In an adversary system the parties to a controversy develop and present their arguments, gather and submit evidence, call and question witnesses, and, within the confines of certain rules, control the process.

Due process is a requirement that legal matters be resolved according to established rules and principles, and that individuals be treated fairly.

The three goals of the criminal justice system is to do justice, control crime, and prevent crime.

Discretion is the freedom to not to decide what should be done in a particular situation.

A mala in se crime is an act that is found to violate morality rules set forth by a society. Example: Murder.

Mala prohibita refers to actions that are illegal simply because laws forbid them. Example: Gambling

A misdemeanor is a less serious crime than a felony. Felonies are the most serious crimes you can commit and have long jail or prison ...

The dark figure of crime refers to crimes that do not come to the attention of police because they were not reported or it was unclear that a crime occurred or no one knew of the crime. The dark figure of crime means that crime statistics may not reflect the reality of crime.

What is the most important law in the United States?

Which of the following is NOT one of the three components of the criminal justice system?

The Due Process Clause is part of which Amendment?

How many Amendments are in the Bill of Rights?

What is the Latin term for the law of retribution?

There are three branches to the federal government. Which is responsible for enacting laws?

There are three branches to the federal government. Which is responsible for interpreting laws?

There are three branches to the federal government. Which is responsible for enforcing laws?

What are the two independent criminal justice systems?

The criminal justice system is concerned with everyone being treated the same. This is referred to as:

Actions that are “wrong in themselves”

An action that is wrong only because society deems it wrong:

A crime punishable by over a year in prison:

Crime that is not known by the police and difficult to quantify:

What agency compiles and reports the Uniformed Crime Report Data:

What is the level of evidence necessary to arrest a person?

What US Supreme Court case addressed the issue of objectively reasonable use of force to effect an arrest?

A grand jury is convened to determine what level of evidence exists?

During the initial appearance, a judge or magistrate will do several things. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

In states that do not have a grand jury system, a prosecutor reviews and arrest to determine if there is sufficient evidence to move forward. If the prosecutor decides to continue with the case, they issue a charging document called a(n) ________________________.

What is the primary reason for bail?

What kind of trial has only a judge to determine innocence or guilt and sentencing?

What kind of trial has a jury as the finders of fact and a judge for sentencing?

What level of evidence is necessary to find a person guilty in a criminal trial?

A writ of certiorari is: