Mohammad Hatta was born in Fort De Kock (now known as Bukittinggi) into a prominent and strongly Islamic family. His mother's family was wealthy, and Hatta was able to study Dutch as well as finishing Qur'an after school.

In 1919, Hatta went to the HBS in Batavia. He completed his study with distinction in 1921, and was allowed to continue to study at the Erasmus University

Rotterdam) in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. He took economics as his major and earned a doctorandus degree in 1932.

In the Netherlands, Hatta joined the Indische Vereeniging. In 1922, the organization changed its name to Indonesische Vereeniging and later to its Indonesian translation: the Perhimpoenan

Indonesia.

By the middle of 1927, Perhimpoenan Indonesia's activities had alarmed the Dutch authorities. In June 1927, Dutch authorities raided the residence of the organization's leaders, searching through their rooms and putting Hatta and other four Indonesian activists behind bars. After spending nearly six months in prison, they were taken to trial in the Hague. They were permitted to explain themselves during the hearing, and Hatta took to the opportunity to explain Indonesia's nationalist cause. He made a speech to the court explaining that Indonesia's interests were in conflict with those of the Dutch, and that was why they could not cooperate. Hatta advocated cooperation between Indonesia and the Netherlands, but only if Indonesia was independent and treated as an equal partner, not unequally because of its status as a colony. The speech became famous and it is known as the Indonesia Vrij (Indonesia Merdeka) or Free Indonesia speech.

In 1929, Hatta and other Perhimpoenan Indonesia activists were released. In July 1932, Hatta made his way home to Indonesia.

(source: hhtp://en.m.wikipedia.org>wiki>Mohammad Hatta)

Why did the Dutch authorities put Hatta behind the bars? Because …

Mohammad Hatta was born in Fort De Kock (now known as Bukittinggi) into a prominent and strongly Islamic family. His mother's family was wealthy, and Hatta was able to study Dutch as well as finishing Qur'an after school.

In 1919, Hatta went to the HBS in Batavia. He completed his study with distinction in 1921, and was allowed to continue to study at the Erasmus University

Rotterdam) in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. He took economics as his major and earned a doctorandus degree in 1932.

In the Netherlands, Hatta joined the Indische Vereeniging. In 1922, the organization changed its name to Indonesische Vereeniging and later to its Indonesian translation: the Perhimpoenan

Indonesia.

By the middle of 1927, Perhimpoenan Indonesia's activities had alarmed the Dutch authorities. In June 1927, Dutch authorities raided the residence of the organization's leaders, searching through their rooms and putting Hatta and other four Indonesian activists behind bars. After spending nearly six months in prison, they were taken to trial in the Hague. They were permitted to explain themselves during the hearing, and Hatta took to the opportunity to explain Indonesia's nationalist cause. He made a speech to the court explaining that Indonesia's interests were in conflict with those of the Dutch, and that was why they could not cooperate. Hatta advocated cooperation between Indonesia and the Netherlands, but only if Indonesia was independent and treated as an equal partner, not unequally because of its status as a colony. The speech became famous and it is known as the Indonesia Vrij (Indonesia Merdeka) or Free Indonesia speech.

In 1929, Hatta and other Perhimpoenan Indonesia activists were released. In July 1932, Hatta made his way home to Indonesia.

(source: hhtp://en.m.wikipedia.org>wiki>Mohammad Hatta)

From the text we know that …

Mohammad Hatta was born in Fort De Kock (now known as Bukittinggi) into a prominent and strongly Islamic family. His mother's family was wealthy, and Hatta was able to study Dutch as well as finishing Qur'an after school.

In 1919, Hatta went to the HBS in Batavia. He completed his study with distinction in 1921, and was allowed to continue to study at the Erasmus University

Rotterdam) in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. He took economics as his major and earned a doctorandus degree in 1932.

In the Netherlands, Hatta joined the Indische Vereeniging. In 1922, the organization changed its name to Indonesische Vereeniging and later to its Indonesian translation: the Perhimpoenan

Indonesia.

By the middle of 1927, Perhimpoenan Indonesia's activities had alarmed the Dutch authorities. In June 1927, Dutch authorities raided the residence of the organization's leaders, searching through their rooms and putting Hatta and other four Indonesian activists behind bars. After spending nearly six months in prison, they were taken to trial in the Hague. They were permitted to explain themselves during the hearing, and Hatta took to the opportunity to explain Indonesia's nationalist cause. He made a speech to the court explaining that Indonesia's interests were in conflict with those of the Dutch, and that was why they could not cooperate. Hatta advocated cooperation between Indonesia and the Netherlands, but only if Indonesia was independent and treated as an equal partner, not unequally because of its status as a colony. The speech became famous and it is known as the Indonesia Vrij (Indonesia Merdeka) or Free Indonesia speech.

In 1929, Hatta and other Perhimpoenan Indonesia activists were released. In July 1932, Hatta made his way home to Indonesia.

(source: hhtp://en.m.wikipedia.org>wiki>Mohammad Hatta)

“…putting Hatta and other four Indonesian activists behind bars.”(Paragraph 3). The underlined phrase means ….

Buya Hamka was born in Sungai Batang, Tanjung Raya, Agam

Regency, West Sumatra, Dutch

East Indies on 17 February 1908 and died in Jakarta, Indonesia on 24 July 1981 at the age of 73 years. He was an Indonesian ulama, novelist, philosopher and political activist.

Before his education in formal schools,

Hamka lived with his grandmother in a house south of Maninjau. When he was six years

old he moved with his father to Padang Panjang, West Sumatera. Following common

tradition in Minang, as a child he studied the Quran and slept in a mosque

because Minang boys did not have a place to sleep in the family house. In the

mosque he studied the Quran and silek. While studying in Helmi Talib, he was

not considered as a smart child, he even often did not attend in a few days

because he felt bored and chose to seek knowledge in his own way. He preferred

to be in a library owned by his public teacher. In the library, he was free to

read a variety of books, even some he borrowed to be taken home. He was scolded

by his father when he was caught busy reading Kaba Cindua Mato. His father said, "Are you going to be

a pious person or become a storyteller?" At the same time, he was no

longer interested in completing education at Thawalib. After studying for four

years, he decided to get out of Thawalib. He came out without obtaining a

diploma. In those days after that, Hamka was taken to Parabek, about 5 km from

the Pengkalan Batu in 1922 to learn with Aiman Ibrahim Wong, but did not last long. He preferred to

follow his heart to seek knowledge and experience in his own way. He decided to

leave for Java. After a year in Java, in July 1925 Hamka was going back to Padang Panjang. Between the businesses of his activity in the field of Dawah through writing, he took speech in several places in Padang Panjang. But at that moment, everything is precisely sharply criticized by his father, "Speeches alone are useless, fill yourself with knowledge, then those speeches would be meaningful and useful." On the other hand, he did not get a good reception from the public. He was often derided as "uncertified Islam orator", even he had received criticism from some scholars because he did not master Arabic language well. Criticism he received in his native land, he made it as a whip to make him more mature.

(source: hhtp://en.m.wikipedia.org>wiki>Hamka)

What did Hamka do during spending his childhood in the mosque?

Buya Hamka was born in Sungai Batang, Tanjung Raya, Agam

Regency, West Sumatra, Dutch

East Indies on 17 February 1908 and died in Jakarta, Indonesia on 24 July 1981 at the age of 73 years. He was an Indonesian ulama, novelist, philosopher and political activist.

Before his education in formal schools,

Hamka lived with his grandmother in a house south of Maninjau. When he was six years

old he moved with his father to Padang Panjang, West Sumatera. Following common

tradition in Minang, as a child he studied the Quran and slept in a mosque

because Minang boys did not have a place to sleep in the family house. In the

mosque he studied the Quran and silek. While studying in Helmi Talib, he was

not considered as a smart child, he even often did not attend in a few days

because he felt bored and chose to seek knowledge in his own way. He preferred

to be in a library owned by his public teacher. In the library, he was free to

read a variety of books, even some he borrowed to be taken home. He was scolded

by his father when he was caught busy reading Kaba Cindua Mato. His father said, "Are you going to be

a pious person or become a storyteller?" At the same time, he was no

longer interested in completing education at Thawalib. After studying for four

years, he decided to get out of Thawalib. He came out without obtaining a

diploma. In those days after that, Hamka was taken to Parabek, about 5 km from

the Pengkalan Batu in 1922 to learn with Aiman Ibrahim Wong, but did not last long. He preferred to

follow his heart to seek knowledge and experience in his own way. He decided to

leave for Java. After a year in Java, in July 1925 Hamka was going back to Padang Panjang. Between the businesses of his activity in the field of Dawah through writing, he took speech in several places in Padang Panjang. But at that moment, everything is precisely sharply criticized by his father, "Speeches alone are useless, fill yourself with knowledge, then those speeches would be meaningful and useful." On the other hand, he did not get a good reception from the public. He was often derided as "uncertified Islam orator", even he had received criticism from some scholars because he did not master Arabic language well. Criticism he received in his native land, he made it as a whip to make him more mature.

(source: hhtp://en.m.wikipedia.org>wiki>Hamka)

What made people in Padang Panjang not respect his speech?

Buya Hamka was born in Sungai Batang, Tanjung Raya, Agam

Regency, West Sumatra, Dutch

East Indies on 17 February 1908 and died in Jakarta, Indonesia on 24 July 1981 at the age of 73 years. He was an Indonesian ulama, novelist, philosopher and political activist.

Before his education in formal schools,

Hamka lived with his grandmother in a house south of Maninjau. When he was six years

old he moved with his father to Padang Panjang, West Sumatera. Following common

tradition in Minang, as a child he studied the Quran and slept in a mosque

because Minang boys did not have a place to sleep in the family house. In the

mosque he studied the Quran and silek. While studying in Helmi Talib, he was

not considered as a smart child, he even often did not attend in a few days

because he felt bored and chose to seek knowledge in his own way. He preferred

to be in a library owned by his public teacher. In the library, he was free to

read a variety of books, even some he borrowed to be taken home. He was scolded

by his father when he was caught busy reading Kaba Cindua Mato. His father said, "Are you going to be

a pious person or become a storyteller?" At the same time, he was no

longer interested in completing education at Thawalib. After studying for four

years, he decided to get out of Thawalib. He came out without obtaining a

diploma. In those days after that, Hamka was taken to Parabek, about 5 km from

the Pengkalan Batu in 1922 to learn with Aiman Ibrahim Wong, but did not last long. He preferred to

follow his heart to seek knowledge and experience in his own way. He decided to

leave for Java. After a year in Java, in July 1925 Hamka was going back to Padang Panjang. Between the businesses of his activity in the field of Dawah through writing, he took speech in several places in Padang Panjang. But at that moment, everything is precisely sharply criticized by his father, "Speeches alone are useless, fill yourself with knowledge, then those speeches would be meaningful and useful." On the other hand, he did not get a good reception from the public. He was often derided as "uncertified Islam orator", even he had received criticism from some scholars because he did not master Arabic language well. Criticism he received in his native land, he made it as a whip to make him more mature.

(source: hhtp://en.m.wikipedia.org>wiki>Hamka)

From the text we know that …

Buya Hamka was born in Sungai Batang, Tanjung Raya, Agam Regency, West Sumatra, Dutch

East Indies on 17 February 1908 and died in Jakarta, Indonesia on 24 July 1981 at the age of 73 years. He was an Indonesian ulama, novelist, philosopher and political activist.

Before his education in formal schools,

Hamka lived with his grandmother in a house south of Maninjau. When he was six years old he moved with his father to Padang Panjang, West Sumatera. Following common tradition in Minang, as a child he studied the Quran and slept in a mosque because Minang boys did not have a place to sleep in the family house. In the mosque he studied the Quran and silek. While studying in Helmi Talib, he was not considered as a smart child, he even often did not attend in a few days because he felt bored and chose to seek knowledge in his own way. He preferred to be in a library owned by his public teacher. In the library, he was free to read a variety of books, even some he borrowed to be taken home. He was scolded by his father when he was caught busy reading Kaba Cindua Mato. His father said, "Are you going to be a pious person or become a storyteller?" At the same time, he was no longer interested in completing education at Thawalib. After studying for four

years, he decided to get out of Thawalib. He came out without obtaining a diploma. In those days after that, Hamka was taken to Parabek, about 5 km from the Pengkalan Batu in 1922 to learn with Aiman Ibrahim Wong, but did not last long. He preferred to follow his heart to seek knowledge and experience in his own way. He decided to leave for Java. After a year in Java, in July 1925 Hamka was going back to Padang Panjang. Between the businesses of his activity in the field of Dawah through writing, he took speech in several places in Padang Panjang. But at that moment, everything is precisely sharply criticized by his father, "Speeches alone are useless, fill yourself with knowledge, then those speeches would be meaningful and useful." On the other hand, he did not get a good reception from the public. He was often derided as "uncertified Islam orator", even he had received criticism from some scholars because he did not master Arabic language well. Criticism he received in his native land, he made it as a whip to make him more mature.

(source: hhtp://en.m.wikipedia.org>wiki>Hamka)

The underlined word “derided” in the last paragraph means …

Ali Akbar Navis (born in Padang Panjang, West Sumatra November 17, 1924 - died in Padang March 22, 2003 at 78 years of age) was a prominent Indonesian author, poet and humorist.

Navis showed signs of creativity from a young age. Before discovering his talents as a writer, he was an accomplished flautist and viola player. He was also a skilled painter. His skill as a writer led to his appointment on the Central Sumatra Cultural Committee from 1953–55, and his good English language skills meant he was often asked to assist foreign scholars studying Minangkabau culture.

Navis rose to prominence with the story Surau Kami in 1955, which was voted one of the three best stories of the year by the literary magazine, Kisah. The story was considered very brave in criticizing the pious who neglect the poor. His collection of short stories was released under the same title in 1956 and has been translated into English, German and Japanese.

Navis taught many other writers while producing his own short stories, novels, poetry, children’s stories, radio plays and essays on cultural and social problems. He wrote 22 books, plus five anthologies with other poets, and eight anthologies abroad. He also composed 106 papers for academic publishers and activities at home and abroad. They were later collected in the book A Walk Along the Way.

Between 1971-1982 Navis served as a member of his home province's house of representatives. He also served as President of the INS KayuTanam, an educational foundation. He was also concerned about the quality of national education, especially what he saw as the failure to read and write with open minds. Navis died after a long illness.

(source: hhtp://en.m.wikipedia.org>wiki>A.A_Navis)

One skill that made Navis prominent is ….

Ali Akbar Navis (born in Padang Panjang, West Sumatra November 17, 1924 - died in Padang March 22, 2003 at 78 years of age) was a prominent Indonesian author, poet and humorist.

Navis showed signs of creativity from a young age. Before discovering his talents as a writer, he was an accomplished flautist and viola player. He was also a skilled painter. His skill as a writer led to his appointment on the Central Sumatra Cultural Committee from 1953–55, and his good English language skills meant he was often asked to assist foreign scholars studying Minangkabau culture.

Navis rose to prominence with the story Surau Kami in 1955, which was voted one of the three best stories of the year by the literary magazine, Kisah. The story was considered very brave in criticizing the pious who neglect the poor. His collection of short stories was released under the same title in 1956 and has been translated into English, German and Japanese.

Navis taught many other writers while producing his own short stories, novels, poetry, children’s stories, radio plays and essays on cultural and social problems. He wrote 22 books, plus five anthologies with other poets, and eight anthologies abroad. He also composed 106 papers for academic publishers and activities at home and abroad. They were later collected in the book A Walk Along the Way.

Between 1971-1982 Navis served as a member of his home province's house of representatives. He also served as President of the INS KayuTanam, an educational foundation. He was also concerned about the quality of national education, especially what he saw as the failure to read and write with open minds. Navis died after a long illness.

(source: hhtp://en.m.wikipedia.org>wiki>A.A_Navis)

What made Surau Kami be voted one of the three best stories?

BARACK OBAMA

Barack Obama was born on August 4, 1961 in Honolulu, Hawaii. His father was a Kenyan named Barack Obama, Sr (Senior). His mother was a White American named Ann Dunham. His parents separated when he was two years old and later divorced. His father returned to Kenya and saw him only once more before he died in an automobile accident in 1982.

After the divorce, Obama’s mother then married an Indonesian, Lolo Soentoro. The family then moved to his stepfather’s home country in 1967. Obama attended local schools in Jakarta until he was ten years old.

Obama returned to Honolulu in 1971. He lived with his maternal grandparents until his graduation from high school in 1979. After that, Obama moved to Los Angeles and studied at Occidental College for two years. He then transferred to Columbia University in New York City.

Obama entered Harvard Law School in late 1988. He was selected as an editor of the law review based on his grade and writing competition. In 1990, he became the first Black president of the Harvard Law Review. He graduated with J.D. magna cum laude from Harvard in 1989.

1. What happened in 1982?

BARACK OBAMA

Barack Obama was born on August 4, 1961 in Honolulu, Hawaii. His father was a Kenyan named Barack Obama, Sr (Senior). His mother was a White American named Ann Dunham. His parents separated when he was two years old and later divorced. His father returned to Kenya and saw him only once more before he died in an automobile accident in 1982.

After the divorce, Obama’s mother then married an Indonesian, Lolo Soentoro. The family then moved to his stepfather’s home country in 1967. Obama attended local schools in Jakarta until he was ten years old.

Obama returned to Honolulu in 1971. He lived with his maternal grandparents until his graduation from high school in 1979. After that, Obama moved to Los Angeles and studied at Occidental College for two years. He then transferred to Columbia University in New York City.

Obama entered Harvard Law School in late 1988. He was selected as an editor of the law review based on his grade and writing competition. In 1990, he became the first Black president of the Harvard Law Review. He graduated with J.D. magna cum laude from Harvard in 1989.

1. The synonym of ‘died’ in paragraph 1 line 4 is ...

BARACK OBAMA

Barack Obama was born on August 4, 1961 in Honolulu, Hawaii. His father was a Kenyan named Barack Obama, Sr (Senior). His mother was a White American named Ann Dunham. His parents separated when he was two years old and later divorced. His father returned to Kenya and saw him only once more before he died in an automobile accident in 1982.

After the divorce, Obama’s mother then married an Indonesian, Lolo Soentoro. The family then moved to his stepfather’s home country in 1967. Obama attended local schools in Jakarta until he was ten years old.

Obama returned to Honolulu in 1971. He lived with his maternal grandparents until his graduation from high school in 1979. After that, Obama moved to Los Angeles and studied at Occidental College for two years. He then transferred to Columbia University in New York City.

Obama entered Harvard Law School in late 1988. He was selected as an editor of the law review based on his grade and writing competition. In 1990, he became the first Black president of the Harvard Law Review. He graduated with J.D. magna cum laude from Harvard in 1989.

Source: www.en.wikipedia.org

3. The statements below are true, EXCEPT:

BARACK OBAMA

Barack Obama was born on August 4, 1961 in Honolulu, Hawaii. His father was a Kenyan named Barack Obama, Sr (Senior). His mother was a White American named Ann Dunham. His parents separated when he was two years old and later divorced. His father returned to Kenya and saw him only once more before he died in an automobile accident in 1982.

After the divorce, Obama’s mother then married an Indonesian, Lolo Soentoro. The family then moved to his stepfather’s home country in 1967. Obama attended local schools in Jakarta until he was ten years old.

Obama returned to Honolulu in 1971. He lived with his maternal grandparents until his graduation from high school in 1979. After that, Obama moved to Los Angeles and studied at Occidental College for two years. He then transferred to Columbia University in New York City.

Obama entered Harvard Law School in late 1988. He was selected as an editor of the law review based on his grade and writing competition. In 1990, he became the first Black president of the Harvard Law Review. He graduated with J.D. magna cum laude from Harvard in 1989.

Source: www.en.wikipedia.org

4.When did Obama graduate from high school?

BARACK OBAMA

Barack Obama was born on August 4, 1961 in Honolulu, Hawaii. His father was a Kenyan named Barack Obama, Sr (Senior). His mother was a White American named Ann Dunham. His parents separated when he was two years old and later divorced. His father returned to Kenya and saw him only once more before he died in an automobile accident in 1982.

After the divorce, Obama’s mother then married an Indonesian, Lolo Soentoro. The family then moved to his stepfather’s home country in 1967. Obama attended local schools in Jakarta until he was ten years old.

Obama returned to Honolulu in 1971. He lived with his maternal grandparents until his graduation from high school in 1979. After that, Obama moved to Los Angeles and studied at Occidental College for two years. He then transferred to Columbia University in New York City.

Obama entered Harvard Law School in late 1988. He was selected as an editor of the law review based on his grade and writing competition. In 1990, he became the first Black president of the Harvard Law Review. He graduated with J.D. magna cum laude from Harvard in 1989.

Source: www.en.wikipedia.org

5. What does ‘he’ in paragraph 1 line 4 refer to?

ALBERT EINSTEIN

Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany, on March 14^th, 1879. He grew up in Germany, Italy, and Switzerland. Einstein taught himself geometry when he was 12 years old. School made him bored because it required endless memorizing and reciting. He often skipped classes to study on his own or to play his violin.

Einstein made many theories on Physics, but the most famous theory is about atomic energy. Einstein said that matter and energy is the same thing. He expressed this relation in a famous equation: E=mc2. This equation says that energy (E) equals mass (m) times the speed of light squared (c2). Energy can therefore be changed into matter, and matter into energy. The ability to turn matter into energy led to the development of the atomic bomb and nuclear power.

Einstein’s theories made him famous, even though few people understood them. He became a university professor and director of a physics institute in Berlin, Germany. After the Nazis rose to power in Germany, Einstein left. In 1933, he came to the United States, where he lived the rest of his life. Einstein died in Princeton, New Jersey, on April 18, 1955.

Source: Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006. © 1993-2005 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved

6. When was Einstein born?

ALBERT EINSTEIN

Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany, on March 14^th, 1879. He grew up in Germany, Italy, and Switzerland. Einstein taught himself geometry when he was 12 years old. School made him bored because it required endless memorizing and reciting. He often skipped classes to study on his own or to play his violin.

Einstein made many theories on Physics, but the most famous theory is about atomic energy. Einstein said that matter and energy is the same thing. He expressed this relation in a famous equation: E=mc2. This equation says that energy (E) equals mass (m) times the speed of light squared (c2). Energy can therefore be changed into matter, and matter into energy. The ability to turn matter into energy led to the development of the atomic bomb and nuclear power.

Einstein’s theories made him famous, even though few people understood them. He became a university professor and director of a physics institute in Berlin, Germany. After the Nazis rose to power in Germany, Einstein left. In 1933, he came to the United States, where he lived the rest of his life. Einstein died in Princeton, New Jersey, on April 18, 1955.

Source: Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006. © 1993-2005 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved

7. Why did school made him bored?

ALBERT EINSTEIN

Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany, on March 14^th, 1879. He grew up in Germany, Italy, and Switzerland. Einstein taught himself geometry when he was 12 years old. School made him bored because it required endless memorizing and reciting. He often skipped classes to study on his own or to play his violin.

Einstein made many theories on Physics, but the most famous theory is about atomic energy. Einstein said that matter and energy is the same thing. He expressed this relation in a famous equation: E=mc2. This equation says that energy (E) equals mass (m) times the speed of light squared (c2). Energy can therefore be changed into matter, and matter into energy. The ability to turn matter into energy led to the development of the atomic bomb and nuclear power.

Einstein’s theories made him famous, even though few people understood them. He became a university professor and director of a physics institute in Berlin, Germany. After the Nazis rose to power in Germany, Einstein left. In 1933, he came to the United States, where he lived the rest of his life. Einstein died in Princeton, New Jersey, on April 18, 1955.

Source: Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006. © 1993-2005 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved

8. What is the most famous theory of Einstein?

ALBERT EINSTEIN

Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany, on March 14^th, 1879. He grew up in Germany, Italy, and Switzerland. Einstein taught himself geometry when he was 12 years old. School made him bored because it required endless memorizing and reciting. He often skipped classes to study on his own or to play his violin.

Einstein made many theories on Physics, but the most famous theory is about atomic energy. Einstein said that matter and energy is the same thing. He expressed this relation in a famous equation: E=mc2. This equation says that energy (E) equals mass (m) times the speed of light squared (c2). Energy can therefore be changed into matter, and matter into energy. The ability to turn matter into energy led to the development of the atomic bomb and nuclear power.

Einstein’s theories made him famous, even though few people understood them. He became a university professor and director of a physics institute in Berlin, Germany. After the Nazis rose to power in Germany, Einstein left. In 1933, he came to the United States, where he lived the rest of his life. Einstein died in Princeton, New Jersey, on April 18, 1955.

Source: Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006. © 1993-2005 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved

9. What does Einstein’s famous theory say?

ALBERT EINSTEIN

Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany, on March 14^th, 1879. He grew up in Germany, Italy, and Switzerland. Einstein taught himself geometry when he was 12 years old. School made him bored because it required endless memorizing and reciting. He often skipped classes to study on his own or to play his violin.

Einstein made many theories on Physics, but the most famous theory is about atomic energy. Einstein said that matter and energy is the same thing. He expressed this relation in a famous equation: E=mc2. This equation says that energy (E) equals mass (m) times the speed of light squared (c2). Energy can therefore be changed into matter, and matter into energy. The ability to turn matter into energy led to the development of the atomic bomb and nuclear power.

Einstein’s theories made him famous, even though few people understood them. He became a university professor and director of a physics institute in Berlin, Germany. After the Nazis rose to power in Germany, Einstein left. In 1933, he came to the United States, where he lived the rest of his life. Einstein died in Princeton, New Jersey, on April 18, 1955.

Source: Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006. © 1993-2005 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved

10.Why did Einstein leave Germany?

VICTORIA CAROLINE BECKHAM

Victoria Caroline Beckham is an English singer-songwriter, dancer, model, actress, fashion designer and businesswoman. She was born on April 17, 1974, in Essex, England. She became famous in the 1990’s with the pop group “The Spice Girls” and was known as Posh Spice. In 1999, she married the Manchester United and England footballer, David Beckham. They have four children, three sons and a daughter.

After The Spice Girls split up, she pursued a solo singing career, but also started her own fashion range called dVb Style. Since this initial foray into fashion Victoria Beckham has brought out her own range of sunglasses and fragrance, entitled ‘intimately Beckham” and a range of handbags and jewelry.

In addition she had written two best-selling books : one her autobiography and the other, a fashion guide.

What did Victoria do before being a solo singer?

VICTORIA CAROLINE BECKHAM

Victoria Caroline Beckham is an English singer-songwriter, dancer, model, actress, fashion designer and businesswoman. She was born on April 17, 1974, in Essex, England. She became famous in the 1990’s with the pop group “The Spice Girls” and was known as Posh Spice. In 1999, she married the Manchester United and England footballer, David Beckham. They have four children, three sons and a daughter.

After The Spice Girls split up, she pursued a solo singing career, but also started her own fashion range called dVb Style. Since this initial foray into fashion Victoria Beckham has brought out her own range of sunglasses and fragrance, entitled ‘intimately Beckham” and a range of handbags and jewelry.

In addition she had written two best-selling books : one her autobiography and the other, a fashion guide.

12.We found in the text that ….

VICTORIA CAROLINE BECKHAM

Victoria Caroline Beckham is an English singer-songwriter, dancer, model, actress, fashion designer and businesswoman. She was born on April 17, 1974, in Essex, England. She became famous in the 1990’s with the pop group “The Spice Girls” and was known as Posh Spice. In 1999, she married the Manchester United and England footballer, David Beckham. They have four children, three sons and a daughter.

After The Spice Girls split up, she pursued a solo singing career, but also started her own fashion range called dVb Style. Since this initial foray into fashion Victoria Beckham has brought out her own range of sunglasses and fragrance, entitled ‘intimately Beckham” and a range of handbags and jewelry.

In addition she had written two best-selling books : one her autobiography and the other, a fashion guide.

13.Based on the text, what do we know about Victoria?

VICTORIA CAROLINE BECKHAM

Victoria Caroline Beckham is an English singer-songwriter, dancer, model, actress, fashion designer and businesswoman. She was born on April 17, 1974, in Essex, England. She became famous in the 1990’s with the pop group “The Spice Girls” and was known as Posh Spice. In 1999, she married the Manchester United and England footballer, David Beckham. They have four children, three sons and a daughter.

After The Spice Girls split up, she pursued a solo singing career, but also started her own fashion range called dVb Style. Since this initial foray into fashion Victoria Beckham has brought out her own range of sunglasses and fragrance, entitled ‘intimately Beckham” and a range of handbags and jewelry.

In addition she had written two best-selling books : one her autobiography and the other, a fashion guide.

14.‘After The Spice Girls split up’. The synonym of the underlined word is ….

VICTORIA CAROLINE BECKHAM

Victoria Caroline Beckham is an English singer-songwriter, dancer, model, actress, fashion designer and businesswoman. She was born on April 17, 1974, in Essex, England. She became famous in the 1990’s with the pop group “The Spice Girls” and was known as Posh Spice. In 1999, she married the Manchester United and England footballer, David Beckham. They have four children, three sons and a daughter.

After The Spice Girls split up, she pursued a solo singing career, but also started her own fashion range called dVb Style. Since this initial foray into fashion Victoria Beckham has brought out her own range of sunglasses and fragrance, entitled ‘intimately Beckham” and a range of handbags and jewelry.

In addition she had written two best-selling books : one her autobiography and the other, a fashion guide.

15. “Intimately Beckham” is the title of her ...

Earthquake

Earthquake is a sudden shaking of the earth’s surface that often causes a lot of damage. It is the result of a sudden release of stored energy in the Earth’s crust that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes may happen naturally or as a result of human activities. Smaller earthquakes can also be caused by volcanic activity, landslides, mine, blasts, and nuclear experiments.

What is the purpose of the paragraph?

Coconut tree is a tree of the palm family. It is one of tree which live in tropical countries. Coconut tree is tall palm tree bearing coconut as fruit. Cocos nucifera is binomial name of its.

Coconut tree can grow up to 30m height. They have a single cylindrical trunk. At the top of the trunk there are pinnate leaves. They are about 3 to 4 m long and the pinnate 60 to 90 cm long. The fruit of coconut tree is coconut. It is oval and the diameter is about 30 cm long. It has thick husk and a hard shell. Inside the shell there is white meat and sweet liquid.

Based on the text, we can conclude that....

Coconut tree usually grow in the lowland. It is easy to grow because it is not need special care. Coconut tree can survive until few years. Coconut tree is different with other tree because it is multifunction.

Coconut tree is very useful plants. We can use every part of the tree in our lives. The white meat can make in to copra by dry it. Then the people can get oil from it and use in daily cooking. Beside copra the meat also can make soap, candles and use it in culinary. The trunk is use to build houses. Sometimes there are people who use the leaves as roof and the people in Indonesia usually use it to make “ketupat”. People also can make rope, doormats, and from the coconut’s husk. Because coconut tree is very useful so it use as scout symbol.

Why are coconut tree different with other tree?

Earthquake is a sudden shaking of the earth’s surface that often causes a lot of damage. It is the result of a sudden release of stored energy in the Earth’s crust that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes may happen naturally or as a result of human activities. Smaller earthquakes can also be caused by volcanic activity, landslides, mine, blasts, and nuclear experiments.

What is an earthquake?

Birds

Birds are a kind of vertebrate animals, most birds have feathers and wings, and can fly, but not all of them can. Birds do not have teeth, but a hard beak or bill instead. They use the beak to pick up food.

The food they eat gives them energy so that they have a power to fly. Flying takes a lot of energy. When flying, they make different movements, sometimes by giding with their wings held still or by flapping their wings up and down.

Unlike humans, birds do not give birth to babies. Instead, they lay eggs. After lying eggs, a mother bird sits on the eggs to keep them warm until they hatch.

Birds spend most of their time looking for food using their keen eyesight. They use their beak and claws to get bugs, worms, small mammal, fish, fruit, grain or nectar. Although birds eat different food most of them feed on insects. Those that eat insects are cal insectivores.

Based on the text, we know that the birds...

The fastest baseball game on record took place on August 30, 1916. The two teams were from Winston-Salem and Asheville, North Carolina. The game was played in Asheville. The Winston-Salem team had to travel by train to and from Asheville. The last train that could get them back home on the same day was to leave at three o’clock. But the game was set for two o’ clock. How could they play the whole game and catch a train in just one hour? They asked the home team if they could start the game early. The Asheville team agreed.

The game started at 1:28. Both team played faster than they had ever had. All the batter swung at the first pitch. The team ran on and off the field between innings. Once, the Asheville pitcher even pitched before his teammates were on the field. The game was over at 1:59. Winston-Salem won by two-one. The players had no problem catching the train.

“The fastest baseball game on record took place on August 30, 1916″

What does the underline phrase means?

The fastest baseball game on record took place on August 30, 1916. The two teams were from Winston-Salem and Asheville, North Carolina. The game was played in Asheville. The Winston-Salem team had to travel by train to and from Asheville. The last train that could get them back home on the same day was to leave at three o’clock. But the game was set for two o’ clock. How could they play the whole game and catch a train in just one hour? They asked the home team if they could start the game early. The Asheville team agreed.

The game started at 1:28. Both team played faster than they had ever had. All the batter swung at the first pitch. The team ran on and off the field between innings. Once, the Asheville pitcher even pitched before his teammates were on the field. The game was over at 1:59. Winston-Salem won by two-one. The players had no problem catching the train.

The main idea of the last paragraph is that the fastest baseball game on record was played ….

The fastest baseball game on record took place on August 30, 1916. The two teams were from Winston-Salem and Asheville, North Carolina. The game was played in Asheville. The Winston-Salem team had to travel by train to and from Asheville. The last train that could get them back home on the same day was to leave at three o’clock. But the game was set for two o’ clock. How could they play the whole game and catch a train in just one hour? They asked the home team if they could start the game early. The Asheville team agreed.

The game started at 1:28. Both team played faster than they had ever had. All the batter swung at the first pitch. The team ran on and off the field between innings. Once, the Asheville pitcher even pitched before his teammates were on the field. The game was over at 1:59. Winston-Salem won by two-one. The players had no problem catching the train.

What can we conclude from the text?

The fastest baseball game on record took place on August 30, 1916. The two teams were from Winston-Salem and Asheville, North Carolina. The game was played in Asheville. The Winston-Salem team had to travel by train to and from Asheville. The last train that could get them back home on the same day was to leave at three o’clock. But the game was set for two o’ clock. How could they play the whole game and catch a train in just one hour? They asked the home team if they could start the game early. The Asheville team agreed.

The game started at 1:28. Both team played faster than they had ever had. All the batter swung at the first pitch. The team ran on and off the field between innings. Once, the Asheville pitcher even pitched before his teammates were on the field. The game was over at 1:59. Winston-Salem won by two-one. The players had no problem catching the train.

What can we conclude from the text?

A laptop is a kind of computer unit which has the same function as a PC (Personal Computer), but it’s smaller, lighter and of different sizes. Nowadays, most people choose laptops for several reasons.

A laptop is a portable device. This portability is very helpful for our work, study and other activities. We do not need complicated cable installations to activate a laptop. With a laptop, we can do our work anytime and anywhere.

Moreover, a laptop allows us to access the internet in public places which provide free access called hot spot areas. Some people like to use this facility to carry out their tasks.

Finally, a laptop consumes energy more efficiently than a PC does. This device uses a rechargeable battery as a source of electric energy. So, if we prefer using a laptop, it means that we support the government program to save energy. That’s why a laptop has become very popular recently.

From the text we know that ….

Why talking to dolphin is not easy?

For many years people believed that the cleverest animals after man were the chimpanzees. Now, however, there is a proof that dolphins may be even cleverer than these big apes.

Although a dolphin lives in the sea, it is not a fish. It is a mammal. It is in many ways, therefore, like a human being.

Dolphins have a simple language. They are able to talk to one another. It may be possible for man to learn how to talk to dolphins. But, this will not be easy because dolphins cannot hear the kind of sounds man can make. If man wants to talk to dolphins, therefore, he will have to make a third language which both he and the dolphins can understand.

Dolphins are also very friendly toward man. They often follow ships. There are many stories about dolphins guiding ships through difficult and dangerous waters.

Why talking to dolphin is not easy?

Butterflies ... insects. With their almost endless variety of colors, shapes, and sizes they are amongst the most and beautiful and easily recognized of insects.

Like all insects, butterfies ... have bones. They ... a light skeleton covering the outside of their bodies.

Butterflies ... four large wings : a pair in the front and a pair of back wings. These ... generally brightly coloured and have different pattern.

All butterflies ... by drinking through a straw-like tube called proboscis which is coiled when not in use.

An electronic calculator is a small, portable electronic device used to perform both arithmetic operations and complex mathematical operations.

The first solid electronic calculator was created in the 1960 s, building on the extensive history of tools such as the abacus (developed around 2000 BC), and the mechanical calculator (developed in the 17^th century AD). It was developed in parallel with the analog computers of the day.

In addition to general purpose of calculators, there are those designed for specific markets, for example, there are scientific calculators which include trigonometric and statistical calculations. Some calculators even have the ability to do computer algebra. Graphing calculators can be used to graph functions defined on the real line, or higher dimensional Euclidean space.

According to the text, what is the usage of calculator?

An electronic calculator is a small, portable electronic device used to perform both arithmetic operations and complex mathematical operations.

The first solid electronic calculator was created in the 1960s, building on the extensive history of tools such as the abacus (developed around 2000 BC), and the mechanical calculator (developed in the 17^th century AD). It was developed in parallel with the analog computers of the day.

In addition to general purpose of calculators, there are those designed for specific markets, for example, there are scientific calculators which include trigonometric and statistical calculations. Some calculators even have the ability to do computer algebra. Graphing calculators can be used to graph functions defined on the real line, or higher dimensional Euclidean space.

When does the mechanical calculator developed?

An electronic calculator is a small, portable electronic device used to perform both arithmetic operations and complex mathematical operations.

The first solid electronic calculator was created in the 1960s, building on the extensive history of tools such as the abacus (developed around 2000 BC), and the mechanical calculator (developed in the 17^th century AD). It was developed in parallel with the analog computers of the day.

In addition to general purpose of calculators, there are those designed for specific markets, for example, there are scientific calculators which include trigonometric and statistical calculations. Some calculators even have the ability to do computer algebra. Graphing calculators can be used to graph functions defined on the real line, or higher dimensional Euclidean space.

What is the meaning of “extensive” in the second paragraph?

An electronic calculator is a small, portable electronic device used to perform both arithmetic operations and complex mathematical operations.

The first solid electronic calculator was created in the 1960 s, building on the extensive history of tools such as the abacus (developed around 2000 BC), and the mechanical calculator (developed in the 17^th century AD). It was developed in parallel with the analog computers of the day.

In addition to general purpose of calculators, there are those designed for specific markets, for example, there are scientific calculators which include trigonometric and statistical calculations. Some calculators even have the ability to do computer algebra. Graphing calculators can be used to graph functions defined on the real line, or higher dimensional Euclidean space.

It was developed in parallel with the analog computers of the day. The underlined word refers to ...

An electronic calculator is a small, portable electronic device used to perform both arithmetic operations and complex mathematical operations.

The first solid electronic calculator was created in the 1960s, building on the extensive history of tools such as the abacus (developed around 2000 BC), and the mechanical calculator (developed in the 17^th century AD). It was developed in parallel with the analog computers of the day.

In addition to general purpose of calculators, there are those designed for specific markets, for example, there are scientific calculators which include trigonometric and statistical calculations. Some calculators even have the ability to do computer algebra. Graphing calculators can be used to graph functions defined on the real line, or higher dimensional Euclidean space.

What is the main idea of paragraph 3?

A laptop is a kind of computer unit which has the same function as a PC (Personal Computer), but it’s smaller, lighter and of different sizes. Nowadays, most people choose laptops for several reasons.

A laptop is a portable device. This portability is very helpful for our work, study and other activities. We do not need complicated cable installations to activate a laptop. With a laptop, we can do our work anytime and anywhere.

Moreover, a laptop allows us to access the internet in public places which provide free access called hot spot areas. Some people like to use this facility to carry out their tasks.

Finally, a laptop consumes energy more efficiently than a PC does. This device uses a rechargeable battery as a source of electric energy. So, if we prefer using a laptop, it means that we support the government program to save energy. That’s why a laptop has become very popular recently.

What is the purpose of the text above?

A laptop is a kind of computer unit which has the same function as a PC (Personal Computer), but it’s smaller, lighter and of different sizes. Nowadays, most people choose laptops for several reasons.

A laptop is a portable device. This portability is very helpful for our work, study and other activities. We do not need complicated cable installations to activate a laptop. With a laptop, we can do our work anytime and anywhere.

Moreover, a laptop allows us to access the internet in public places which provide free access called hot spot areas. Some people like to use this facility to carry out their tasks.

Finally, a laptop consumes energy more efficiently than a PC does. This device uses a rechargeable battery as a source of electric energy. So, if we prefer using a laptop, it means that we support the government program to save energy. That’s why a laptop has become very popular recently.

A public place where we can have free access to the internet is …

A laptop is a kind of computer unit which has the same function as a PC (Personal Computer), but it’s smaller, lighter and of different sizes. Nowadays, most people choose laptops for several reasons.

A laptop is a portable device. This portability is very helpful for our work, study and other activities. We do not need complicated cable installations to activate a laptop. With a laptop, we can do our work anytime and anywhere.

Moreover, a laptop allows us to access the internet in public places which provide free access called hot spot areas. Some people like to use this facility to carry out their tasks.

Finally, a laptop consumes energy more efficiently than a PC does. This device uses a rechargeable battery as a source of electric energy. So, if we prefer using a laptop, it means that we support the government program to save energy. That’s why a laptop has become very popular recently.

A laptop has become very popular because …

A laptop is a kind of computer unit which has the same function as a PC (Personal Computer), but it’s smaller, lighter and of different sizes. Nowadays, most people choose laptops for several reasons.

A laptop is a portable device. This portability is very helpful for our work, study and other activities. We do not need complicated cable installations to activate a laptop. With a laptop, we can do our work anytime and anywhere.

Moreover, a laptop allows us to access the internet in public places which provide free access called hot spot areas. Some people like to use this facility to carry out their tasks.

Finally, a laptop consumes energy more efficiently than a PC does. This device uses a rechargeable battery as a source of electric energy. So, if we prefer using a laptop, it means that we support the government program to save energy. That’s why a laptop has become very popular recently.

“ …a laptop allows us….” (paragraph 1 line 1)

The underlined word has the opposite meaning with …

A laptop is a kind of computer unit which has the same function as a PC (Personal Computer), but it’s smaller, lighter and of different sizes. Nowadays, most people choose laptops for several reasons.

A laptop is a portable device. This portability is very helpful for our work, study and other activities. We do not need complicated cable installations to activate a laptop. With a laptop, we can do our work anytime and anywhere.

Moreover, a laptop allows us to access the internet in public places which provide free access called hot spot areas. Some people like to use this facility to carry out their tasks.

Finally, a laptop consumes energy more efficiently than a PC does. This device uses a rechargeable battery as a source of electric energy. So, if we prefer using a laptop, it means that we support the government program to save energy. That’s why a laptop has become very popular recently.

From the text we know that ….

A camera is an optical instrument for recording images, which may be stored locally, transmitted to another location, or both. The images may be individual still photographs or sequences of images constituting videos or movies. The functioning of the camera is very similar to the functioning of the human eye.

A camera may work with the light of the visible spectrum or with other portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. A still camera is an optical device which creates a single image of an object or scene, and records it on an electronic sensor or photographic film. All cameras use the same basic design: light enters an enclosed box through a converging lens and an image is recorded on a light-sensitive medium.

A shutter mechanism controls the length of time that light can enter the camera. Most photographic cameras have functions that allow a person to view the scene to be recorded, allow for a desired part of the scene to be in focus, and to control the exposure so that it is not too bright or too dim.

A movie camera or a video camera operates similarly to a still camera, except it records a series of static images in rapid succession, commonly at a rate of 24 frames per second. When the images are combined and displayed in order, the illusion of motion is achieved.

What kind of text is it?

A camera is an optical instrument for recording images, which may be stored locally, transmitted to another location, or both. The images may be individual still photographs or sequences of images constituting videos or movies. The functioning of the camera is very similar to the functioning of the human eye.

A camera may work with the light of the visible spectrum or with other portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. A still camera is an optical device which creates a single image of an object or scene, and records it on an electronic sensor or photographic film. All cameras use the same basic design: light enters an enclosed box through a converging lens and an image is recorded on a light-sensitive medium.

A shutter mechanism controls the length of time that light can enter the camera. Most photographic cameras have functions that allow a person to view the scene to be recorded, allow for a desired part of the scene to be in focus, and to control the exposure so that it is not too bright or too dim.

A movie camera or a video camera operates similarly to a still camera, except it records a series of static images in rapid succession, commonly at a rate of 24 frames per second. When the images are combined and displayed in order, the illusion of motion is achieved.

What is the purpose of this text?

A camera is an optical instrument for recording images, which may be stored locally, transmitted to another location, or both. The images may be individual still photographs or sequences of images constituting videos or movies. The functioning of the camera is very similar to the functioning of the human eye.

A camera may work with the light of the visible spectrum or with other portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. A still camera is an optical device which creates a single image of an object or scene, and records it on an electronic sensor or photographic film. All cameras use the same basic design: light enters an enclosed box through a converging lens and an image is recorded on a light-sensitive medium.

A shutter mechanism controls the length of time that light can enter the camera. Most photographic cameras have functions that allow a person to view the scene to be recorded, allow for a desired part of the scene to be in focus, and to control the exposure so that it is not too bright or too dim.

A movie camera or a video camera operates similarly to a still camera, except it records a series of static images in rapid succession, commonly at a rate of 24 frames per second. When the images are combined and displayed in order, the illusion of motion is achieved.

The function of camera is described in paragraph …

A camera is an optical instrument for recording images, which may be stored locally, transmitted to another location, or both. The images may be individual still photographs or sequences of images constituting videos or movies. The functioning of the camera is very similar to the functioning of the human eye.

A camera may work with the light of the visible spectrum or with other portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. A still camera is an optical device which creates a single image of an object or scene, and records it on an electronic sensor or photographic film. All cameras use the same basic design: light enters an enclosed box through a converging lens and an image is recorded on a light-sensitive medium.

A shutter mechanism controls the length of time that light can enter the camera. Most photographic cameras have functions that allow a person to view the scene to be recorded, allow for a desired part of the scene to be in focus, and to control the exposure so that it is not too bright or too dim.

A movie camera or a video camera operates similarly to a still camera, except it records a series of static images in rapid succession, commonly at a rate of 24 frames per second. When the images are combined and displayed in order, the illusion of motion is achieved.

From the text, we know that …

A camera is an optical instrument for recording images, which may be stored locally, transmitted to another location, or both. The images may be individual still photographs or sequences of images constituting videos or movies. The functioning of the camera is very similar to the functioning of the human eye.

A camera may work with the light of the visible spectrum or with other portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. A still camera is an optical device which creates a single image of an object or scene, and records it on an electronic sensor or photographic film. All cameras use the same basic design: light enters an enclosed box through a converging lens and an image is recorded on a light-sensitive medium.

A shutter mechanism controls the length of time that light can enter the camera. Most photographic cameras have functions that allow a person to view the scene to be recorded, allow for a desired part of the scene to be in focus, and to control the exposure so that it is not too bright or too dim.

A movie camera or a video camera operates similarly to a still camera, except it records a series of static images in rapid succession, commonly at a rate of 24 frames per second. When the images are combined and displayed in order, the illusion of motion is achieved.

The word rapid in par.4 has similar meaning like…