the capital of Italy, and the capital of the ancient Roman Empire

A council of rich and powerful Romans who helped run the city.

the time before there was written language.

A strip of land connecting two continents

The process of growing crops and raising animals to provide food.

Period known as the Old Stone Age.

Huge stones used as monuments or as the sites of religious gatherings.

A period in a society's history marked by great achievements.

A period in which Greek culture blended with other cultures.

A type of government in which people elect leaders to make laws for them.

Channels used to carry water over long distances

A handheld object that has been modified to help a person accomplish a task.

A period called the New Stone Age.

A community of people who share a common culture.

To move to new places.

Political units made up of a city and all the surrounding lands

A city-state in eastern Greece

People who could take part in the government

A government that includes many different peoples and lands under a single rule.

People who hunt animas and gather wild plants, seeds, fruits, and nuts to survive.

The process of changing plants or animals to make them more useful to humans.

Period known as the Middle Stone Age.

Long periods of freezing weather

A city-state in ancient Greece; Athen's rival