Worksheets05.04 Sub Work
Total questions: 11
Worksheet time: 3hrs 45mins
“After this, they built a kind of house in which they placed their cannon. This structure had a gate facing the city; when they wanted to fıre the cannon, the gate was opened. This was how it was done: when the command was given, the gate was opened, and when the shot had been fıred, the gate was closed again. In front of another gate called Saligaria (Caligaria), they deployed four cannons, three large ones and one small, and standing behind a tower, they dug fıve new tunnels in the direction of the city, reinforcing them with beams. But those inside the city had also begun a tunnel in order to get out, and it happened that the two tunnels met: the Turks had with them cannons and other materials, but those from the city started a fıre and thus burned many Turks.... The Turk who had become governor of Constantinople, named Suleiman in German, occupied the [church] of Hagia Sophia to practice his faith there. For three days the Turks sacked and pillaged the city, and each kept whatever he found, people and goods, and did with them whatever he wished. The division of the booty took place at Adrianople, four days’ march from Constantinople.”
Source: Thomas the Eparch & Joshua Diplovatatzes. “Account of the Taking of Constantinople” 1453
1) The passage above best illustrates which historical development in the period c. 1450 to c. 1750?
Empires began to rely on gunpowder weapons to expand their influence.
Empires began to develop professional militaries to maintain their power.
The use of monumental architecture was used by rulers to legitimize their rule.
Empires used a variety of methods to increase their influence.
“After this, they built a kind of house in which they placed their cannon. This structure had a gate facing the city; when they wanted to fıre the cannon, the gate was opened. This was how it was done: when the command was given, the gate was opened, and when the shot had been fıred, the gate was closed again. In front of another gate called Saligaria (Caligaria), they deployed four cannons, three large ones and one small, and standing behind a tower, they dug fıve new tunnels in the direction of the city, reinforcing them with beams. But those inside the city had also begun a tunnel in order to get out, and it happened that the two tunnels met: the Turks had with them cannons and other materials, but those from the city started a fıre and thus burned many Turks.... The Turk who had become governor of Constantinople, named Suleiman in German, occupied the [church] of Hagia Sophia to practice his faith there. For three days the Turks sacked and pillaged the city, and each kept whatever he found, people and goods, and did with them whatever he wished. The division of the booty took place at Adrianople, four days’ march from Constantinople.”
Source: Thomas the Eparch & Joshua Diplovatatzes. “Account of the Taking of Constantinople” 1453
2) In the second paragraph, which of the following explains why the Ottoman governor occupied the Hagia Sophia?
As the religious center of Constantinople, occupying it and converting it into a mosque would help to legitimize his rule.
It was a symbol that the Ottomans would convert to Christianity to appeal to their new subjects and gain legitimacy.
His desire to shame his enemy due to religious conflicts that existed between the Byzantine Empire and the Ottoman Empire.
Disputes over trade routes always had religious signifıcance. Occupying the Hagia Sophia showed the supremacy of Islam.
“After this, they built a kind of house in which they placed their cannon. This structure had a gate facing the city; when they wanted to fıre the cannon, the gate was opened. This was how it was done: when the command was given, the gate was opened, and when the shot had been fıred, the gate was closed again. In front of another gate called Saligaria (Caligaria), they deployed four cannons, three large ones and one small, and standing behind a tower, they dug fıve new tunnels in the direction of the city, reinforcing them with beams. But those inside the city had also begun a tunnel in order to get out, and it happened that the two tunnels met: the Turks had with them cannons and other materials, but those from the city started a fıre and thus burned many Turks.... The Turk who had become governor of Constantinople, named Suleiman in German, occupied the [church] of Hagia Sophia to practice his faith there. For three days the Turks sacked and pillaged the city, and each kept whatever he found, people and goods, and did with them whatever he wished. The division of the booty took place at Adrianople, four days’ march from Constantinople.”
Source: Thomas the Eparch & Joshua Diplovatatzes. “Account of the Taking of Constantinople” 1453
3) As the Ottomans moved further into Eastern Europe, expanding their empire, how did they gain legitimacy in the eyes of their new subjects in the Balkans?
They recruited elites from their minority Christian subjects to hold positions in government with equal status to Muslims
They built impressive and large mosques to reinforce the pressure on Christians to convert
They built impressive armories near Christian communities to communicate their military might and the need for submission
They were religiously tolerant allowing Christian communities to practice their faith as long as they submitted to Ottoman power
Which of the following explain the Mexica/Aztec use of tribute lists?
Rulers used tribute collection to generate the revenue needed to expand state power
Rulers used art to legitimize their rule
Rulers used religious ideas to consolidate their power
Rulers used the tribute system to legitimize their colonial rule
What innovations allowed the Mexica/Aztec to support their large population?
The mit’a system
The civil service exam
Adopting new staple crops from Africa
Chinampa farming
Which of the following was most responsible for the fall of the Mexica/Aztec?
Resentment of conquered people who joined with the Spanish to fight against the Aztec
The inability of the Mexica to defend themselves against gunpowder weapons
Diseases like smallpox that came to America with the Europeans
The weakness of the Mexica army
“It is [then] only by practicing the true religion that man will prosper in this world and merit eternal life in the other. As to you, Emir Ismail, such a [reward] will not be your lot; because you have denied the sanctity of the divine laws; because you have deserted the path of salvation and sacred commandments;... because under the cloak of the hypocrite, you have sowed everywhere trouble and sedition; because you have raised the standard of irreligion and heresy... the ulama and our doctors have pronounced a sentence of death against you, perjurer and blasphemer, and have imposed on every Muslim the sacred obligation to arm in defense of religion and destroy heresy and impiety in your person and that of all your partisans. We urge you to look into yourself, to renounce your errors, and to march towards the good with a fırm and courageous step; we ask further that you give up possession of the territory violently seized from our state and to which you have only illegitimate pretensions, . . . and if you value your safety and repose, this should be done without delay.”
Source: “Letter to Safavid Shah Ismail (a Shi’a Muslim) from Ottoman Sultan Selim I (a Sunni Muslim)”. 1514, prior to the Battle of Chaldiran.
10) A historian would most likely use the fırst paragraph of this passage as evidence of which of the following?
The influence of Islamic scholars who increasingly questioned political authority
Rivalries intensifıed the split within Islam between Sunni and Shi’a Muslims
Rivalries over trade routes in the Middle East.
Use of religion by the Ottomans to legitimize power their power
“It is [then] only by practicing the true religion that man will prosper in this world and merit eternal life in the other. As to you, Emir Ismail, such a [reward] will not be your lot; because you have denied the sanctity of the divine laws; because you have deserted the path of salvation and sacred commandments;... because under the cloak of the hypocrite, you have sowed everywhere trouble and sedition; because you have raised the standard of irreligion and heresy... the ulama and our doctors have pronounced a sentence of death against you, perjurer and blasphemer, and have imposed on every Muslim the sacred obligation to arm in defense of religion and destroy heresy and impiety in your person and that of all your partisans. We urge you to look into yourself, to renounce your errors, and to march towards the good with a fırm and courageous step; we ask further that you give up possession of the territory violently seized from our state and to which you have only illegitimate pretensions, . . . and if you value your safety and repose, this should be done without delay.”
Source: “Letter to Safavid Shah Ismail (a Shi’a Muslim) from Ottoman Sultan Selim I (a Sunni Muslim)”. 1514, prior to the Battle of Chaldiran.
11) The conflict described in the passage is most similar to which of the following developments c. 1450 to c. 1750?
The rivalry between Hindus and Buddhists in Southeast Asia
Japanese banning of Christianity under the Tokugawa Shogunate
The rivalry between Protestants and Catholics in Europe
The Russian expansion into Siberia to expand their empire.
“It is [then] only by practicing the true religion that man will prosper in this world and merit eternal life in the other. As to you, Emir Ismail, such a [reward] will not be your lot; because you have denied the sanctity of the divine laws; because you have deserted the path of salvation and sacred commandments;... because under the cloak of the hypocrite, you have sowed everywhere trouble and sedition; because you have raised the standard of irreligion and heresy... the ulama and our doctors have pronounced a sentence of death against you, perjurer and blasphemer, and have imposed on every Muslim the sacred obligation to arm in defense of religion and destroy heresy and impiety in your person and that of all your partisans. We urge you to look into yourself, to renounce your errors, and to march towards the good with a fırm and courageous step; we ask further that you give up possession of the territory violently seized from our state and to which you have only illegitimate pretensions, . . . and if you value your safety and repose, this should be done without delay.”
Source: “Letter to Safavid Shah Ismail (a Shi’a Muslim) from Ottoman Sultan Selim I (a Sunni Muslim)”. 1514, prior to the Battle of Chaldiran.
1) The second paragraph demonstrates which of the following developments in the period c. 1450 to c. 1750?
The consolidation of the Islamic world under a single sect of Islam
Political and religious disputes led to rivalries and conflicts between states
Changes in attitudes towards the role of religion in public life
The beginning of religious uprisings against existing leadership to change the social order
The sculpture of Louis XIV best exemplifıes which of the following historical developments c. 1450 to c. 1750?
The growth of European power and the decline of Asian power
The conquest of the Americas
The king’s use of religion and art to legitimize his rule
The king’s use of religion and art to legitimize his rule
The absolute authority of European kings like Louis XIV would be most challenged by which of the following developments?
The Protestant Reformation
The philosophers of the Enlightenment
The social changes brought about by the Industrial Revolution
Imperialism
