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WorksheetsCARDIO QUIZ
Total questions: 25
Worksheet time: 20mins
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a recognized association with :
Infant of Diabetic Mother
Marfan Syndrome
William Syndrome
Trisomy 21
The definition of HYPERTENSION in children is
average systolic BP and/or diastolic BP that is > 95th percentile for age, sex on >3 occasions
average systolic BP and/or diastolic Bp that is > 95th percentile for age, sex and height on >2 occasions
average systolic BP and/or diastolic BP that is > 95th percentile for age, sex and height on >3 occasions
average systolic BP and/or diastolic. BP that is > 90th percentile for age, sex and height on >3 occasions
Of the following, the cyanotic cardiac lesion with decreased pulmonary blood flow is :
Transposition of the great vessels
Single Ventricle
Truncus Arteriosus
Tricuspid Atresia
A child was noted to have cyanosis. On x-ray, there was decreased pulmonary blood flow, narrow base of the heart, a concavity on the left border of the heart, right ventricular hypertrophy, and rounded apical shadow uptilted higher above the diaphragm. What is the diagnosis?
Tetralogy of Fallot
Truncus Arteriosus
TAPVR
TGA
Which of the following is the most common cause of Myocarditis?
Mycoplasma
Coxsackievirus B
Thyrotoxicosis
Leptospira
Liza is a 6-month old infant brought to the ER for difficulty of breathing. Her mother says that she is a "sickly" baby, being admitted 3 times previously for pneumonia. She is able to feed only 2 oz of milk formula every 3 hours, stopping frequently and becoming diaphoretic during sucking. On admission, O2 sat = 95% and you note a precordial bulge, bounding pulses and a continuous murmur at the left sternal border.
You suspect a congenital heart defect with a left-to-right shunt. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Atrial Septal Defect
Ventricular Septal Defect
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Endocardial Cushion Defect
Liza is a 6-month old infant brought to the ER for difficulty of breathing. Her mother says that she is a "sickly" baby, being admitted 3 times previously for pneumonia. She is able to feed only 2 oz of milk formula every 3 hours, stopping frequently and becoming diaphoretic during sucking. On admission, O2 sat = 95% and you note a precordial bulge, bounding pulses and a continuous murmur at the left sternal border.
Which of the following is not true of the management of Liza's condition?
Irrespective of age, patients with this condition require mechanical closure.
Closure of this defect is done in asymptomatic patients preferably before 1 year of age.
Pulmonary hypertension is a contraindication to surgery.
After closure, symptoms of frank heart failure rapidly disappear and infants who failed to thrive usually have immediate improvement in physical development.
What is the duration of prophylaxis for people with acute rheumatic fever with carditis without residual heart disease?
5 years of until 21 years of age, whichever is longer
10 years or until 21 years of age, whichever is longer
10 years or until 40 years of age, whichever is longer
lifelong prophylaxis
An infant was diagnosed to have Tetralogy of Fallot. On a subsequent admission, he was found to be restless after an episode of vigorous crying. He then became increasingly cyanotic, and developed gasping respiration. Which of the following statements is true?
An arterial blood gas should be extracted immediately to determine the severity of acidosis.
The patient should immediately be placed on the knee-chest position.
Administration of oxygen will reverse cyanosis caused by intracardiac shunting.
There is no role for the intravenous administration of sodium bicarbonate for severe Tet Spells.
Which of the following statements about hypercyanotic spells in Tetralogy of Fallot is incorrect?
Symptoms include hyperpnea, restlessness, increased cyanosis, gasping respirations and syncope.
The systolic murmur is noted to diminish in intensity due to decreased flow across the ventricular septal defect.
Metabolic acidosis may develop if PaO2 drops to less than 40 mmHg, thus therapy with sodium bicarbonate is warranted.
Phenylephrine increases systemic vascular resistance, thus it may be of help in reversing signs and symptoms.
What is the most common type of ventricular septal defect?
Membranous
Muscular
Supracristal
None of the above
What is the most common cardiac lesion found in children with Down Syndrome?
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Atrioventricular Septal Defect
Ebstein Anomaly
Coarctation of the Aorta
What condition causes the newborn infant to become cyanotic a few hours after birth due to decreased right ventricular compliance, leading to right-to-left shunting through a patent foramen ovale causing cyanosis?
Critical Pulmonary Stenosis
Critical Aortic Stenosis
Coarctation of the Aorta
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Which of the following statements is true about cyanosis in newborns?
Oxygen support is required as soon as possible.
A PaO2 of 100 mmHg after giving 100% FiO2 points to an underlying cardiac pathology.
Differentiation between cyanotic heart disease and persistent pulmonary hypertension is made by performing the hyperoxia test.
The most common cyanotic heart disease presenting in the newborn period is total anomalous pulmonary venous return.
A 15 year old male presented to the ER with complaint of easy fatigability and chest pain. He had history of frequent sore throat. On examination, BP 120/80, RR 40/min with pedal edema, orthopnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea and gr. 3/6 diastolic rumbling murmur heard over the APEX radiating to the axilla. Above clinical findings is consistent with :
RHD, AS, not in failure
RHD, MS, not in failure
RHD, MS, in failure
RHD, AR, in failure
A 15-day old patient came in due to poor pulses. She was also noted to have a murmur described as systolic ejection murmur on the right upper sternal border. On physical examination, patient was noted to have poor pulses, bp 40/20. Chest x-ray done showed decrease pulmonary vascular markings with LVH. What is the diagnosis of this patient?
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Mitral Insufficiency
Aortic Stenosis
Pulmonary Stenosis
An 8-year old male presented with grade 3 systolic murmur at the left upper parasternal border would have?
Right atrial enlargement and Right ventricular enlargement
Left atrial and left ventricular enlargement
No chamber enlargement
Multichamber enlargement
Which of the following is indicative of left ventricular hypertrophy in a 3 year old child?
peaked P waves
R/S in V1
None of the above
T wave inversion in V5 and V6
ECG findings of a patient with Tricuspid Valve Atresia with Pulmonary Stenosis are :
Axis +30 to +90, LVH
LAD, RAE, RVH
IRBBB, RAE, RVH
None of the above
Which of the following factors is not associated with the development of coronary artery disease in patients with Kawasaki disease?
duration of fever of > 16 days
age of < 1 year
first-degree atrioventricular block
male gender
The most common cause of death in competitive athletes is :
Aortic Stenosis
Long QT Syndrome
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Myocarditis
All patients with clinical evidence of a PDA are at increased risk for endocarditis. Which of the following conditions cannot be considered for closure?
Small, hemodynamically significant PDA
Moderate-sized PDA
PDA with severe irreversible pulmonary hypertension
Large PDA
A newborn male did well after birth and was discharged after 24 hours. Physical exam did not reveal any murmur. After 2 weeks, at the well-baby check-up, the Pediatrician heard a 3/6 pansystolic murmur heard best over the left midsternal border. The most likely lesion and the reason for the delay in hearing the murmur is :
ASD, the murmur was missed in the nursery
VSD, the murmur was missed in the nursery
ASD, the murmur is now audible as the pulmonary vascular resistance has dropped and there is a larger pressure gradient across the ASD
VSD, the murmur is now audible as the pulmonary vascular resistance has dropped and there is a larger pressure gradient across the VSD
Tall (>2.5 mm), narrow, and spiked P waves are seen in :
Ventricular Septal Defect
Severe Mitral Stenosis
Mitral Regurgitation
Ebstein Anomaly
Which chamber is enlarged? What is the most likely lesion of the patient?
LV, VSD
LV, PDA
RV, ASD
RV, CoA
