WorksheetsContext to critiques of religious beliefs
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 13mins
What was the enlightenment?
An intellectual and philosophical movement of the 1300s, it emphasized reason and science over tradition and religion. Key figures included Kant, Voltaire, smith and Rousseau. It came over a backlash to the power of the Catholic Church and the religious wars in Europe.
An intellectual and philosophical movement of the 1400s,, it emphasized reason and science over tradition and religion. Key figures included Kant, Voltaire, smith and Rousseau. It came over a backlash to the power of the Catholic Church and the religious wars in Europe.
An intellectual and philosophical movement of the 1600s, it emphasized reason and science over tradition and religion. Key figures included Kant, Voltaire, smith and Rousseau. It came over a backlash to the power of the Catholic Church and the religious wars in Europe.
An intellectual and philosophical movement of the 1500s, it emphasized reason and science over tradition and religion. Key figures included Kant, Voltaire, smith and Rousseau. It came over a backlash to the power of the Catholic Church and the religious wars in Europe.
According to westphal, how did the enlightenment change views about god?
It led to a greater focus on religion with a rejection of atheism.
It led to the abandonment of religion and turning toward atheism.
Before the enlightenment thinkers like aquinas argued faith and reason could work together to achieve an understanding of god. The enlightenment led to theism, which rejects divine revelation and says we can only know god through reason and logic.
Before the enlightenment thinkers like aquinas argued faith and reason could work together to achieve an understanding of god. The enlightenment led to deism, which rejects divine revelation and says we can only know god through reason and logic.
What does deism reject?
Revelation and all that comes with it, this is the kernel of religious belief and cannot be discarded, knowledge and understanding of god is the husk of religious belief and is not its true purpose.
The idea of an all loving and all powerful god, god is seen as more like a human.
All of the holy scriptures, they were written by selfish and self interested men.
Revelation and all that comes with it, this is the husk of religious belief and can be discarded, knowledge and understanding of god is the kernel of religious belief and its true purpose.
Who said this? Intelligent design is flawed as flaws in the design point to a flawed creator, the only way to know how the universe came to be would be to go back and watch it
(a)
Who said this? God can’t be known a priori, the idea of a necessary being is flawed as existence is not a predicate. You can’t define a being into existence.
Darwin
Freud
Hume
Kant
What are Schleiermacher’s views?
Revelation is the kernel of belief, god can’t be known through reason or morals as religion is a personal and subjective practice. Belief in god is about having a sense encounter with the divine.
Religious experience is the kernel of belief, god can’t be known through reason or morals as religion is a personal and subjective practice. Belief in god is about having a sense encounter with the divine.
Religious experience is the husk of belief and can be discarded. God can’t be known through reason or morals as religion is a personal and subjective practice. Belief in god is about having a sense encounter with the divine.
Marx claimed religion is used by the—to legitimize inequality and control the proletariat. It is the opioid of the people and for society to progress, it must be abolished, it is a social phenomenon that will be overcome in time.
(a)
Freud said religion stems from our—explained by the oedepus complex. It is an illusion based on wish fulfillment, it helps us to overcome feelings of helplessness, but can’t provide true fulfillment.
(a)
Give three criticisms of Freud
Ignores religions with female deities or no deity at all.
God could still exist objectively.
Fails to prove that Christians and theists share an inter subjective psychosis.
Oedipus complex is outdated and doesn’t work with modern family structures.
What are the three forms of atheism?
Weak- entails an absence of a belief in god.
Strong- one who believes they know that god does not exist.
Strong- one who hates theism.
Agnostic- one who says I don’t know.
What is Dawkins’ main argument in the god delusion?
Religion is dangerous, it stops humanity from progressing, science has proven that belief in god is mistaken.
Religion helps to legitimize inequality and stop the poor from rising up.
God is created owing to our unconscious desire for a father figure.
What else does dawkins argue in the god delusion?
It leads to violence.
Religon is the enemy of science and is incompatible with it.
Agnosticism is an untenable as theism as it’s clear god does not exist.
Proving god through reason is a mere word game, the universe was not created by a grand designer.
What else does dawkins argue?
The idea that the universe is fine tuned is illogical, cosmological constants don’t rule out chance, we are simply very lucky to be here.
Relgion only impacts people with low levels of intelligence.
Scriptures are pure fiction Religion is opposed to morality, condoning immoral actions and violence.
Religious ideas travel down generations like viruses through memes.
Give three criticisms of dawkins
He makes an ontological reduction (seeing a complex system as nothing but a sum of its parts) you cannot reduce all of what it means to be human to science.
Religious beliefs are not like genes as we can change them.
He does not succeed in defending the existence of the god of classical theism.
His arguments lead to determinism, the idea that all events are determined by previous ones, this leads to the denial of moral responsibility.
What is the key idea of post modernism?
Scince will one day fill all of the gaps that are currently occupied by religion.
We cannot understand the nature of reality as we are not evolved enough.
There can never be an objective understanding of reality, reality is just a projection of human understanding.
How do postmodernists see religion?
They privilege personal beliefs over organized religion, arguing for pluralism and tolerance. There is no right religion as they are all social constructs.
It is dangerous and the enemy of science as it stops us from progressing.
They privilege organized religion over personal beliefs as religion is more then just a social construct.
How do postmodernists see theism and atheism?
Atheism is better then theism because theism is not backed up by evidence.
Theism is better then atheism because religions help to bring people together.
As reality is just a reflection of human understanding, they are equally as untenable as each other. Lyotard called any attempt to give a unifying account of reality on the basis of one universal truth a ‘meta-narrative.’
Who argued this? Religion is positive, it played a role in abolition, giving the poor rights, developing art and setting moral standards. Belief in god and seeing the universe as a consequence of his free choice is natural.
(a)
What else is good about religious belief?
It provides us with answers, even if they are not based in the empirical. Religious statements should be accepted as different from scientific statements, even though they may overlap.
They provide us with answers which can be empirically and scientifically verified through our sense experience.
Relgion is the only real form of morality and without it, society would collapse.
Give a final positive of religious belief
It is a natural part of the human psyche to look for explanations, especially about the universe and why we are hear. Religion is natural.
It is a natural part of the human psyche to look for explanations, especially about the universe and why we are hear. Religion is unnatural.
It is a natural part of the animal psyche to look for explanations, especially about the universe and why we are hear. Religion is natural.
It is an unnatural part of the human psyche to look for explanations, especially about the universe and why we are hear. Religion is natural.
