Natural biological control is important to decrease pests devoring people’s plants and crops. However, some people think that it’s expensive and needs much time.

Using forms of natural biological control has a positive outcome on our world. When we use everyday species that exist in the world today, we eliminate the need for using hazardous chemicals on our crops. This in turn, can prevent chemicals from damaging the environment and organisms. It helps to preserve the enviroment for generations to come.

On the other hand, there are negative sides of natural biological control. Using natural predators takes a lot more planning, and requires a great deal of patience. People in charge of it need to be more educated, which makes salaries of staff have to increase. In some cases it can also be more expensive. Introducing natural predators also takes time, and is not an instant fix like pesticides.

Whatever pros and cons about natural biological control, I think we had better use natural predators. It can eliminate the use of hazardous chemicals on our crop.

The following statements are true according to the text, except ________.

Natural biological control is important to decrease pests devoring people’s plants and crops. However, some people think that it’s expensive and needs much time.

Using forms of natural biological control has a positive outcome on our world. When we use everyday species that exist in the world today, we eliminate the need for using hazardous chemicals on our crops. This in turn, can prevent chemicals from damaging the environment and organisms. It helps to preserve the enviroment for generations to come.

On the other hand, there are negative sides of natural biological control. Using natural predators takes a lot more planning, and requires a great deal of patience. People in charge of it need to be more educated, which makes salaries of staff have to increase. In some cases it can also be more expensive. Introducing natural predators also takes time, and is not an instant fix like pesticides.

Whatever pros and cons about natural biological control, I think we had better use natural predators. It can eliminate the use of hazardous chemicals on our crop.

What is the writer’s opinion about natural biological control?

Natural biological control is important to decrease pests devoring people’s plants and crops. However, some people think that it’s expensive and needs much time.

Using forms of natural biological control has a positive outcome on our world. When we use everyday species that exist in the world today, we eliminate the need for using hazardous chemicals on our crops. This in turn, can prevent chemicals from damaging the environment and organisms. It helps to preserve the enviroment for generations to come.

On the other hand, there are negative sides of natural biological control. Using natural predators takes a lot more planning, and requires a great deal of patience. People in charge of it need to be more educated, which makes salaries of staff have to increase. In some cases it can also be more expensive. Introducing natural predators also takes time, and is not an instant fix like pesticides.

Whatever pros and cons about natural biological control, I think we had better use natural predators. It can eliminate the use of hazardous chemicals on our crop.

“. . . the need for using hazardous chemicals on our crops.” (Paragraph 2)

            The word ‘hazardous’ has opposite meaning to ________.

There are several positive and negative impacts of the Internet on education. One of the positive impacts of the Internet on education is that when you are curious about something. You can find out the information you need immediately from the Internet to satisfy your “hunger for learning”. If you are curious about the ants in your backyard, or if you want to know more about dinosaurs or any other prehistoric animals, there is an abundance of information at your fingertips and you can improve your knowledge.

On the other hand, some would argue that the Internet degrades the quality of research, throwing people into areas where the answers they find are low-quality guesses, at best. Since the Internet allows anyone to publish any kind of information, finding high quality information is sometimes difficult. The Internet can also be a huge distraction, like many other things that distract us from serious research.

What does the text mainly discuss?

There are several positive and negative impacts of the Internet on education. One of the positive impacts of the Internet on education is that when you are curious about something. You can find out the information you need immediately from the Internet to satisfy your “hunger for learning”. If you are curious about the ants in your backyard, or if you want to know more about dinosaurs or any other prehistoric animals, there is an abundance of information at your fingertips and you can improve your knowledge.

On the other hand, some would argue that the Internet degrades the quality of research, throwing people into areas where the answers they find are low-quality guesses, at best. Since the Internet allows anyone to publish any kind of information, finding high quality information is sometimes difficult. The Internet can also be a huge distraction, like many other things that distract us from serious research.

“The Internet also can be a huge distraction . . . .” (Paragraph 2)

            What is the opposite meaning of the underlined word?

There are several positive and negative impacts of the Internet on education. One of the positive impacts of the Internet on education is that when you are curious about something. You can find out the information you need immediately from the Internet to satisfy your “hunger for learning”. If you are curious about the ants in your backyard, or if you want to know more about dinosaurs or any other prehistoric animals, there is an abundance of information at your fingertips and you can improve your knowledge.

On the other hand, some would argue that the Internet degrades the quality of research, throwing people into areas where the answers they find are low-quality guesses, at best. Since the Internet allows anyone to publish any kind of information, finding high quality information is sometimes difficult. The Internet can also be a huge distraction, like many other things that distract us from serious research.

Why do some people disagree with the use of the Internet in education?

There are several positive and negative impacts of the Internet on education. One of the positive impacts of the Internet on education is that when you are curious about something. You can find out the information you need immediately from the Internet to satisfy your “hunger for learning”. If you are curious about the ants in your backyard, or if you want to know more about dinosaurs or any other prehistoric animals, there is an abundance of information at your fingertips and you can improve your knowledge.

On the other hand, some would argue that the Internet degrades the quality of research, throwing people into areas where the answers they find are low-quality guesses, at best. Since the Internet allows anyone to publish any kind of information, finding high quality information is sometimes difficult. The Internet can also be a huge distraction, like many other things that distract us from serious research.

Which of the following is NOT a good effect of the Internet on education?

Competition at Workplace

       Competition is inevitable at workplace. Each employee is trying to outdo another employee in his or her performance level. An employer appreciates an employee who performs well or rather excellently.

       What is a competition at workplace like? An employer judges an employee on the basis of his or her performance level. An employee is evaluated in comparison with other employees. In order to go up the ladder of success, the employee has to show better result than his or her co-employee. His or her output at work has to be of higher level than others’ in order to get a promotion or a good salary. If he or she performs well, then he or she is monetarily compensated well.

       Management encourages a competition in order to motivate employees and get better results from them in work matters. Even in sports, one athlete is competing with another athlete to win the race. The same principle applies at workplace.

       As a matter of fact, a competition at workplace provides some benefits. First, it will motivate the people to work hard so it will result in greater productivity and better quality of work. It will create work-oriented staff. Then, the process of a whole production will meet the deadlines. At last, it will result in higher profits.     

       However, there are also some disadvantages caused by competition at workplace. First, the competition may cause too much stress and work pressure on employees which further may affect their physical and mental health. In addition, an employer may not be too sympathetic towards his or her employees as he or she may be interested only in results. Then, the competition may become unhealthy. One employee may bring down another employee through malpractice in order to supercede the person.

                What I can summarize here is that a healthy competition is good for a company, while an unhealthy competition can lead to frictions among employees. The most important thing is cooperative spirit among employees is essential to make profits.

“. . . and get better results from them in work matters.” (Paragraph 3)

                The word ‘them’ refers to ________.

Competition at Workplace

       Competition is inevitable at workplace. Each employee is trying to outdo another employee in his or her performance level. An employer appreciates an employee who performs well or rather excellently.

       What is a competition at workplace like? An employer judges an employee on the basis of his or her performance level. An employee is evaluated in comparison with other employees. In order to go up the ladder of success, the employee has to show better result than his or her co-employee. His or her output at work has to be of higher level than others’ in order to get a promotion or a good salary. If he or she performs well, then he or she is monetarily compensated well.

       Management encourages a competition in order to motivate employees and get better results from them in work matters. Even in sports, one athlete is competing with another athlete to win the race. The same principle applies at workplace.

       As a matter of fact, a competition at workplace provides some benefits. First, it will motivate the people to work hard so it will result in greater productivity and better quality of work. It will create work-oriented staff. Then, the process of a whole production will meet the deadlines. At last, it will result in higher profits.     

       However, there are also some disadvantages caused by competition at workplace. First, the competition may cause too much stress and work pressure on employees which further may affect their physical and mental health. In addition, an employer may not be too sympathetic towards his or her employees as he or she may be interested only in results. Then, the competition may become unhealthy. One employee may bring down another employee through malpractice in order to supercede the person.

       What I can summarize here is that a healthy competition is good for a company, while an unhealthy competition can lead to frictions among employees. The most important thing is cooperative spirit among employees is essential to make profits.

The following are the advantages of competitions at work, except ________.

Competition at Workplace

       Competition is inevitable at workplace. Each employee is trying to outdo another employee in his or her performance level. An employer appreciates an employee who performs well or rather excellently.

       What is a competition at workplace like? An employer judges an employee on the basis of his or her performance level. An employee is evaluated in comparison with other employees. In order to go up the ladder of success, the employee has to show better result than his or her co-employee. His or her output at work has to be of higher level than others’ in order to get a promotion or a good salary. If he or she performs well, then he or she is monetarily compensated well.

       Management encourages a competition in order to motivate employees and get better results from them in work matters. Even in sports, one athlete is competing with another athlete to win the race. The same principle applies at workplace.

       As a matter of fact, a competition at workplace provides some benefits. First, it will motivate the people to work hard so it will result in greater productivity and better quality of work. It will create work-oriented staff. Then, the process of a whole production will meet the deadlines. At last, it will result in higher profits.     

       However, there are also some disadvantages caused by competition at workplace. First, the competition may cause too much stress and work pressure on employees which further may affect their physical and mental health. In addition, an employer may not be too sympathetic towards his or her employees as he or she may be interested only in results. Then, the competition may become unhealthy. One employee may bring down another employee through malpractice in order to supercede the person.

       What I can summarize here is that a healthy competition is good for a company, while an unhealthy competition can lead to frictions among employees. The most important thing is cooperative spirit among employees is essential to make profits.

What is the writer’s opinion about the topic?

The Death Penalty

       The death penalty for serious criminals has become a long discussion among experts. Those who agree say that the death penalty will scare the criminals off. However, those who disagree say that the death penalty is inhuman, not an effective way to stop them from doing another crime.

       In Switzerland, there is no death penalty. Most people argue that the possibility of making the wrong decision is always there; although, it is true that spending life behind bars is bad enough. Every person should have a chance for rehabilitation so that he or she can start all over again his/her life in a better way.

       Those who agree argue that there is no use to give serious criminals another chance to live. When they get out, they will create a lot of trouble such as blackmailing and killing people. So, who says that jails will prevent them from being bad guys?

                My own opinion is divided. On the one hand, I disagree for the death penalty is against the human right to live. But on the other hand, whether serious criminals are worthy to live since no one can guarantee they will never do the bad things in the future.

What is the purpose of the text?

The Death Penalty

       The death penalty for serious criminals has become a long discussion among experts. Those who agree say that the death penalty will scare the criminals off. However, those who disagree say that the death penalty is inhuman, not an effective way to stop them from doing another crime.

       In Switzerland, there is no death penalty. Most people argue that the possibility of making the wrong decision is always there; although, it is true that spending life behind bars is bad enough. Every person should have a chance for rehabilitation so that he or she can start all over again his/her life in a better way.

       Those who agree argue that there is no use to give serious criminals another chance to live. When they get out, they will create a lot of trouble such as blackmailing and killing people. So, who says that jails will prevent them from being bad guys?

       My own opinion is divided. On the one hand, I disagree for the death penalty is against the human right to live. But on the other hand, whether serious criminals are worthy to live since no one can guarantee they will never do the bad things in the future.

What is the argument which supports the death penalty?

The Death Penalty

       The death penalty for serious criminals has become a long discussion among experts. Those who agree say that the death penalty will scare the criminals off. However, those who disagree say that the death penalty is inhuman, not an effective way to stop them from doing another crime.

       In Switzerland, there is no death penalty. Most people argue that the possibility of making the wrong decision is always there; although, it is true that spending life behind bars is bad enough. Every person should have a chance for rehabilitation so that he or she can start all over again his/her life in a better way.

       Those who agree argue that there is no use to give serious criminals another chance to live. When they get out, they will create a lot of trouble such as blackmailing and killing people. So, who says that jails will prevent them from being bad guys?

       My own opinion is divided. On the one hand, I disagree for the death penalty is against the human right to live. But on the other hand, whether serious criminals are worthy to live since no one can guarantee they will never do the bad things in the future.

What is the main idea of paragraph 4?

The Death Penalty

       The death penalty for serious criminals has become a long discussion among experts. Those who agree say that the death penalty will scare the criminals off. However, those who disagree say that the death penalty is inhuman, not an effective way to stop them from doing another crime.

       In Switzerland, there is no death penalty. Most people argue that the possibility of making the wrong decision is always there; although, it is true that spending life behind bars is bad enough. Every person should have a chance for rehabilitation so that he or she can start all over again his/her life in a better way.

       Those who agree argue that there is no use to give serious criminals another chance to live. When they get out, they will create a lot of trouble such as blackmailing and killing people. So, who says that jails will prevent them from being bad guys?

       My own opinion is divided. On the one hand, I disagree for the death penalty is against the human right to live. But on the other hand, whether serious criminals are worthy to live since no one can guarantee they will never do the bad things in the future.

“Every person should have a chance for rehabilitation . . . .” (Paragraph 2)

       What is the synonym of the underlined word?

The Death Penalty

       The death penalty for serious criminals has become a long discussion among experts. Those who agree say that the death penalty will scare the criminals off. However, those who disagree say that the death penalty is inhuman, not an effective way to stop them from doing another crime.

       In Switzerland, there is no death penalty. Most people argue that the possibility of making the wrong decision is always there; although, it is true that spending life behind bars is bad enough. Every person should have a chance for rehabilitation so that he or she can start all over again his/her life in a better way.

       Those who agree argue that there is no use to give serious criminals another chance to live. When they get out, they will create a lot of trouble such as blackmailing and killing people. So, who says that jails will prevent them from being bad guys?

       My own opinion is divided. On the one hand, I disagree for the death penalty is against the human right to live. But on the other hand, whether serious criminals are worthy to live since no one can guarantee they will never do the bad things in the future.

“So, who says that jails will prevent them from being bad guys?” (Paragraph 3)

       The underlined word refers to _______.

Insecticides

       Insecticide is a substance that kills insects. Insecticides are sometimes called pesticides.

       Farmers and gardeners usually use insecticides to protect plants and animals. Apple trees must be sprayed, or many of the apples will become “wormy” with moth larvae (young). Many livestock owners spray their livestock or dip them in an insecticide solution to protect them from flies, lice, mites, and ticks. These pests spread such diseases as cattle fever and sheep scab. Diseases such as malaria and typhus can be controlled by using insecticides to treat the breeding places of the insects that spread the diseases.

       Agricultural pesticides prevent a monetary loss of about $9 billion each year in the U.S. For every $1 invested in pesticides, the American Farmer gets about $4 in return.            

       These benefits, however, must be weighed against the costs to society of using pesticides, as seen in the banning of ethylene dibromide in the early 1980s. These costs include human poisonings, fish deaths, honey bee poisonings, and the contamination of livestock products. The environmental and social costs of pesticide use in the U.S. have been estimated to be at least $1 billion each year. Thus, although pesticides are valuable for agriculture, they also can cause serious harm.

What is pesticide?

Insecticides

       Insecticide is a substance that kills insects. Insecticides are sometimes called pesticides.

       Farmers and gardeners usually use insecticides to protect plants and animals. Apple trees must be sprayed, or many of the apples will become “wormy” with moth larvae (young). Many livestock owners spray their livestock or dip them in an insecticide solution to protect them from flies, lice, mites, and ticks. These pests spread such diseases as cattle fever and sheep scab. Diseases such as malaria and typhus can be controlled by using insecticides to treat the breeding places of the insects that spread the diseases.

       Agricultural pesticides prevent a monetary loss of about $9 billion each year in the U.S. For every $1 invested in pesticides, the American Farmer gets about $4 in return.            

       These benefits, however, must be weighed against the costs to society of using pesticides, as seen in the banning of ethylene dibromide in the early 1980s. These costs include human poisonings, fish deaths, honey bee poisonings, and the contamination of livestock products. The environmental and social costs of pesticide use in the U.S. have been estimated to be at least $1 billion each year. Thus, although pesticides are valuable for agriculture, they also can cause serious harm.

What is the ratio of the cost and the benefit of the using of pesticides?

Insecticides

       Insecticide is a substance that kills insects. Insecticides are sometimes called pesticides.

       Farmers and gardeners usually use insecticides to protect plants and animals. Apple trees must be sprayed, or many of the apples will become “wormy” with moth larvae (young). Many livestock owners spray their livestock or dip them in an insecticide solution to protect them from flies, lice, mites, and ticks. These pests spread such diseases as cattle fever and sheep scab. Diseases such as malaria and typhus can be controlled by using insecticides to treat the breeding places of the insects that spread the diseases.

       Agricultural pesticides prevent a monetary loss of about $9 billion each year in the U.S. For every $1 invested in pesticides, the American Farmer gets about $4 in return.            

       These benefits, however, must be weighed against the costs to society of using pesticides, as seen in the banning of ethylene dibromide in the early 1980s. These costs include human poisonings, fish deaths, honey bee poisonings, and the contamination of livestock products. The environmental and social costs of pesticide use in the U.S. have been estimated to be at least $1 billion each year. Thus, although pesticides are valuable for agriculture, they also can cause serious harm.

What is the conclusion of the text?

Insecticides

       Insecticide is a substance that kills insects. Insecticides are sometimes called pesticides.

       Farmers and gardeners usually use insecticides to protect plants and animals. Apple trees must be sprayed, or many of the apples will become “wormy” with moth larvae (young). Many livestock owners spray their livestock or dip them in an insecticide solution to protect them from flies, lice, mites, and ticks. These pests spread such diseases as cattle fever and sheep scab. Diseases such as malaria and typhus can be controlled by using insecticides to treat the breeding places of the insects that spread the diseases.

       Agricultural pesticides prevent a monetary loss of about $9 billion each year in the U.S. For every $1 invested in pesticides, the American Farmer gets about $4 in return.            

                These benefits, however, must be weighed against the costs to society of using pesticides, as seen in the banning of ethylene dibromide in the early 1980s. These costs include human poisonings, fish deaths, honey bee poisonings, and the contamination of livestock products. The environmental and social costs of pesticide use in the U.S. have been estimated to be at least $1 billion each year. Thus, although pesticides are valuable for agriculture, they also can cause serious harm.

“These benefits, however, must be weighed against the costs to society of using pesticides, . . . .” (Last paragraph) The underlined word can be best replaced by ________.