1. What scale are catheters expressed in?

2. Using the scale, if I have a diameter of 12 what is the millimeters?

*Choose all that apply

What is the term for RBC's in the urine?

1. T/F: It is best practice to clean the prepuce/vulva before collecting a voided sample.

2. When should you start collecting the patients urine voided sample?

T/F

There are four procedures you will perform during a urinalysis.

Physical appearance

SG

Urine chemistry

Sedimentation

What is the normal range for a canine and feline specific gravity?

*Choose all that apply.

Choose which pictures are artifacts in a urine sedimentation. (AKA trash)

What is the basic functional unit of the kidney?

Which test on the dipstick is NEVER recorded.

Usually appear as colorless, three-dimensional, prism-like crystals (“coffin lids”). Most common type of crystal in urine from dogs and cats. Their formation is favored in neutral to alkaline urine.

On the chemical reagent strip, the pH of a herbivore would be?

What is BEST practice when processing the urine sample?

How much urine should be collected for a urinalysis?

Calcium oxalate dihydrate crystals: These crystals can occur in urine of any pH. These crystals are often seen in normal urine from domestic animals and can also be an artifact of storage (they can develop in stored urine), emphasizing the need to perform a urinalysis on fresh urine samples.

If I were going to collect a void urine sample from a horse, what are some ways to get them to urinate?

Your urine sample is off the "scale" (over 1.060) for the SG.

What does this mean?

Dalmatians and birds excrete this chemical unchanged in the urine.

What type of catheter is this?

Identify the small, round, yellow to reddish, refractile objects found in this urine sediment. Some of these objects are crenated indicating that the urine sample is probably highly concentrated.

Are larger than RBC’s. Spherical with a dull grey to greenish hue.  Usually identified by the presence of a nucleus and granules in the cytoplasm.  Excessive amounts in the urine is known as pyuria and it indicates an inflammatory or infectious process (nephritis, cystitis, ureteritis, urethritis).

How many fields should be observed when reviewing a urine sedimentation?

A routine urine sample should be collected in a container/tube that contains ___.

Which is the hyaline cast?

What urinary parasite is this?

On your urine chemistry you notice the bilirubin is highly elevated. What could cause this result?

1. What is this type of epithelial cell?

2. Where is it found?

Which is the foley urinary catheter?

If a urine sample was needed to send to the lab for culturing, which collection method will be the least contaminated.

1. What is this type of epithelial cell?

2. Where is it found?

1. Which is the Ammonium Biurate (Urate) crystal.

2. What breeds are likely to have this in their urine?

1. Which indicator on the dipstick is not reliable (can be falsely pos. or neg.) but can detect bacteria in the urine.

2. What is the most common organism found in the urine?

Which is the Tom Cat urinary catheter?

Sex-linked inheritance is suspected since male dogs are almost exclusively affected. Many breeds, as well as mongrels, have been reported affected . Renal function otherwise appears to be normal and, aside from a tendency to form uroliths, the defect is without serious consequence.

1. What type of crystal is this?

2. What species are they common in?

After reviewing your 10-fields, these are the numbers you get for RBC’s/hpf.

What is the range? What is the scale?

1. What type of crystal is this?

2. What might have this animal ingested?

The term for urine that is red brown in color because of the breakdown in muscle fibers is?

On the chemical reagent strip, the pH of a carnivore would be?