A key molecule that is involved in a particular metabolic or signaling pathway that is specific to disease

The central driving force for new drug discovery today

Drugs activity is tested on isolated tissues, cells or enzymes

Bioassay which induces a clinical condition and treated with the test drug

A compound showing a desired pharmacological property which can be used to initiate a medicinal chemistry project

Source of estrogen and progesterone

Used as a hypotensive agent and tranquilizer

Animal source of estrogen

Capable of examining 15,000 chemical compounds a week using 10 – 20 bioassay

Use to determine structure of compounds, except

Atoms and functional groups required for a specific pharmacological activity, and their relative positions in space

The study of the interaction of drugs with cells

The science of the properties of the drugs and its effects in the body

The handling of a drug within the body, it includes the ADME processes

Filed before drug may be given to human (clinical trials)

These studies also evaluate drug metabolism, structure-activity relationships, and the mechanism of action in humans.

This phase of testing also helps determine the common short-term side effects and risks associated with the drug.

These studies are intended to gather the additional information about effectiveness and safety that is needed to evaluate the overall benefit-risk relationship of the drug.

It is submitted for review and approval after the completion of the clinical trials and requirements have been met.