A method used to reduce the size of a sound file.

The maximum rate of transfer of data across a network, measured in kilobits per second (kbps) or megabits per second (Mbps)

A number system based on 2 and can only use the values 0 and 1

The basic computing element that is either 0 or 1 and is formed from the phrase Binary digit

The number of bits used to represent the smallest unit in a sound file

An image made up of pixels

A list of characters that have been defined by computer hardware and software. It is necessary so that the computer can understand human characters

The number of bits used to represent the colours of a pixel

The reduction of the size of a file by removing repeated or redundant pieces of data; this can be lossy or lossless

An error message generated by the computer

A number system based on the value 16 which uses denary digits 0 to 9 and letters A to F

A language used in the design of web pages

The number of pixels in the X-Y direction of an image

(for example, 4096 × 3192 pixels)

Identified either as IPv4 or IPv6; it gives a unique address to each device connected to a network identifying their location

A form of lossy file compression used with image files which relies on the inability of the human eye to distinguish certain colour changes and hues

An operation that shifts bits to the left or right in a register; any bits shifted out of a register (left or right) are replaced with zeroes

A file compression method that allows the original files to be fully restored during the decompression process, for example, run length encoding (RLE)

A file compression method in which parts of the original file cannot be recovered during the decompression process, for example, JPEG, MP3

This hexadecimal number uniquely identifies a device on the internet; it takes the form:NN-NN-NN-DD-DD-DD, where NN-NN-NN is the manufacturer code and DD-DD-DD is the device code NN-NN-NN-DD-DD-DD

Lossy file compression methods used for music files

The result of carrying out a calculation that produces a value that is too large for the computer’s allocated word size (8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit, and so on)

Derived from the term ‘picture element’, this is the smallest element used to make up an image on a display

Number of pixels per square inch

This is the result of zooming into a bitmap image to such a degree that the actual pixels themselves can be seen

A lossless file compression technique often used to reduce the size of text and photo files

The number of sound samples taken per second in digitalsound recording

A character set which represents all the languages of the world (the first 128 characters are the same as ASCII code)

A method of representing negative numbers in binary; when applied to an 8-bit system, the left-most bit (most significant bit) is given the value −128

The number of bits used to represent sound amplitude in digital sound recording (also known as bit depth)