Bacteria with thick peptidoglycan layer and absence of outer lipid membrane in cell walls. In a gram stain test, these organisms yield a positive result. The test, which involves a chemical dye, stains the bacterium’s cell wall purple

Don’t hold the dye. They stain pink

A sample of a substance or material for examination or study

A common technique used to differentiate two large groups of bacteria based on their different cell wall constituents

Spaces in the nuclear envelope that function to control the transport of substances through it

Double membrane composed of phospholipid bilayers surrounding a cell nucleus

Vesicle contains digestive enzymes

Spherical to elongated structures found in most eukaryotic cells that produce most of the ATP in the cell

A biological membrane that separates the interior of a cell from its outside environment

General term used to describe the semiliquid, gelatinous material inside a cell

A small, circular molecule of DNA that replicates independently of the chromosome. Each carries genes for its own replication and often for one or more non- essential functions such as resistance to antibiotics

Found in plastid or the cytoplasm, assumed to be food reserves, often of glycogen or other carbohydrate polymers

Isotonic solutions have the same water concentration on both sides of the cell membrane.

General term for membranous sac that stores or carries a substance in a cell

Vesicle found in all eukaryotic cells that degrade poisonous metabolic wastes

The budding of each daughter cell leaves a ring-shaped deposit, termed the bud scar, on the cell wall of the mother cell