WorksheetsEvolution
Total questions: 15
Worksheet time: 18mins
This cladogram shows the evolutionary relationships among some mammals based on homologous structures. Which statement is supported by this cladogram?
Hippopotamuses are more closely related to cows than to javelinas
Javelinas and pigs are more closely related than baleen whales and toothed whales
Toothed whales are more closely related to mouse deer then to hippos
Cows and mouse deer are more cloesly related than javelinas and pigs
The limbs of several organisms are shown in the illustrations below. Scientists sometimes compare the limbs of these organisms to look for evidence of common ancestry. These limbs provide evidence of common ancestry because they —
Have the same basic structure
are the same size
perform the same function
are parts of mammals
Cetaceans are whales and their relatives. The diagram shows some fossils of cetaceans. Which statement provides the best evidence that Ambulocetus natans is an ancestor of Basilosaurus isis?
Homologous structures occur in each fossil
similar nitrogenous bases are found in the DNA of each fossil
the fossils were found in different locations
the youngest fossil is larger than the older fossils
The image shows part of the humerus bone in different genera of primates. Which statement is best supported by the observable structures of the different humerus bones?
the primates lived in similar environments
the primates interbreed with similar organisms in a population
the primates shared a common ancestor
the primates had diets that consisted of similar types of food
The graph shows the number of taxa of reptiles whose fossilized tracks have been found. Which statement is best supported by these data?
competition for food and shelter among reptile species was very low during Triassic period
a great extinction occured during the Jurassic peroid
environmental conditions for speciation were most favorable for reptiles during Permian period
Reptiles adapted to a terrestrial environment during Cretaceous period
The diagram shows data on the evolution of horses. The data in the diagram is evidence that —
horses slowly evolved over time
not all horses evolved from a common ancestor
horses have a common ancestry with other hooved animals
a new species suddenly appeared 3 million years ago
Genome maps provide the DNA sequences of chromosomes. Some scientists have compared the genome maps of a hedgehog and a sloth. What do these genome maps allow the scientists to determine?
the color patterns of the offspring of each species
the methods of protein synthesis that each species uses
how much the size ranges of the 2 species differ
how closely related the 2 species are to each other
An analysis of DNA and RNA sequences can be used to classify organisms. A dendrogram, such as the one shown below, is based on molecular data. It can be used to represent evolutionary relationships within a group of organisms that are hypothesized to have descended from a common ancestor.
lesser pandas are more genetically similar to giant pandas than they are to raccoons
lesser pandas are more genetically similar to raccoons than they are to giant pandas
the bear species ar eall genetically similar to dogs than they are to giant pandas
brown bears are more genetically similar to giant pandas than they are to sun bears
Match the vocab terms to their definition. Analogous structure?
change in a gene pool over time in a population
Structures are similar in the way they are structured (look the same)
Structures are similar in function
evidence of life in the past, it can be found in the ground fossilized
According to this cladogram, what characteristics do prosimians have in common with humans? Check all that apply
vertebrate (spine)
hair
eukaryotic
endothermic
The embryos of fish, chicken, pigs have gill slits and tails. The presence of these features suggests that:-
Pigs and chickens are closely related
These animals have a common ancestor
Gill slits and tails are required for embryonic development
All these animals can swim
Which evidence of common ancestry is being studied in this visual?
biogeography
anatomical homology
fossil record
molecular homology
Which evidence of common ancestry is being studied in this visual?
developmental homology(embryos)
molecular homology(genetics)
anatomical homology(structures)
All three
If two organisms have the same structures (even if they have a different function ex: leg bones of various mammals), it is considered _________________, but if they have different structures that perform the same function (ex: wings of birds and butterflies), it is considered ____________________.
Analogous; Homologous
Homologous; Analogous
Helpful; Harmful
. Harmful; Helpful
Using the cladogram to the right, which organism(s) do not have jaws?
lancelot
turtle
leopard
tuna
