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WorksheetsAntirretrovirales
Total questions: 18
Worksheet time: 14mins
HIV belongs to the (a) viral family
HIV particles are composed of two copies of single stranded RNA genome and two enzymes, reverse transcriptase and integrase, which are required for virions formation.
True
False
Why it is importante to know the structure of HIV
Examples of NON NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS
Nevirapine, Delavirdine, Efavirenz, Etravirine, Rilpivirine
Enfuvirtide, Maraviroc
Cidofovir, Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, Adevofovir dipivoxil
Saquinavir, Ritonavir, Indinavir, Nelfmavir, Amprenavir, Atazanavir, Fosamprenavir, Tipranavir
What is the most important factor to consider when deciding to initiate ARV therapy?
CD4 count
Consideration of any co-morbid conditions, the willingness and readiness of the patient to initiate therapy, and the availability of resources.
CD4 count and viral load
Comorbilities, capacity of the patient to swallow, CD4 count and viral load
How is effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy measured?
Decreasing of symptoms and improvement of the functional state
Determined by assessing virological response by measuring viral load, results having less than 400 copies/ml indicating an adequate response and results under 50 copies/ml indicating an optimal response.
Determined by assessing virological response by measuring viral load, however the main respond will be lead by the decrease in symptoms
Determined by assessing virological response by measuring viral load, results having more than 400 copies/ml indicating an adequate response and results more than 50 copies/ml indicating an optimal response.
What does BHIVA stands for
British HIV Association guidelines on antiretroviral treatment for adults living with HIV-1 2022 -so
Basic HIV Association guidelines on antiretroviral treatment for adults living with HIV-1 2022 -so
Bright HIV Association guidelines on antiretroviral treatment for adults living with HIV-1 2022 -so
Bast HIV Association guidelines on antiretroviral treatment for adults living with HIV-1 2022 -so
What is Zidovudine principle side effect
Alterations in liver function that required of drug dose modifications
Fatigue, headache, nausea, and vomiting.
Its principal toxic effect is dose-dependent suppression of bone marrow, resulting in anemia and leukopenia.
profound drowsiness and lethargy
How should you tell a patient to take Emtricitabine?
With food
at least 30 min before or after food
In the morning right after weaking up
Al least 1 hour before the firt meal
Nevirapine most common adverse event
acute liver injury.
acute kidney injury
Edema, erythema nodosum, fatigue, fever
What does PEP stands for
Pre-Exposure Protection
Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis
Post-Exposure Prophylaxis
Post-Experience Protection
A 26-year-old female patient arrives at the emergency department reporting that she had high-risk intercourse and requests initiation of PEP. How much time do you have to start this therapy
ideally within 72 hours. Adherence to a full 28-day course of ARVs is critical to the effectiveness of the intervention.
ideally within the next 12 hours. Adherence to a full 28-day course of ARVs is critical to the effectiveness of the intervention.
ideally within 96 hours. Adherence to a full 56-day course of ARVs is critical to the effectiveness of the intervention.
ideally within 24 hours. Adherence to a full 3 month course of ARVs is critical to the effectiveness of the intervention.
how effective PEP is?
reduce the risk 100%
reduce the risk 80%
reduce the risk 90%
reduce the risk 60%
Afther the HIV diagnosis, how fast should one star ARTS
before 2 weeks
When all the test are complete and we have a viral load
When CD4 count goes under 50
When symptoms start, or before 5 week
A 41-year-old male patient arrives at the ER, reports that he has presented weight loss, changes in bowel movements, chest pain, cough with phlegm and respiratory distress, studies are performed finding CD4 <200, sputum sample with Pneumocystis pneumonia.
What diagnosis do you conclude?
AIDS
+ pneumonia
HIV + TB
AIDS
HIV + AIDS
What is the best treatment to start
Commence ART + ATB for acute infection within the next 14 days
Commence ART + ATB for acute infection within the next 7 days
Commence + ATB for acute infection and then start ART
Commence ATB + steroid therapy when cd4 count regularized start ART
Virologic Failure
The inability to achieve or maintain suppression of viral replication to HIV RNA level <200 copies/mL.
Two consecutive plasma HIV RNA levels ≥200 copies/mL after 24 weeks on an ARV regimen in a patient who has not yet had documented virologic suppression on this regimen. A patient’s baseline HIV RNA level may affect the time course of response, and some regimens may take longer than others to suppress HIV RNA levels.
After virologic suppression, confirmed HIV RNA level(s) ≥200 copies/mL
After virologic suppression, an isolated detectable HIV RNA level that is followed by a return to virologic suppression.
Incomplete Virologic Response
Two consecutive plasma HIV RNA levels ≥200 copies/mL after 24 weeks on an ARV regimen in a patient who has not yet had documented virologic suppression on this regimen. A patient’s baseline HIV RNA level may affect the time course of response, and some regimens may take longer than others to suppress HIV RNA levels.
After virologic suppression, an isolated detectable HIV RNA level that is followed by a return to virologic suppression.
Confirmed detectable HIV RNA level <200 copies/mL.
A confirmed HIV RNA level below the LLOD of available assays.
