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WorksheetsChapter 7 Memory (2)
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 30mins
Which of these is an example of “chunking”?
Changing your memory of what you had expected, to fit what actually happened.
Remembering RHNCRS as the word “rhinoceros”.
Remembering a rumor you read, but forgetting where you read it.
Using a series of places as a mnemonic device.
How would your memory change if you spent years practicing memorization of numbers?
You would improve your memory in general, not just for numbers.
You would improve your ability to memorize numbers, but nothing else.
You would memorize numbers the same as before, but remember them longer.
You would find it harder to remember even a short list of numbers.
What is one reason for rapid forgetting of a short-term memory?
hindsight bias
encoding specificity
interference
repression
What is meant by consolidation of memory?
Making up details to fill in the gaps of memory
Strengthening a long-term memory
Grouping items into meaningful clusters for short-term recall
Comparing your own memory of an event to someone else’s
Suppose you are doing the n-back task, with n =2. You hear “7 3 5 3 4 2 8 6 7 6 1 0 2 4 2.” What do you respond?
7 5 4 8 7 1 2 2
3 6 2
3 7 6 2 4
3 1 2
How does emotion improve memory storage?
By increasing the flow of cerebrospinal fluid
By increasing the myelination of axons
By increasing the velocity of action potentials
By releasing hormones and neurotransmitters
What is the best strategy for memorizing a long list of objects?
Repeat the list as often as time allows, sometimes forward and sometimes backward.
Think about how useful each item might be in a survival situation.
Think about how someone might manufacture each item.
Think about how much an average person would pay for each item.
Why do many students who read the assigned text slowly get the best grades?
Students who can afford to read slowly are probably not taking many courses.
Students who take the time to read each sentence twice will remember it better.
Students who pause to think about the material are engaged in deep processing.
Students who read out loud take longer, but remember better.
How could you increase your depth of processing when reading?
Pause to relate what you read to your own experiences.
Say each sentence aloud and then repeat it.
After each paragraph, close your eyes and think about something else.
Underline or highlight everything that appears to be important.
According to the principle of encoding specificity, what happens if you study at the same place and time of day as the test you will have to take?
You will remember well for the test, but not so well afterward.
You will remember well, both for the test and afterward.
You will increase test anxiety that may interfere with test performance.
You will remember only the first and last things you studied during this session.
If you want to remember something as long as possible, which of these is bad advice?
Frequently pause your reading to relate the topic to your own experiences.
Frequently alternate between reading and testing your memory of it.
Read the material in one long session until it all seems familiar.
Study a little at a time over many days.
To memorize a list of Oscar winners from the first to the most recent, you imagine each one at a location between your home and your favorite restaurant. What did you use?
The depth of processing principle
The primacy and recency effects
The representativeness heuristic
The method of loci
What is meant by hypermnesia?
Recalling episodic memories from every day of your life
Reporting memories that never actually happened
Remembering more details after repeated efforts
Gaining access to previously repressed memories
What does “hindsight bias” change?
Your memory of what you had expected
Your confidence in your memory
Your confidence in your ability to predict new events
Your evaluations of other people
You memorize poems while your brother plays videogames. When both of you learn a new poem, who forgets it faster, and why?
You do, because of retroactive interference
You do, because of proactive interference
Your brother does, because of retroactive interference
Your brother does, because of proactive interference
What do repression and dissociation imply, in clinical psychology?
A painful memory is interfering with the storage of new information.
A painful memory is causing constant distress.
A painful memory has been permanently destroyed.
A painful memory has become unconscious or unavailable.
If an experimenter suggests that some event happened, which in fact did not, when might someone claim to remember it?
It happens only if the person has retrograde amnesia.
It happens only if the event resembles experiences that have been common in human history.
It happens only if the event is similar to an event that did actually happen
It can happen even if the event is an improbable one
A “confabulation” is an extreme example of which aspect of memory?
Encoding specificity
Depth of processing
Consolidation
Reconstruction
What is early childhood amnesia?
Loss of episodic memories from early childhood
Inability to form semantic memories during early childhood
Inability to form episodic memories during early childhood
Memory problems caused by head trauma during early childhood
How long does episodic memory last in 3- and 4-year-old children?
In some cases, for many months or years
Only a few days
Only a few hours
Only until their attention is distracted
