WorksheetsEarth Science Unit 1 Origins
Total questions: 37
Worksheet time: 20mins
When Gravity was weak, these two light gases fused together to form our sun:
nitrogen and oxygen
hydrogen and helium
krypton and argon
carbon and oxygen
The idea that the Universe formed from a single point that exploded into space and began expanding
Solar Nebula Hypothesis
The Big Bang Theory
Impact Theory
Theory of Relativity
A cloud of dust and gas that formed our solar system is known as a/an:
planetesimal
protoplanet
nebula
galaxy
Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are known as terrestrial planets. They are made of:
ice and gas
rock, metal, silicates
hydrogen and helium
ice, dust, and debris
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are known as Jovian planets. What are these planets made of?
rock, silicates, and metals
ammonia gas, dust, ice
hydrogen and helium
all of the above
According to the film, "One Strange Planet" how did the Earth's moon form?
Earth's sister planet Theia collided with it and a piece broke off forming the moon
Earth's gravity trapped a moon from nearby Mars
A hunk of swiss cheese flew off of the space shuttle and became our moon
all of the above
According to the film, One Strange Rock, how did water first reach the planet forming the first atmosphere?
comets and asteroids hitting Earth and their icy tails released water vapor
Rain falling to the earth as the planet cooled and over tine it collected enough to make oceans
oceans evaporating as the climate heated up causing rain to fall in the sky
A big dinosaur took a giant pee
As a planet's distance from the sun increases, what happens to the temperature of the planet?
increases (gets hotter)
remains unchanged
decreases (gets colder)
nobody really knows
Which of the following is the weakest (in terms of evidence) as it is known as an educated guess:
Hypothesis
Theory
Law
Paradigm
Which of the following is a good example of a hypothesis?
Kids love candy!
If I give the kid candy, then he will be more hyper.
In a recent study, candy was shown to cause cavities.
Candy and obesity are directly linked.
Which of the following pieces of evidence from recent space missions best support the solar nebula hypothesis for the origin of our solar system?
Rock samples from planets taken outside our solar system
Observations from Kepler and JWST that show images of similar solar systems forming today
Interviews with alien life forms confirming their planets features
all of the above
Which of the following correctly describes the steps of the solar nebula hypothesis?
A large star exploded, planets formed instantly, and then a gas cloud formed, that cloud began getting hotter and hotter and expanding until the Universe and the Solar System formed at the same time
A cloud of gas and dust collapsed under gravity, spun into a disk, formed the Sun at the center, and planets formed from material in the disk
Explosion from a single point- gravity causes the galaxies to expand-they continue to expand today
The Sun formed first, then attracted gas and dust from other stars, which became the planets
They layers of Earth separated due to different densities. This is known as:
accretion
inertia
disassociation
differentiation
In the data table shown here, which of the following is a "constant or controlled variable"
mass of marble
Trial number
Height above the pan
diameter of impact
An atheltic trainer wants to know if giving the team steroids will improve thier athletic performance. What is the independent variable?
the athlete
the trainer
the steroids
the score of the game
Which statement is true:
The sun is older than the Universe
The universe and the Earth are the same age
The universe is older than the Sun and the Earth
none of these are true
A science teacher wants to know if playing a review game days before the test, will raise student exam scores. What is the dependent variable?
study guide
review game
exam scores of students
all of these
Besides seismic (earthquake) waves and meteorites, what other thing helped us learn about the interior of the Earth?
tree rings
volcanic eruptions
climate change
solar flares
Why are meteorites so valuable to scientists on Earth?
They often contain gold due to high temperatures that can be sold for a high profit to universities
They contain the story of where our planet came from because they match the layers and density of Earth
They are so old they are considered antiques (kind of like Clark)
all of these
Which planet is known as the Earth's twin, due to size and the geology of internal layers?
Mars
Jupiter
Mercury
Venus
What is the hottest layer of all? (look at the picture)
inner core
outer core
mantle
crust
Which of the following lists the correct order of plants from the Sun?
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
Mars, Venus, Jupiter, Earth, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune.Mercury
Mercury, Uranus, Earth, Saturn, Jupiter, Venus. Mars, Nepune
none of these
How do we know what is inside the Earth?
we have drilled into the mantle and taken samples
we observe how seismic waves travel through layers of the earth
we have weighed the Earth from space and calculated its mass
we have used gamma rays to peer into the different layers
We have a North and A South Pole. The Earth's magnetosphere give us evidence for?
climate change
outer core is liquid and magnetic
convection currents in the mantle
that the mantle is a liquid and radioactive
Why have scientists studied exoplanetary systems other than our own solar system?
We want to build prisons on other planets for the worst inmates to keep them there.
We want to make a new Earth because ours is running out of resources and we need a fresh start
scientists can compare these systems to our own to learn more about our solar system
all of these
What are the circles in the mantle that rise and fall due to heat from the Earth's core?
convection currents
magnetic field
radiation pulses
none of these
Which of the following statements is true:
P waves can only travel through solids not liquids or gases
S waves speed up when they hit a liquid and p waves completely stop
P waves slow down in liquids, S waves stop when they hit the liquid outer core
All of these are true
Which of the following is true about the diagram shown here:
it helped prove the outer core was a liquid
it proved that all of the layers were solid
it proved that the mantle was a liquid
it proved that the inner core was a liquid
You have been working on research for a long time. Your hypothesis was proven incorrectly. What should be done?
value it because it still taught you some important information for future studies
throw it out and change careers. You knew you were no rocket scientist.
change the data so your hypothesis is correct, you are probably being paid for this.
blame it on your lab partners and go about your business
Which planets have higher densities due to the fact they are made of rock and metal?
Jovian planets (Gas giants)
Dwarf planets
Terrestrial Planets (earth like planets)
all of these
Which statement best explains why planets stay in orbit around the Sun?
The Sun’s gravity pulls on the planets, balancing their forward motion
Planets are pushed and propelled at very high speeds by solar wind
Planets stop moving once they reach their orbits
The Sun repels the planets with magnetic fields
Challenge question:
Which of the following best describes how moons move in the solar system?
All moons orbit the Sun directly, just like planets
Moons orbit planets, and their paths are affected by both the planet’s gravity and their own motion
Moons always orbit in the same plane as the planet’s equator
Moons do not move, but stay fixed above the same spot on a planet. We are moving so we assume the moon is moving
Which layer is the coolest, under the least pressure, and is the least dense:
crust
mantle
outer core
inner core
How far have we actually been able to dig into the depths of the Earth?
all the way to the inner core with heat resistant technology
through the crust and barely into the mantle, otherwise heat and pressure take over
into the outer core, this is how we verified it was a liquid
only a few miles into the crust
Take a guess:
Which branch of Earth science deals with rocks, fossils, and the history of Earth
Meteorology
Geology
Hydrology
Astronomy
What branch of Earth Systems deals with planets, stars, and formation of the Universe?
Astronomy
Hydrology
Meteorology
Geology
The outer core is mostly made of what?
liquid iron
gassy ammonia
solid rock
solid nickel
