WorksheetsChapter 4: Genetics
Total questions: 24
Worksheet time: 12mins
Which of the following is a pair of complementary bases?
cytosine and cytosine
thymine and adenine
adenine and guanine
thymine and cytosine
In a DNA molecule, which molecules make up the sides of the double helix?
single nucleotides
pairs of nucleotides
joined sugars and phosphates
joined nitrogenous bases and phosphates
What are the building blocks of DNA?
genes
chromosomes
amino acids
nucleic acids
Suppose that a strand of DNA has the following sequence of bases: AAGTTC. What sequence of bases will the complementary strand of DNA have?
TTCAAG
TTACCG
GGCAAT
GGTCCA
Which statement about DNA and RNA is correct?
DNA contains uracil, while RNA does not.
RNA is arranged in a double helix, while DNA is not.
RNA contains the sugar ribose, while DNA does not.
DNA contains phosphates and nitrogenous bases, while RNA does not.
Which DNA sequence produces an mRNA strand with the sequence AGUACA?
TCATGT
CAGTAC
GUACAG
UCAUGU
Transcription creates an mRNA molecule using DNA as a template. Where does this process occur in cells of eukaryotes?
in the nucleus
in the cytoplasm
in the ribosomes
in the Golgi apparatus
Which statement correctly describes translation?
Translation controls gene expression in cells.
Translation occurs in eukaryotes but not in prokaryotes.
Translation transfers information from DNA to mRNA.
Translation produces a polypeptide using the information in mRNA.
A heterozygous parent and a homozygous dominant parent have offspring. What is the probability that any one offspring will be homozygous?
25%
50%
75%
100%
Which of the following combinations of alleles represents the same phenotype but different genotypes?
Aa and AA
Aa and aa
AA and aa
Aa and Aa
Which statement summarizes the law of independent assortment?
A parent can pass on only one allele of each gene to any one offspring.
A recessive trait will only be expressed if two recessive alleles are present.
The chance of inheriting an allele is not affected by inheriting any other allele.
The probability of offspring inheriting either allele from a parent is 50%.
Two parents with genotypes Aa and aa have offspring? What is the probability that any one offspring will express the dominant allele?
25%
50%
75%
100%
In fruit flies, the allele for normal wings (V) is dominant to the allele for small, vestigial (nonfunctioning) wings (v). A fruit fly with normal wings is crossed with a fruit fly with vestigial wings. What are the possible phenotypic ratios in the offspring?
4 normal: 0 vestigial or 2 normal: 2 vestigial
4 normal: 0 vestigial or 3 normal: 1 vestigial
3 normal: 1 vestigial or 1 normal: 3 vestigial
3 normal: 1 vestigial or 2 normal: 2 vestigial
The colors of human hair and eyes are controlled by two or more genes. Which term describes this type of inheritance?
codominance
multiple alleles
polygenic traits
incomplete dominance
A roan horse is the offspring of a horse that is homozygous for a white coat and a horse that is homozygous for a red coat. The coat of a roan horse is a mixture of white hairs and red hairs. What is this phenomenon an example of?
codominance
multiple alleles
polygenic traits
sex-linked traits
Which of the following describes incomplete dominance?
More than two alleles exist for a trait.
The traits of both parents are expressed.
More than one trait is affected by a single gene.
The offspring has a different trait from either parent.
Red-green blindness is a sex-linked recessive trait. A man with red-green color blindness has children with a woman with normal color vision and is not a carrier. What is true about their children?
All the sons have red-green color blindness
All the daughters are carriers for the color-blindness allele.
The sons have a 50% chance of inheriting red-green color blindness.
The daughters have a 50% chance of inheriting red-green color blindness.
What is a mutation?
the specific sequence of bases in a molecule of DNA
a change in the genetic material of a cell
the process by which a molecule of DNA makes a copy of itself
the perfect replication of a DNA molecule
Which term describes the replacement of one base with another base in a DNA sequence?
point mutation
frameshift mutation
chromosomal mutation
nondisjunction
Which of the following transplanted genes would be least useful for a host cell?
a gene that increased the cell's resistance to diseases.
a gene that increased the range of temperature in which the cell could survive
a gene that reduced the amount of variation in the offspring of the host organism
a gene that reduced the cell's energy requirements
Which best describes how selective breeding changes the traits of organisms?
Small differences in traits accumulate in successive generations over time.
Large differences in traits appear immediately and are passed on to successive generations.
Large differences in traits appear immediately and are passed on to all offspring.
Small differences in traits appear only if DNA is not copied correctly.
Genetic engineers often use plasmids in their work. What is a plasmid?
a map of a gene.
a cell that is not yet specialized
a small, circular piece of DNA
an enzyme that can cut DNA into pieces
Which of these would be useful for determining the relationship of two organisms?
gene splicing
gene therapy
DNA fingerprinting
recombinant DNA
Which of the following is a theoretical benefit of cloning?
The variation in a species could be increased.
Organisms with new traits could be produced.
Genetic diseases in humans could be cured.
Populations of endangered species could be increased.
