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WorksheetsOntological Criticism
Total questions: 30
Worksheet time: 11mins
How Does Anselm Describe God?
That which is the most perfect
That than which nothing greater can be conceived
That than which nothing more powerful can be conceived
That which is omnibenevloent
What is the meaning of ontological?
Concerned with perfection
Concerned with presence
Concerned with power
Concerned with being
What was Gaunilo's objection to Anselm?
God doesn't exist
God exists, and so perfect islands exist
I can conceive of a perfect island, but this does not exist
Perfect islands exist
Anselm responds to Gaunilo by pointing out that islands have no _____________
Intrinsic maximum
Perfection
Necessary existence
Palm trees
Why did Gaunilo Reply to Anselm?
To confirm Anselm's Theory.
To complete Anselm's work.
On behalf of the fool.
On behalf of God.
What does "the fool" means in the Proslogion.
Ignorants
Those who believe in God
Those who say "There is no God".
A dumb person.
Give three ways aquinas criticized anselm
He uses a definition of god not shared by all believers, if the definition fails, the whole argument fails
Any discussion on god must not be based on synthetic propositions and experience but on analytic propositions.
He makes an inductive leap from an in re understanding of god to a de dicto definition of god, this is a fallacy.
Even if we agreed on god’s essence, we would have no way of knowing if we were correct
How does hume criticize anselm?
There are concepts like beauty and love which we generate through logic as opposed to observation, we see things as beautiful, but don’t see beauty itself.
The perfect island analogy, i can think of a perfect island, this does not mean that it actually exists.
Existence is not a predicate as it adds nothing to our understanding.
It’s impossible to take a concept, use logic a priori to come to a conclusion about it and then apply that conclusion in the external world a posteriori. As humans, we base our knowledge on the world around us and what we can rationally prove.
What does Russell think existence is?
A real predicate which adds a layer of understanding to the concept to which it is applied.
A predicate of god as it adds something to our understanding of the idea of god.
Defining something is to prove an intention about it by describing it
A false predicate, it appears to describe something, but doesn’t.
Name the philosopher who developed the other traditional form of the OA.
Descartes
Plantinga
Anselm
Malcolm
Name 2 philosophers who developed modern reformulations of the OA.
Descartes
Plantinga
Anselm
Malcolm
How does Descartes describe God?
A supremely powerful being
A supremely great being
A supremely benevolent being
A supremely perfect being
Name the writing in which Anselm outlined his OA.
Meditations
Proslogion
The Nature of Necessity
The Critique of Pure Reason
Name the writing in which Descartes outlined his OA.
Meditations
Proslogion
The Nature of Necessity
The Critique of Pure Reason
What does 'reduction ad absurdum' mean?
Reduce to complexity
Reduce to absurdity
Reduce to perfection
Reduce to simplicity
A Priori and Deductive arguments base their reasoning on ...
Logic
Experience
Evidence
Prediction
A posteriori and Inductive arguments base their reasoning on ...
Logic
Experience
Evidence
Prediction
According to Anselm, how must God exist if he is the greatest possible being?
In the mind and in reality
In the mind
In reality
He doesn't exist
According to Anselm, God must be ...
Necessary
Contingent
A contingent being is a being which ...
Is not dependent on someone or something else to exist
Is dependent on someone or something else to exist
What does Descartes state perfection implies?
Greatness
Powerfulness
Perfection
Goodness
What example does Descartes use to explain his OA?
Rectangle
Triangle
Square
Circle
Plantinga developed a modern reformulation of the OA, what was the main feature of his argument?
Possible islands
Possible Trees
Possible seas
Possible worlds
Which form of Anselm's argument does Malcolm agree with?
First Form
Second Form
Malcolm argues that God's existence is not impossible, so therefore God must exist. For God to exist he must then be ...
Necessary
Contingent
Which of the following thinkers responded directly to Anselm's OA?
Gaunilo
Kant
Russell
Davies
Which of the following thinkers responded directly to Descartes' OA?
Gaunilo
Kant
Russell
Davies
In Gaunilo's criticism of the OA, what example does he use?
A planet
A sea
An island
A world
What is Kant's main criticism of the OA?
Greatness is not a predicate
A priori is not a predicate
Perfection is not a predicate
Existence is not a predicate
What example does Kant use to illustrate his argument?
A troll
A unicorn
A duck
A fairy
