Al-Andalus was a complete break with the Visigothic past:

Which was the first Arab dynasty to rule in Al-Andalus?

Which was the name of the Visgothic defeated king?

Which was the first capital established by Muslims?

Which was the Muslims’ political centre of gravity?

In which year was the independent emirate of Cordoba established?

Which caliph did end with the period of civil war (fitna) in Al-Andalus?

The Caliphate of Cordoba was the strongest state in Spain since the Romans and one of the two most effective in Europe at that time -along with Byzantium-:

Which was the name of the new court and administrative centre of the Caliphate of Cordoba?

Under which caliph did Al-Andalus reach the apex of its power, ruling almost the entire Peninsula?

The Taifas were temporarily reunified under two Berber dynasties:

Taifas maintained much the same fiscal and political structures inherited from the Caliphate of Cordoba, but they did not remain wealthier than their Christian counterparts:

The Almohads moved the capital from Cordoba to:

The leader of the Muslim community and source of all political power:

The community of Qur’anic scholars and jurists common to all Muslim polities:

Military marches between Al-Andalus and Christian kingdoms:

Thugur enjoyed greater political autonomy and were usually ruled by ex-Hispano-Romans families: