(a)    was the method first used to immunize an individual against smallpox (Variola) with material taken from a patient or a recently variolated individual in the hope that a mild, but protective infection would result

When stock cultures are stored under liquid nitrogen, a (a)   is added to the medium.

The experiment for which (a)   won the Nobel Prize consisted of producing a cell-free extract of yeast cells and showing that this "press juice" could ferment sugar.

Higher resolving power means (a)   limit of resolution.

Acid-fast organisms like Mycobacterium contain large amounts of lipid substances within their cell walls called (a)   .

(separate the answers with a "/")

Cultivation is increasing the population of microorganisms by providing their _________ and _________ requirements.

(a)  

(a)   is used for the isolation of unusual physiological types of microorganisms which are present in small numbers and which grow slowly.

(separate the answers with a "/")

The objective of culture preservation is to retain the viability of the stock culture for a long period of time while maintaining its _______ and _______

of being "true-to-type".

(a)  

(a)   microscopy is based on the principle that cells differ in refractive index (a factor by which light is slowed as it passes through a material) from their surroundings.