WorksheetsRenal Quiz
Total questions: 15
Worksheet time: 19mins
Inulin, a polymer of fructose is used to measure GFR. If the clearance of a substance which is freely filtered is less than that of inulin, then there is
Net reabsorption of the substance in the tubules
Net secretion of the substance in the tubules
Neither secretion nor reabsorption of the substance in the tubules
Greater secretion of the substance in the proximal tubule than in distal tubule
Vasopressin (ADH) simulates the production of aquaporins to facilitate water reabsorption. In the absence of vasopressin, the greatest fraction of filtered water is absorbed in which part of the tubules?
A
B
C
D
E
Long term regulation of Blood Pressure occurs through Renin angiotensin system .Which of the following factor will result in decreased renin secretion,
Hypotension
Hemorrhage
Dehydration
Administration of drug that blocks ACE enzyme
Cirrhosis
In minimal change nephropathy, small proteins like albumin are lost in the urine leading to albuminuria or proteinuria. The most likely cause leading to protein loss in this condition is due to
A noticeable change in the histology of kidney
Loss of negative charges in glomerular capillary membrane
A high rate of filtration across the glomerular capillary membrane
An increase in the size of the pores
Selective filtration which allows only small size proteins to filter easily
Juxtamedullary Nephrons play a role in producing concentrated urine. Which of the following statement is true regarding juxtamedullary nephrons,
Constitute 80 – 85 % of nephrons
Have renal Corpuscle in the outer cortex
Have short loops of Henle
Have peritubular capillaries which form Vasa Recta
Have no Vasa Recta
Kidneys have an excretory,regulatory and endocrine function to perform.Which of the following statement does not reflect its function in maintaining homeostasis
Excretion of end products of metabolism
Maintain water balance and plasma volume
Maintain Acid-Base balance by adjusting urine output of H+ & HCO3 ions
Secretion of Erythropoietin to stimulate erythrocyte production in bone marrow
Store Vitamin D in its inactive form in the proximal tubules
A patient presented with high plasma sodium concentration, hypovolemia and negative free water clearance wit decreased urine flow. Based on the above symptoms, what will be your likely diagnosis,
Deficient secretion of ADH
Excessive salt consumption wit water
Excessive water intake
SIADH
Water deprivation
Ability of the kidneys to produce concentrated urine is attributed to the countercurrent multiplier effect at Loop of Henle, regarding this effect, which statement is true,
High permeability of descending part of loop of Henle to solutes
High permeability of descending part of loop of Henle to water
Low permeability of descending part of loop of Henle to water
Low permeability of thick ascending part of loop of Henle to solutes
High concentration of solute in medullary interstitium
What is the clearance of a substance when its concentration in the plasma is 10 mg/dL, its concentration in the urine is 100 mg/dL, and urine flow is 2 mL/ min?
2 mL/min
10 mL/min
20 mL/min
200 mL/min
Clearance cannot be determined from the information given
To produce a concentrated urine, vasopressin
induces the movement of aquaporin from the cytoplasm to the cell membrane of proximal tubule cells
increases the movement of aquaporin-2 from the cytoplasm to the cell membrane of collecting duct cells
has no effect on molecular motors in proximal tubule cells
has no effect on molecular motors in collecting duct cells
increases Na+ reabsorption in the thick ascending limb of Henle
Which of the following causes the greatest increase in the amount of K+ excreted in the urine?
Mannitol
Calcium chloride
Aldactone
Furosemide
Ethanol
Which of the following is the principal buffer in interstitial fluid?
Hemoglobin
Other proteins
Carbonic acid
H2PO4
Compounds containing histidine
A man is admitted to hospital for sever epigastric pain. He has had persistent nausea and vomiting for 4 days. Upper GI endoscopy shows a pyloric ulcer with partial gastric outlet obstruction. His arterial blood gases are consistent with
Metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis
Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) is the fluid filtered through all the glomeruli of both the kidneys in one minute. It can be calculated using the formula, GFR = Kf x Net Filtration Pressure. Which of the following factor will result into decrease GFR?
Constriction of afferent arteriole
Constriction of efferent arteriole
Increased permeability of glomerular capillary
Increased hydrostatic pressure in Bowman’s capsule
Increased colloid osmotic pressure in glomerular capillaries
Absorption of glucose and amino acids in kidneys occur through secondary active reabsorption Which of the following statement regarding their reabsorption is correct?
Occurs through sodium-glucose co-transporters (SGLT2 & SGLT1)
Their reabsorption occurs downhill with Sodium along its chemical gradient
Occurs through a carrier protein on basal side of the proximal tubular cell
Involves a counter transport mechanism
Utilizes ATP generated by movement of ions down the concentration gradient
