel tycoon who used vertical integration to increase his power.

The practice of gaining control of many different businesses that make up all phases of a product's development

An application of Charles Darwin's work which held that wealth was a measure of ones inherent value and those who had it where the most fit.

Government body set up to oversee railroad operations

A bill passed in 1890 which outlawed any trust that operated "in restraint of trade or commerce among several states."

Small, hot, dark, and dirty workhouses

Communities near workplaces where housing was owned by the businesses and rented out to employees.

Negotiating as a group for higher wages or better working conditions.

An economic and political philosophy that favors public, instead of private, control of property and income.

A labor union that included workers of any trade, skilled or unskilled

The leader of Knights of Labor beginning in 1881 who encouraged boycotts and negotiations with employers

A poor English immigrant who formed the AFL, a skilled workers union in 1886

A loose organization of skilled workers from many unions devoted to specific crafts or trades

A labor protest in Chicago in 1886 that ended in dozens of deaths when someone threw a bomb.

An 1892 Pennsylvania steel workers strike that resulted in violence between company police and strikers.

Leader of the American Railway union who eventually became a socialist.

A nationwide strike in 1894 of rail workers that halted railroads and mail delivery

Southern and Eastern European immigrant who arrived in the U.S. in a great wave between 1880-1920

Third-class accommodations on a steamship, which were usually overcrowded and dirty

Island in New York Harbor that served as an immigration station for millions of immigrants arriving to the U.S.

Immigrant processing station that opened in San Francisco Bay in 1910.

Belief that assimilating immigrants into American Society would make them more loyal citizens

Society in which people of different nationalities assimilate to form one culture.

Belief that native-born white Americans are superior to newcomers

1882 law that prohibited immigration by Chinese laborers

Expansion of cities accompanied by an increase in the number of people living in them.

A person who moves from an agricultural area to a city

Very tall building built with modern materials with steel.

Developer of a safety elevator that made skyscrapers more practical

Public transportation systems that carry large numbers of people

Residential area surrounding a city

A landscape engineer who designed Central Park in New York City, and parks in other major U.S. cities

Mulitstory building divided into apartments to squeeze in as many families as possible

A satirical novelist who wrote about American life in the late 1800s.

Term coined by Mark Twain to describe the post-Reconstruction era which was characterized by a facade of prosperity

Purchasing of goods and services to impress others

Similar consumption patterns as a result of the spread of transportation, communication, and advertising.

An immigrant who became a publisher of sensationalistic newspapers

A competition of Pulitzer's who also published sensationalistic newspapers

A novelist who wrote about characters who succeeded through hard work

Type os show, including dancing, singing, and comedy sketches, that became popular in the late 19th century

Laws that kept blacks and whites segregated

A tax which voters were required to pay to vote

A test given at the polls to see if a voter could read, used to disenfranchise black citizens

A law which allowed a person to vote only if his ancestors had voted prior to 1866, also used to disenfranchise black citizens

The most famous black leader during the late 19th century, he encouraged African Americans to build up their economic resources through hard work

A black leader in the late 19th century who disagreed with Washington and argued that blacks should demand full and immediate equality

An African American teacher who bought a newspaper and embarked on a lifelong crusade against the practice of lynching

A group of Mexican Americans who protested their loss of land in the Southwest by targeting the property of large ranch owners

Helped from the National Women Suffrage Association. She refused to marry because she does not want to be controlled by a man

Supreme Court was that ruled whites and blacks can be separated in public life if the accommodations were equal. (14th Amendment)

A system in which politicians awarded government jobs to loyal party workers with little regard for their qualifications

A system that includes federal jobs in the executive branch

A law passed 1883 that established a Civil Service Commission, which wrote a civil service exam.

Using gold as the basis of the nation's currency

A Minnesota farmer and business man who organized the Grange.

an organization of farmers who joined to learn about new farming techniques, to call for the regulation of railroad and grain elevator rates, and to prompt the establishment of the ICC

A political party formed in 1892 on a platform of silver coinage, government ownership of the railroads, and fighting the corrupt and unresponsive elite

The Democratic nominee for president in 1896, who supported many populist principles including silver coinage, and who toured the country to speak directly to voters.

The Republican candidate for president in 1896, who followed a traditional strategy of letting party workers campaign for him.

Abolishes slavery and involuntary servitude

Grants citizenship to those born or naturalized in the United States, including former slaves, and provides equal protection under the law

Prohibits discrimination in voting rights based on race, colors or previous condition of servitude. (only men can vote)

The right to vote

The right to vote

The deliberate attempt to deny blacks the right to vote. Hint: MS was the best at this

Born a slave in Alabama and said African Americans should, "pull themselves up from their own bootstraps."

Lives in the North as a free man. Attended Harvard University. Thought African Americans should fight for their rights. Doesn't like the burden of equal rights falling on African Americans only.

Movement that believed honest and efficient government could bring about social justice

Socially conscious journalists and writers who dramatized the need for reform

Muckraking author of Shame of the Cities, exposed corruption in urban government

Muckraking photographer and author of How the Other Half Lives, exposed the condition of the urban poor

Belief that following Christian principles could bring about social justice

Community center that provided services for the urban poor

Leader in the Settlement house movement

Allowed voters to select candidates rather than having them selected by party workers

Gave citizens the power to propose laws

Allowed citizens to reject or accept laws passed their legislature

Gave voters the power to remove legislators before their term is up

Founded the National Consumer's League known as the NCL

Labeled and publicized "goods produced under fair, safe, and healthy work conditions."

Campaign to end the production, sale, and use of alcohol.

Opened the first birth control clinic

Helped to fund the National Association for Colored Women.

President of the NAWSA, campaigned to pass women's suffrage at both the state and national levels.

National American Women Suffrage Association

Social activist, led women to picket at the White House.

1919, granted women the right to vote

Effort to replace immigrant customs with white, Protestant, middle-class practices and values

Favored a gradualist approach for blacks to earn rights through economic progress and employment in the skilled trades

Demanded immediate and full rights for blacks as guaranteed by the constitution

Opposed Washington/s approach; favored education in history, literature, and philosophy, not just in the trades

National Association for the Advancement of Colored people, views full legal rights as the only solution to racial discrimination

Organization to assist working class African Americans with relief, jobs, clothing, and schools

Organization to defend Jews and others from false statements, and verbal or physical attacks

Mexican American groups that provided loans, legal assistance, and disability insurance physical attacks.

Energetic Progressive who became the youngest president in 1901.

Roosevelt's program to keep the wealthy and powerful from taking advantage of small business owners and the poor.

Gave the Interstate Commerce Committee power to limit railroad company prices

Gave federal agents power to inspect and monitor the meat packing industry

Gave the federal government the responsibility for insuring food and medicine are safe

California naturalist who advocated for the creation of Yosemite National Park

Forestry official who proposed managing the forests for later public use

Gave the federal government power to decide where and how water would be distributed in western states

Roosevelt's 1912 plan to restore the government's trustbusting power

Roosevelt's party in the 1912 election

Progressive Democrat elected President in 1912

Wilson's program to place strict government controls on corporations

Gave Congress the power to impose on income tax

Placed the national banks under the control of a Federal Reserve Board

Group appointed by the President to monitor business practices that might lead to a monopoly.

Strengthened anti-trust laws by spelling out specific practices in which businesses could not engage

Upton Sinclair's novel, The Jungle, provided a shocking look at....

What led to Progressives working to ensure worker safety was a must?

Who formed the National Woman's Party that was famous for their radical actions to gain suffrage?

Supreme Court ruling that said states could legally limit a woman's workday

The Women's Christian Temperance union grew steadily until the passage of the ____ amendment which banned the sale and production of alcohol in 1919.

Most Progressives were ____ held the racial and ethnic prejudices common in that era

In 1905, ___ and ____ were concerned that all across the South, black men could not vote which led to the Niagara Movement

Coal miners and their families set up a tent city outside Ludlow, Colorado in response to...

Known as the muckrakers. Drew attention to social issues. Resulted in legislative change

Book written by Upton Sinclair that led to the passage of the Meat Inspection Act in 1906

Book written by Lincoln Steffens. Was a naturalist novel

Book written by Ida Tarbell that prompted the passage of federal guidelines related to food. Exposed some of John D. Rockefeller and his company, Standard Oil Company and their questionable business practices

Author that fought against businesses forming a monopoly by taking over smaller companies

A naturalist novel written by Frank Norris. Drew attention to social issues

Events caused by what group?

New York City's Boss Tweed jailed in 1876

The Pure Food and Drug Act passed in 1906

The Supreme Court ruled that Standard Oil Company violated the Sherman Antitrust Act in 1911

Group that brought causes to the public through books/articles which led to legislative change. Their main goal was to expose corruption in businesses and the government. Used Sensationalism to provoke an emotional response/create public outrage

Book by Jacob Riis that exposed the living conditions of the urban poor

Drew attention to working and living conditions for immigrants; standards in the meatpacking industry

Believed sweatshops were NOT the best option for workers due to the harsh conditions

W.E.B. Dubois and Booker T. Washington....

Believed educated African Americans were responsible for achieving equality for everyone

Under which administration was the U.S. Forest Service created?

Kept a close watch on good trusts and monopolies but broke up bad trusts and monopolies

Was strong executive who dominated the government

Gave way to construction and management of dams and reservoirs

Which three ALL believed that government regulation is sometimes necessary for the public good

Which two acts both addressed business practices?

Which amendment allowed people to elect senators directly?

Supreme Court ruling in Standard Oil v United States in 1911 was upheld by the constitutionality of which Act?