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WorksheetsBiology Unit 6 exam
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 2hrs 36mins
A person is taken to the emergency room at Baptist Hospital vomiting, bleeding and with severe diarrhea. He complained of a headache, shortness of breath and body aches. The doctor quickly checked the composition of the patient’s blood plasma, the light-yellow liquid that carries salts and enzymes, and determined he was Based on the patient’s symptoms and doctor’s initial prognosis, how does dehydration affect a person’s blood flow and blood pressure?
The patient’s blood viscosity would increase, causing blood flow to increase and blood pressure to decrease
The patient’s blood viscosity would decrease, causing the blood flow to decrease and the blood pressure to also decrease
The patient’s blood viscosity would decrease, causing the blood flow to decrease and the blood pressure to increase
. The patient’s blood viscosity would decrease, causing the blood flow to decrease and the blood pressure to also decrease
Smoking can cause fatal damage to multiple organ systems. Also, cigarette smoking is thought to constrict peripheral vessels. How does smoking directly affect the cardiovascular system?
Smoking introduces chemicals that cause a delay in the relay signals of neurotransmitters between neurons
Smoking causes vessels to constrict, which decreases the rate at which blood flows through the body
Smoking causes diseases like emphysema, which damages tissues in the bronchioles and esophagus
Smoking introduces carcinogens that can cause cancer of the lungs
Which of these statements best describes how a vaccine can protect a person from an infectious virus?
The vaccine stimulates platelet production, which kills the virus.
A small dose of the weakened virus is given to the patient so that antibodies can form.
The vaccine stimulates chemical blockers that do not allow the virus to enter the bloodstream.
A small dose of the weakened virus is given to the patient in order to prevent cell wall synthesis and repair.
The parts of the female reproductive tract normally include two ovaries, two uterine tubes, a single pear-shaped uterus, and a single vagina. Gamete production is the responsibility of the ovaries, whereas protection and nourishment of the growing embryo and fetus before birth are functions of the uterus. The two uterine tubes, known as fallopian tubes, one from each ovary, provide pathways for the female gametes (eggs) to get from the ovaries to the uterus.
Refer to the figure provided. Identify the structure where fertilization occurs
#1
#2
#3
#4
. A second line of defense is an inflammatory response. It can be activated by the immune system when a pathogen enters the body of a person. The pathogen stimulates an increase in blood flow to the infected area. Blood vessels in that area expand, and white blood cells leak from the vessels to invade the infected tissue. Which of the following pathogens could stimulate this type of inflammatory response?
water entering through the lungs
smoke entering through the eyes
dirt entering through the skin
bacteria entering through a cut on the skin
The image shows the buildup of cholesterol (a lipid molecule small enough to diffuse though the vessel walls) inside blood vessels. Cholesterol forms plaque inside the blood vessel. This condition is known as Atherosclerosis.
What affect would this additional build up have on blood resistance and blood flow
Atherosclerosis decreases resistance which increases blood flow
Atherosclerosis has no impact on resistance and blood flow
Atherosclerosis has no impact on resistance and blood flow
Atherosclerosis increases resistance which decreases blood flow
Sickle cell anemia is an inherited form of anemia — a condition in which there aren't enough healthy red blood cells to carry adequate oxygen throughout your body.
Normally, your red blood cells are flexible and round, moving easily through your blood vessels. In sickle cell anemia, the red blood cells become rigid and sticky and are shaped like sickles or crescent moons. These irregularly shaped cells can get stuck in small blood vessels. How does sickle cell anemia affect the blood flow in a human
It can speed up blood flow of oxygen to parts of the body causing higher blood pressure, higher resistance and higher blood viscosity
It can speed up blood flow of oxygen to parts of the body causing lower blood pressure, lower resistance and lower blood viscosity
It can slow the blood flow of oxygen to parts of the body causing higher blood pressure, lower resistance and higher blood viscosity
It can slow or block blood flow and oxygen to parts of the body causing higher blood pressure, higher resistance and higher blood viscosity
Which of the four answers best identifies the immune response in the diagram provided?
Non-specific defense, Inflammation, Skin
3rd line of defense, Specific defense
Mucous, fever, 2nd line of defense
1st line of defense, Inflammatory response, fever
After an initial infection of the measles virus, B-cells recognize the measles virus in your body. How is this helpful in human immune response?
The B-cells use this recognition to defend the body against the B-cells more quickly recognize and respond to any other virus that invades the body
The B-Cells more quickly recognize the response to any other virus that invades the body
The B-cells produce antibodies more quickly if the measles virus is encountered again
The changing of the shape of red blood cells to a crescent shape decreases resistance and leads to faster blood flow
The rate at which blood flows through the human body changes in response to many factors. Which statement describes one of these factors and its effect on blood flow?
The narrowing of blood vessels decreases pressure and leads to faster blood flow
High blood viscosity increases the resistance in the blood vessels and leads to slower blood flow
Low blood pH decreases the rate of diffusion through the blood vessels and leads to slower blood flow
The changing of the shape of red blood cells to a crescent shape decreases resistance and leads to faster blood flow
During ejaculation, the prostate gland expels an alkaline seminal fluid into the urethra. The alkaline nature of semen counters the acidic environment of the vagina. This protects sperm and prolongs the time in which sperm can be motile in the vaginal tract while on its way to fertilizing an egg if all conditions are right. Which letter points to the prostate and what is its physiological function?
Letter A points to the prostate gland. The prostate gland makes sperm and then expels it as an acidic seminal fluid into the urethra which counters the alkaline environment of the vagina
Letter B points to the prostate gland. The prostate gland expels seminal fluid
Letter C points to the prostate gland. The prostate gland stores the seminal fluid which is used to muscle sperm forward during ejaculation
. Letter D points to the prostate gland. The prostate gland works in conjunction with the Vas Deferens to make sperm which will then be stored in the testes
Interferons play a vital role in the immune system. Why are interferons so important?
Interferons can interfere with viral replication
Interferons can combat bacterial and parasitic infections
Interferons can inhibit cell division
. All the answers above are correct
The male sex organs work together to produce and release semen into the reproductive system of the female during sexual intercourse. The male reproductive system also produces sex hormones, which help a boy develop into a sexually mature man during puberty.
After sperm is produced in the testes, they wag their tails to push themselves into the epididymis where they complete their development. It takes sperm about 4 to 6 weeks to travel through the epididymis to the seminal vesicle. What is an important function of the seminal vesicle?
Keeps sperm for further development before leaving through the vaginal track
Involves the scrotum to keep the sperm warm in the winter and cooler in the hot summers
Involves the fallopian tubes which will allow the sperm to travel to it to fertilize the egg
Secretes fluid that mixes with sperm to facilitate the ejaculation process
. A fertilized egg undergoes several stages before it is successfully implanted. Diagram 2 (female reproductive organs) shows these stages as a fertilized egg travels through the female human reproductive system.
In which if the following structures of the female human reproductive system is a blastocyst implanted during normal human development?
Ovary
Uterus
Vagina
Fallopian tubes
The placenta is the highly specialized organ during pregnancy that supports the normal growth and development of the fetus. The placenta acts to provide oxygen and nutrients to the fetus, while removing carbon dioxide and other waste products.
How may the development of the placenta affect the fetus, if the mother smokes, drinks or ingests non-prescribed drugs while pregnant?
Women who smoke, drink or ingest non-prescribed drugs do not risk much since the placenta has barriers that prevent any unwanted substances from penetrating it and affecting the fetus
Women who drink moderate to heavy amounts of alcohol during pregnancy may damage their placenta which can produce a host of future developmental problems for the unborn
The placenta connects the fetus to the uterine wall early in the development process thus not permitting any damaging substances ingested by the mom from entering the fetus
During development, the placenta can determine what goes in and out through its walls so things that can cause its malfunction are only related to mutations
The immune system is the body's defense against infectious organisms and other invaders. Your immune system works by recognizing the difference between your body’s cells and alien cells, allowing it to destroy anything that could be potentially harmful. Active and passive immunity play an important role in keeping you healthy.
What is the difference between passive and active immunity?
Naturally acquired active immunity occurs when the person is exposed to a live pathogen, develops the disease, and becomes immune while naturally acquired passive immunity occurs during pregnancy, in which certain antibodies are passed from the maternal into the fetal bloodstream
Passive immunity occurs when a person is exposed to a virus and active immunity occurs when the immunity is passed on through breast feeding
Both passive and active immunity are interchangeable
Passive and active immunity are both 1st line of defenses
.For more than 100 years, human geneticists have been studying how variations in genes contribute to variations in disease risk by analyzing DNA. A person inherits a complete set of genes from their parents, as well as a vast array of cultural and socioeconomic experiences from his/her family. Although there are many possible causes of human disease, family history may be a good predictor for common disease complexes such as cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD) diabetes, autoimmune disorders and psychiatric illnesses. Why is family history thought to be important and a good predictor of an individual’s disease risk factor?
Because doctors can determine your family’s risk from your ailments
Because family members most closely represent the unique genomic (DNA) and environmental interactions that individuals experience
So that doctors can know how your 1 st line of defense reacts to antibiotics
It is important to know family history so that a doctor can issue the right antibiotic to prevent cancer
What would most likely happen if structure C was blocked at X
Sperm production would increase
Urine cannot be discharged from the urinary bladder
Sperm could not be transported to the outside of the body
Sex hormones would no longer be produced
The illustration shows four lobes of the human brain. What lobe is designated by label B?
occipital lobe
parietal lobe
frontal lobe
temporal lobe
The diagram below shows parts of the human brain. Some areas of the brain contain several smaller parts. Look at the part of the brain labeled 2 in the diagram. Which of the following correctly describes the part that is labeled as well as the larger section it is part of?
. Label 2 points to the medulla, which is part of the cerebrum.
Label 2 points to the medulla, which is part of the cerebellum
Label 2 points to the frontal lobe, which is part of the cerebrum
Label 2 points to the frontal lobe, which is part of the cerebellum.
