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WorksheetsATTENTION-CH3-INTRO-TO-COGSCI
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 7mins
What is stimulus-driven attention (or exogenous control)?
Attention controlled by the individual's PAIN tolerance
Attention controlled by the individual's GOOGLE search history
Attention controlled by the individual's GOALS
Attention controlled by a STIMULUS (e.g., its saliency)
How does Treisman's attenuation theory assume that information is handled?
based on physical features (e.g., pitch), some information is weakened but not completely filtered out
based on physical features (e.g., pitch), information is filtered out
What is space-based attention?
Focusing attention on people
Focusing attention to regions/location in space
Focusing attention to particular objects
Focusing attention on your great teachers<333
What do the early-selection theories propose?
Serial bottlenecks occur early in information processing (before we perceive the “entire” stimulus)
Serial bottlenecks occur late in information processing (after we perceive the stimulus)
What does "serial bottlenecks" refer to?
Ability to focus on one message and ignore all others
Points in the path from perception to action where people cannot process all the information in parallel
Sudden redirection of your attention e.g., due to loud noise
What is inattentional blindness?
The amount of information input that a person can handle
Not perceiving some stimuli while paying attention to other stimuli
A rapid shifting of attention, usually caused by stimulus such as a loud noise
What is goal-directed attention (or endogenous control)?
Attention controlled by a STIMULUS (e.g., its saliency)
Attention controlled by the individual's GOALS
Attention controlled by the individual's GOOGLE search history
Attention controlled by the individual's PAIN tolerance
What do participants do in a classic dichotic listening task?
Listen to 2 messages (1 in each ear) and repeat back the words from only 1 message
Listen to 2 messages (1 in each ear) and repeat back all the words from both messages
What does central bottleneck refer to?
the inability of central cognition to pursue multiple lines of thought simultaneously (limit on multitasking)
Points in the path from perception to action where people cannot process all the information in parallel
What is the binding problem?
The problem of detecting changes in a visual scene
The problem of how an object’s features are put together by the brain during perception
The problem of keeping attention on what matters in life
How does Broadbent's Filter Theory assume that information is handled?
based on physical features (e.g., pitch), information is filtered out
based on physical features (e.g., pitch), some information is weakened but not completely filtered out
What is the STROOP effect?
When the word and colour does not match, we find it difficult to name the colour of the printed word
When the word and colour matches, we find it difficult to name the colour of the printed word
Which problem does the feature-integration theory aim to explain?
The google problem
The problem of serial bottlenecks
The FOMO problem
The binding problem
What is inhibition of return?
Decreased ability to return attention to a location/object that has already been attended
That one must focus attention on a stimulus before its features can be integrated
Why are we so heavily impacted by the Stroop effect?
Because colours are difficult for us to understand
Because reading is such an automatic process
Because we combine words and colours in our head
Because mobile phones have destroyed our ability to read
What does Treisman's feature-integration theory propose?
That the brain does not integrate features but instead compares stimulus to templates
That one must focus attention on a stimulus before its features can be integrated
What is object-based attention?
Focusing attention to particular objects
Focusing attention on your great teachers<333
Focusing attention on people
Focusing attention to regions/location in space
What are illusory conjunctions?
Reporting combinations of features that did not occur when describing a single object
Reporting novel stimuli more easily than stimuli that has already been attended to
Which type of theory do Attenuation theory and Filter theory fall under?
feature-integration theory
late-selection theory of attention
early-selection theory of attention
theory of automaticity
What does the late-selection theory propose?
Serial bottlenecks occur early in information processing (before we perceive the “entire” stimulus)
Serial bottlenecks occur late in information processing (after we perceive the stimulus)
