Modal verbs use the ___ of the main verb to form sentences.

Modal verbs change based on the subject in a sentence.

To form questions and negative sentences, an auxilary is needed when using modal verbs.

Examples of modal verbs are:

Semi-modal verbs function as modal verbs and follow the same structure rules.

Examples of semi-modal verbs are:

With semi-modal verbs, an auxiliary is needed in negative and interrogative sentences.

Modal/semi-modal verbs for obligation & lack of obligation:

Modal/semi-modal verbs for prohibition:

Modal/semi-modal verbs for advice & recommendation:

Modal/semi-modal verbs for permission & lack of permission:

Obligation & lack of obligation in the past are expressed by:

Modal verbs for certainty & possibility:

This modal verb is used when something is probable:

This modal verb is used when something is not possible:

This modal verb is used when something is impossible:

This modal verb is used when something is possible:

For things that are considered totally true, modal verbs aren't used at all.

Choose the correct option to complete the sentence: You ____ to park here, it's illegal.

Choose the correct option to complete the sentence: You ___ ride your bicycle on this area, it's car entry only.

Choose the correct option to complete the sentence: You ___ speak quietly on the halls, there's an exam in progress.

Choose the correct option to complete the sentence: You ___ to switch off your phone on this flight, they're allowed.

Choose the correct option to complete the sentence: You ___ take your children to that movie, it's not recommended for them to watch it.

For certainty and possibility in the present, the structure used is:

For certainty an possibility in progress, the structure used is:

For certainty an possibility in the past, the structure used is:

Choose the correct explanation for the sentence: John must be asleep.

Choose the correct explanation for the sentence: That can't be my phone. Mine is in my pocket.

Choose the correct explanation for the sentence: That woman with Frank could be his wife.

Choose the correct option to complete the sentence: I think we ___ the wrong way, we've passed that sign twice already.

Choose the correct option to complete the sentence: I don't see another lake around, we ___ past the road we need to take!

Choose the correct option to complete the sentence: the rain was pouring yesterday, the road ___ closed because of that today.

Choose the correct option to complete the sentence: Look! I see the city lights over there, we ___ far away now.

Choose the correct option to complete the sentence: That petrol station wasn't nowhere near the lake on the map. We ___ the wrong turn a few miles back.