WorksheetsBiology Midterm #2
Total questions: 52
Worksheet time: 26mins
Exergonic reactions...
require energy.
release energy.
Where does Glycolysis occur?
Cytosol
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Which step of cellular respiration breaks down glucose into two molecules of a three-carbon compound called pyruvate?
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Pyruvate oxidation/ Citric Acid Cycle
Glycolysis
Where does the Citric Acid Cycle/ Pyruvate Oxidation occur?
Cytosol
Mitochondria
Nucleus
In which step of cellular respiration does the breakdown of pyruvate to carbon dioxide occur? (In this step energy is stored in the chemical bonds of NADH)
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Glycolysis
Pyruvate Oxidation / Citric Acid Cycle
In which step of cellular respiration does NADH release stored energy as electrons, in the electron transport chain, where the energy is used to transport H+ across the membrane?
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Glycolysis
Pyruvate Oxidation / Citric Acid Cycle
Cellular division of a single-celled organism means...
the repair of the cell.
the production of a new organism.
the growth of the cell.
In which phase of cellular division is 90% of the cell's time spent?
Mitotic phase
Telophase
Anaphase
Interphase
In interphase, what is the role of S-phase?
Confirming the DNA replicated properly
Growth
The duplication of DNA
Separating chromatids
Somatic cells are...
non-reproductive cells
reproductive cells
Choose the BEST answer: A complex of DNA and protein is called...
Sister chromosomes
Chromosomes
Chromatin
A Gene
In which phase does the nuclear envelope disappear?
Prophase
Prometaphase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
In which phase is there condensation of DNA and the nuclear envelope begins dissipating?
Prophase
Prometaphase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
In which phase does the cleavage furrow form?
Prophase
Prometaphase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
In which phase do chromosomes line up in the middle and microtubules attach to the centromeres?
Prophase
Prometaphase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
In which phase do the sister chromatids separate by being pulled apart by microtubules?
Prophase
Prometaphase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
What is the biggest risk factor for cancer?
Age
Mutagens
Sunlight
Diet
Environment
Abnormal cells that invade surrounding tissue is...
a benign tumor
a malignant tumor
True or False: Meiosis only occurs with reproductive cells
True
False
Cells that have two sets of chromosomes is...
Diploid
Haploid
Alternative versions of the same gene are...
Chromosomes
Alleles
Traits
Heterozygous means that the organism has two ______ alleles
different
identical
A phenotype is the...
physical appearance
genetic makeup
For a recessive gene to be expressed, the genotype needs to be...
Heterozygous
Homozygous Dominant
Homozygous Recessive
B represents blue feathers and b represents yellow feathers:
Bb is the genotype of a bird, what is their phenotype?
Green feathers
Yellow feathers
Blue feathers
Red feathers
the F1 generation is the offspring of which generation?
P generation
F2 generation
______ are more sensitive to recessive X-linked traits
Males
Females
What is the correct order?
Gene-> Protein-> mRNA
Protein-> Gene-> mRNA
mRNA-> Protein-> Gene
Gene-> mRNA-> Protein
The process of transforming information from nucleotide to nucleotide is called?
Transcription
Translation
The process of transforming information from nucleotide to amino acid is called?
Transcription
Translation
mRNA is mainly_______.
informational
functional
A protein is________.
informational
functional
A gene is ________.
informational
functional
Which uses ribose sugar?
DNA
RNA
________ is composed of a nitrogenous base, five-carbon sugar, and a phosphate group.
An amino acid
A protein
A nucleotide
A monosaccaride
Which enzyme connects short pieces of DNA together?
DNA helicase
DNA ligase
DNA polymerase
A pairs with...
T or U
C
G
T
C pairs with
T and U
C
G
A
T
What is tRNA involved in?
Transcription
Translation
In_______, transcription and translation can occur simultaneously because there is no nuclear envelope to cross.
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
A codon is...
the wheel that tells us the genetic code
a three-letter word that is code for mRNA
a three-letter word that is code for an amino acid
Choose the BEST answer: A promoter, in transcription, acts as...
a signal for the termination of transcription
a binding site for RNA
a site for the anticodon to connect to
a signal to begin transcription
A terminator, in transcription, acts as...
a signal to end the gene
a signal to start the gene
a binding site for RNA
a binding site for an anticodon
Which one is removed from the pre-mRNA?
Intron
Exon
True or False: a 5' cap is added to the end of an mRNA strand to stabilize it
True
False
Where does translation occur in the cell?
The mitochondria
The nucleus
The cytoplasm
The ribosome
A _______ mutation is when there is a change in the DNA, but there is no amino acid change.
nonsense
missense
silent
A nonsense mutation occurs when...
the wrong amino acid is present
a stop codon is present instead of a regular amino acid
there is a change in the DNA, but there is no amino acid change
an added nucleotide changes how the sequence is read
A _____ codon starts the translation of nucleotides to amino acids.
Start
Stop
Anti
True or False: A stop codon ends protein production.
True
False
A mutation that causes the reading of a nucleotide sequence to change is called...
Silent
Missense
Nonsense
Frame shift
The direction that DNA polymerase makes copies is:
from 5' to 3'
from 3' to 5'
