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Atomosphere Review

Total questions: 214

Worksheet time: 2hrs 47mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The formation of frost on a cold windowpane is an example of which of the following?

a)

sublimation

b)

transpiration

c)

condensation

d)

deposition

2.

Which gas is most important for understanding the processes that take place in the atmosphere?

a)

water vapor

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

oxygen

d)

nitrogen

3.

The process whereby water vapor changes to the liquid state is called (a)  

4.

___ ___ (2 words) is the ratio of the air's actual water vapor content to its potential water vapor capacity at a give temperature

(a)  

5.

A(n) (a)   is best described as visible aggregates of minute water droplets or tiny crystals of ice suspended in the air.

6.

Frozen or semifrozen rain formed when raindrops freeze as they pass through a layer of cold air is called (a)  

7.

The term (a)   refers to the maximum possible quantity of water vapor that the air can hold at any given temperature and pressure.

8.

Sheets or layers of clouds that cover much or all of the sky are called (a)   clouds.

9.

The temperature to which air would have to be cooled to reach saturation is the ___ ____ (2 words).

(a)  

10.

Nearly spherical ice pellets which have concentric layers and are formed by the successive freezing of layers of water are referred to as (a)  

11.

A cloud with its base at or very near Earth's surface is referred to as (a)   .

12.

A dry area on the lee side of a mountain that forms as air descends and is warmed by compression, is called a(n) ___ ___ (2 words)

(a)  

13.

A(n) (a)   is a line on a weather map that connects places of equal air pressure.

14.

A(n) (a)   is a seasonal reversal of wind direction associated with large continents, especially Asia.

15.

Air that flows horizontally with respect to Earth's surface is referred to as (a)  

16.

A(n) ___ ___ is a local wind flowing from land toward the water during the night in coastal areas. (2 words)

(a)  

17.

A wind blowing down the leeward side of a mountain and warming by compression is called a(n) (a)   .

18.

A(n) ___ ___ is a local wind blowing from the sea during the afternoon in coastal areas. (2 words)

(a)  

19.

A(n) ___ ___ is a swift (120 to 240 km/hour), high-altitude wind. (2 words)

(a)  

20.

A center of high atmospheric pressure is called a(n) (a)  

21.

The (a)   are the dominant west-to-east winds that characterize the regions on the poleward sides of the subtropical highs.

22.

The ___ ___ are wind belts located on the equatorward sides of the subtropical highs. (2 words)

(a)  

23.

A(n) ___ ___ is an immense body of air characterized by a similarity of temperature and moisture at any given altitude. (2 words)

(a)  

24.

A(n) (a)   is a boundary that separates different air masses, one warmer than the other and often higher in moisture content.

25.

A tropical cyclonic storm having winds in excess of 74 miles per hour is called a(n) (a)  

26.

A(n) ___ ___ is a tropical cyclone with winds between 38 and 74 miles per hour. (2 words)

(a)  

27.

A(n) ___ ___ is the area where an air mass acquires its characteristic properties of temperature and moisture.

(a)  

28.

When cold air is actively advancing into a region occupied by warmer air, the boundary is called a(n) ___ ___. (2 words)

(a)  

29.

When the surface position of a front moves so that warm air occupies territory formerly covered by cooler air, it is called a(n) ___ ___. (2 words)

(a)  

30.

A(n) (a)   is a small, very intense cyclonic storm with exceedingly high winds, most often produced along cold fronts in conjunction with severe thunderstorms.

31.

When conditions appear favorable for tornado formation, a ___ ___ is issued for areas covering about 25,000 miles. (2 words)

(a)  

32.

A(n) (a)   is a storm of relatively short duration produced by a cumulonimbus cloud and accompanied by strong wind gusts, heavy rain, lightning, thunder, and sometimes hail.

33.

A(n) ___ ___ is a dome of water that sweeps across the coast near the point where the eye of the hurricane makes landfall. (2 words)

(a)  

34.

A(n) ___ ___ is issued when a funnel cloud has actually been sighted or is indicated by radar. (2 words)

(a)  

35.

During the winter, a highly localized storm occurring along the leeward shores of the Great Lakes often creates what is known as a(n) ___ ___. (2 words, 1 hyphenated)

(a)  

36.

Earth's ___ ___ consists of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, solid Earth, biosphere, and cryosphere and involves the exchanges of energy and moisture that occur among the five parts. (2 words)

(a)  

37.

Nearly half of Australia is a(n) ___ ___, and much of the remainder is a steppe climate. (2 words)

(a)  

38.

The (a)   climate is a treeless climate found almost exclusively in the Northern Hemisphere.

39.
Which gas is most important for understanding the processes that take place in the atmosphere?
a)
nitrogen
b)
oxygen
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
water vapor
40.
The formation of frost on a cold windowpane is an example of which of the following?
a)
sublimation
b)
transpiration
c)
condensation
d)
deposition
41.
What does relative humidity indicate?
a)
the amount of heating needed for evaporation
b)
the amount of water vapor in the air
c)
the ratio of water vapor to carbon dioxide in air
d)
how close air is to saturation
42.
Which form of precipitation is likely to occur when a layer of warm air with temperatures above freezing overlies a subfreezing layer near the ground?
a)
rain
b)
sleet
c)
snow
d)
hail
43.
Air that has reached its water vapor capacity is said to be ___
a)
dry
b)
unstable
c)
stable
d)
saturated
44.
Which clouds are best described as sheets or layers that cover much or all of the sky?
a)
cirrus
b)
cumulus
c)
cumulonimbus
d)
stratus
45.
Relative humidity is typically highest at __
a)
noon
b)
midnight
c)
late afternoon
d)
sunrise
46.
The temperature to which air would have to be cooled to reach saturation is called the ___ point.
a)
vapor
b)
critical
c)
sublimation
d)
dew
47.
With which cloud type is hail most associated?
a)
cirrus
b)
stratus
c)
cumulus
d)
cumulonimbus
48.
Compared to clouds, fogs are ___
a)
colder
b)
thicker
c)
drier
d)
at lower altitudes
49.
Which clouds are high, white, and thin?
a)
cumulus
b)
stratus
c)
nimbostratus
d)
cirrus
50.
Which one of the following is not produced by condensation?
a)
dew
b)
fog
c)
clouds
d)
smog
51.
Variations in air pressure from place to place are the principal cause of __.
a)
snow
b)
rain
c)
clouds
d)
wind
52.
Centers of low pressure are called __
a)
jet streams
b)
air masses
c)
anticyclones
d)
cyclones
53.
The general movement of low pressure centers across the United States is from ___
a)
north to south
b)
south to north
c)
east to west
d)
west to east
54.
An immense body of air characterized by a similarity of temperature and moisture at any given altitude is referred to as a(n) __
a)
anticyclone
b)
front
c)
cyclone
d)
air mass
55.
Hurricanes are classified according to intensity using the __.
a)
Richter scale
b)
Doppler scale
c)
Fujita scale
d)
Saffir-Simpson scale
56.
The boundary that separates different air masses is called a(n) ___
a)
anticyclone
b)
storm
c)
cyclone
d)
front
57.
The primary tornado warning system in use today involves both ___
a)
observers and satellites
b)
observers and barometers
c)
satellites and radar
d)
observers and radar
58.
The area in which an air mass acquires its characteristic properties of temperature and moisture is called its __.
a)
area of origin
b)
location
c)
weather site
d)
source region
59.
The weather behind a cold front is dominated by a __
a)
rising, relatively cold air mass
b)
subsiding, relatively cold air mass
c)
rising, relatively warm air mass
d)
subsiding, relatively warm air mass
60.
The source of the heat necessary to maintain the upward development of a thunderstorm is __
a)
friction
b)
surface heating
c)
electrical heat
d)
latent heat
61.
Following the passage of a cold front, winds often come from the __
a)
south to southeast
b)
east to southeast
c)
west to southwest
d)
north to northwest
62.
The greatest tornado frequency in the United States is during the period __.
a)
January through March
b)
April through June
c)
July through September
d)
October through December
63.
Hurricanes develop most often in the ___
a)
early winter
b)
late summer
c)
late winter
d)
early summer
64.
The best-known and most used system for climate classification is the ___ classification.
a)
Smith
b)
Koppen
c)
Klaus
d)
Trewartha
65.
The description of the aggregate weather conditions of a place or region is termed __
a)
weather
b)
climate
c)
cyclogenesis
d)
averaging
66.
Which one of the following is not a possible consequence of a greenhouse warming?
a)
more frequent and intense hurricanes
b)
reduction in secondary pollutants
c)
rising sea levels
d)
increase of heat waves and droughts
67.
A(n) __ climate dominates the southeastern United States.
a)
marine west coast
b)
humid subtropical
c)
humid continental
d)
tropical wet and dry
68.
A type of polar climate, called the ___ climate, is a treeless climate found almost exclusively in the Northern Hemisphere.
a)
taiga
b)
tundra
c)
plains
d)
coastal
69.
Melting ice packs and reducing the albedo of a region, leading to increased warming, is an example of
a)
a temperature inversion
b)
a climatic feedback mechanism
c)
deforestation
d)
frost control
70.
The consensus in the scientific community is that altering atmospheric composition by the addition of carbon dioxide and trace gases will eventually lead to a ___ planet with a different distribution of climatic regions
a)
cooler
b)
warmer
c)
wetter
d)
drier
71.
The two most important elements in a climatic description are temperature and ___.
a)
pressure
b)
precipitation
c)
wind speed
d)
wind direction
72.
The best known climatic effect of increased altitude is to cause lower __
a)
relative humidities
b)
temperatures
c)
wind velocities
d)
rainfall amounts
73.
Which one of the following is a climatic condition that is lowered by cities in comparison with the rural environment?
a)
relative humidity
b)
temperatures
c)
fog
d)
precipitation
74.

The process whereby water vapor changes to the liquid state is called (a)  

75.

___ ___ (2 words) is the ratio of the air's actual water vapor content to its potential water vapor capacity at a give temperature

(a)  

76.

A(n) (a)   is best described as visible aggregates of minute water droplets or tiny crystals of ice suspended in the air.

77.

Frozen or semifrozen rain formed when raindrops freeze as they pass through a layer of cold air is called (a)  

78.

The term (a)   refers to the maximum possible quantity of water vapor that the air can hold at any given temperature and pressure.

79.

Sheets or layers of clouds that cover much or all of the sky are called (a)   clouds.

80.

The temperature to which air would have to be cooled to reach saturation is the ___ ____ (2 words).

(a)  

81.

Nearly spherical ice pellets which have concentric layers and are formed by the successive freezing of layers of water are referred to as (a)  

82.

A cloud with its base at or very near Earth's surface is referred to as (a)   .

83.

A dry area on the lee side of a mountain that forms as air descends and is warmed by compression, is called a(n) ___ ___ (2 words)

(a)  

84.

A(n) (a)   is a line on a weather map that connects places of equal air pressure.

85.

A(n) (a)   is a seasonal reversal of wind direction associated with large continents, especially Asia.

86.

Air that flows horizontally with respect to Earth's surface is referred to as (a)  

87.

A(n) ___ ___ is a local wind flowing from land toward the water during the night in coastal areas. (2 words)

(a)  

88.

A wind blowing down the leeward side of a mountain and warming by compression is called a(n) (a)   .

89.

A(n) ___ ___ is a local wind blowing from the sea during the afternoon in coastal areas. (2 words)

(a)  

90.

A(n) ___ ___ is a swift (120 to 240 km/hour), high-altitude wind. (2 words)

(a)  

91.

A center of high atmospheric pressure is called a(n) (a)  

92.

The (a)   are the dominant west-to-east winds that characterize the regions on the poleward sides of the subtropical highs.

93.

The ___ ___ are wind belts located on the equatorward sides of the subtropical highs. (2 words)

(a)  

94.

A(n) ___ ___ is an immense body of air characterized by a similarity of temperature and moisture at any given altitude. (2 words)

(a)  

95.

A(n) (a)   is a boundary that separates different air masses, one warmer than the other and often higher in moisture content.

96.

A tropical cyclonic storm having winds in excess of 74 miles per hour is called a(n) (a)  

97.

A(n) ___ ___ is a tropical cyclone with winds between 38 and 74 miles per hour. (2 words)

(a)  

98.

A(n) ___ ___ is the area where an air mass acquires its characteristic properties of temperature and moisture.

(a)  

99.

When cold air is actively advancing into a region occupied by warmer air, the boundary is called a(n) ___ ___. (2 words)

(a)  

100.

When the surface position of a front moves so that warm air occupies territory formerly covered by cooler air, it is called a(n) ___ ___. (2 words)

(a)  

101.

A(n) (a)   is a small, very intense cyclonic storm with exceedingly high winds, most often produced along cold fronts in conjunction with severe thunderstorms.

102.

When conditions appear favorable for tornado formation, a ___ ___ is issued for areas covering about 25,000 miles. (2 words)

(a)  

103.

A(n) (a)   is a storm of relatively short duration produced by a cumulonimbus cloud and accompanied by strong wind gusts, heavy rain, lightning, thunder, and sometimes hail.

104.

A(n) ___ ___ is a dome of water that sweeps across the coast near the point where the eye of the hurricane makes landfall. (2 words)

(a)  

105.

A(n) ___ ___ is issued when a funnel cloud has actually been sighted or is indicated by radar. (2 words)

(a)  

106.

During the winter, a highly localized storm occurring along the leeward shores of the Great Lakes often creates what is known as a(n) ___ ___. (2 words, 1 hyphenated)

(a)  

107.

Earth's ___ ___ consists of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, solid Earth, biosphere, and cryosphere and involves the exchanges of energy and moisture that occur among the five parts. (2 words)

(a)  

108.

Nearly half of Australia is a(n) ___ ___, and much of the remainder is a steppe climate. (2 words)

(a)  

109.

The (a)   climate is a treeless climate found almost exclusively in the Northern Hemisphere.

110.
Which gas is most important for understanding the processes that take place in the atmosphere?
a)
nitrogen
b)
oxygen
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
water vapor
111.
The formation of frost on a cold windowpane is an example of which of the following?
a)
sublimation
b)
transpiration
c)
condensation
d)
deposition
112.
What does relative humidity indicate?
a)
the amount of heating needed for evaporation
b)
the amount of water vapor in the air
c)
the ratio of water vapor to carbon dioxide in air
d)
how close air is to saturation
113.
Which form of precipitation is likely to occur when a layer of warm air with temperatures above freezing overlies a subfreezing layer near the ground?
a)
rain
b)
sleet
c)
snow
d)
hail
114.
Air that has reached its water vapor capacity is said to be ___
a)
dry
b)
unstable
c)
stable
d)
saturated
115.
Which clouds are best described as sheets or layers that cover much or all of the sky?
a)
cirrus
b)
cumulus
c)
cumulonimbus
d)
stratus
116.
Relative humidity is typically highest at __
a)
noon
b)
midnight
c)
late afternoon
d)
sunrise
117.
The temperature to which air would have to be cooled to reach saturation is called the ___ point.
a)
vapor
b)
critical
c)
sublimation
d)
dew
118.
With which cloud type is hail most associated?
a)
cirrus
b)
stratus
c)
cumulus
d)
cumulonimbus
119.
Compared to clouds, fogs are ___
a)
colder
b)
thicker
c)
drier
d)
at lower altitudes
120.
Which clouds are high, white, and thin?
a)
cumulus
b)
stratus
c)
nimbostratus
d)
cirrus
121.
Which one of the following is not produced by condensation?
a)
dew
b)
fog
c)
clouds
d)
smog
122.
Variations in air pressure from place to place are the principal cause of __.
a)
snow
b)
rain
c)
clouds
d)
wind
123.
Centers of low pressure are called __
a)
jet streams
b)
air masses
c)
anticyclones
d)
cyclones
124.
The general movement of low pressure centers across the United States is from ___
a)
north to south
b)
south to north
c)
east to west
d)
west to east
125.
An immense body of air characterized by a similarity of temperature and moisture at any given altitude is referred to as a(n) __
a)
anticyclone
b)
front
c)
cyclone
d)
air mass
126.
Hurricanes are classified according to intensity using the __.
a)
Richter scale
b)
Doppler scale
c)
Fujita scale
d)
Saffir-Simpson scale
127.
The boundary that separates different air masses is called a(n) ___
a)
anticyclone
b)
storm
c)
cyclone
d)
front
128.
The primary tornado warning system in use today involves both ___
a)
observers and satellites
b)
observers and barometers
c)
satellites and radar
d)
observers and radar
129.
The area in which an air mass acquires its characteristic properties of temperature and moisture is called its __.
a)
area of origin
b)
location
c)
weather site
d)
source region
130.
The weather behind a cold front is dominated by a __
a)
rising, relatively cold air mass
b)
subsiding, relatively cold air mass
c)
rising, relatively warm air mass
d)
subsiding, relatively warm air mass
131.
The source of the heat necessary to maintain the upward development of a thunderstorm is __
a)
friction
b)
surface heating
c)
electrical heat
d)
latent heat
132.
Following the passage of a cold front, winds often come from the __
a)
south to southeast
b)
east to southeast
c)
west to southwest
d)
north to northwest
133.
The greatest tornado frequency in the United States is during the period __.
a)
January through March
b)
April through June
c)
July through September
d)
October through December
134.
Hurricanes develop most often in the ___
a)
early winter
b)
late summer
c)
late winter
d)
early summer
135.
The best-known and most used system for climate classification is the ___ classification.
a)
Smith
b)
Koppen
c)
Klaus
d)
Trewartha
136.
The description of the aggregate weather conditions of a place or region is termed __
a)
weather
b)
climate
c)
cyclogenesis
d)
averaging
137.
Which one of the following is not a possible consequence of a greenhouse warming?
a)
more frequent and intense hurricanes
b)
reduction in secondary pollutants
c)
rising sea levels
d)
increase of heat waves and droughts
138.
A(n) __ climate dominates the southeastern United States.
a)
marine west coast
b)
humid subtropical
c)
humid continental
d)
tropical wet and dry
139.
A type of polar climate, called the ___ climate, is a treeless climate found almost exclusively in the Northern Hemisphere.
a)
taiga
b)
tundra
c)
plains
d)
coastal
140.
Melting ice packs and reducing the albedo of a region, leading to increased warming, is an example of
a)
a temperature inversion
b)
a climatic feedback mechanism
c)
deforestation
d)
frost control
141.
The consensus in the scientific community is that altering atmospheric composition by the addition of carbon dioxide and trace gases will eventually lead to a ___ planet with a different distribution of climatic regions
a)
cooler
b)
warmer
c)
wetter
d)
drier
142.
The two most important elements in a climatic description are temperature and ___.
a)
pressure
b)
precipitation
c)
wind speed
d)
wind direction
143.
The best known climatic effect of increased altitude is to cause lower __
a)
relative humidities
b)
temperatures
c)
wind velocities
d)
rainfall amounts
144.
Which one of the following is a climatic condition that is lowered by cities in comparison with the rural environment?
a)
relative humidity
b)
temperatures
c)
fog
d)
precipitation
145.
The atmosphere is needed for people to
a)
fly planes
b)
sail boats
c)
hear birds sing
d)
all of these
146.
How does the atmosphere change as altitude increases?
a)
all of these
b)
The percent of oxygen in air decreases
c)
The pressure of air increases
d)
The density of air decreases
147.
Without the atmosphere, Earth would have no
a)
life
b)
weather
c)
soil
d)
all of these
148.
The gas that organisms need for respiration is
a)
carbon dioxide
b)
water vapor
c)
ozone
d)
oxygen
149.
The amount of water vapor in the air
a)
is always constant
b)
varies by location
c)
varies by season
d)
two of these
150.
In which level of the atmosphere is ozone concentrated?
a)
troposphere
b)
stratosphere
c)
mesophere
d)
thermosphere
151.
Seasonal changes occur because of
a)
the time of year
b)
the distance between Earth and the moon
c)
Earth's shape
d)
Earth's tilt
152.
Because of convection, the warmest air in a room
a)
spreads out in all directions
b)
transfers heat to the walls
c)
sinks toward the floor
d)
rises toward the ceiling
153.
Which of the following results when there is a temperature difference between two objects?
a)
One object will always have more heat than the other object.
b)
Both objects will gain more and more heat.
c)
The temperature of both objects increases.
d)
Heat is transferred from one object to the other.
154.
Which of the following is not true about radiation?
a)
The hottest radiating bodies produce the shortest wavelengths.
b)
All objects emit radiant energy.
c)
Objects that absorb radiation well emit radiation equally as well.
d)
Radiation cannot travel through a vacuum.
155.
Which of the following best describes temperature variations?
a)
Variations are greater over water than over land.
b)
Variations are the same over water and land.
c)
Variations over water cannot be determined
d)
Variations are greater over land than over water.
156.
In general, what is true about places at higher altitudes?
a)
They have the same temperatures as places at lower altitudes
b)
They have warmer temperatures than places at lower altitudes
c)
They have less predictable temperatures than places at lower altitudes.
d)
They have cooler temperatures than places at lower altitudes
157.
Earth receives energy from the sun through what method of heat transfer?
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
none of these
d)
radiation
158.
Most important weather phenomena occur in the
a)
stratosphere
b)
mesosphere
c)
thermosphere
d)
troposphere
159.
What is the lowest layer of the atmosphere?
a)
stratosphere
b)
mesosphere
c)
thermosphere
d)
troposphere
160.
The form of oxygen that combines three oxygen atoms into each molecule is called
a)
argon
b)
chlorofluorocarbon
c)
thermopause
d)
ozone
161.
On the average, for every 1 km increase in altitude in the troposphere, the air temperature ___.
a)
rises only during the day
b)
remains constant
c)
rises about 6.5 degrees C
d)
drops about 6.5 degrees C
162.
Ozone filters out most of the ___ radiation in sunlight.
a)
microwave
b)
gamma
c)
infrared
d)
ultraviolet
163.
Practically all clouds and storms occur in this layer of the atmosphere.
a)
ionosphere
b)
stratosphere
c)
mesosphere
d)
troposphere
164.
The longest wavelengths on the electromagnetic spectrum are __
a)
gamma
b)
ultraviolet
c)
infrared
d)
radio
165.
The storage of heat in the lower layer of the atmosphere produced by certain heat absorbing gases is called the ____.
a)
adiabatic effect
b)
grey-body effect
c)
photon effect
d)
greenhouse effect
166.
Earth receives energy from the Sun in this way.
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
all of these
d)
radiation
167.
Which are mechanisms of heat transfer?
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
d)
all of these
168.
The transfer of heat through matter by molecular activity is
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
d)
all of these
169.
This process involves the movement of a mass or substance.
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
d)
all of these
170.
Most meteors burn up in the
a)
mesosphere
b)
troposphere
c)
stratosphere
d)
thermosphere
171.
Temperatures increase with increasing altitude in the
a)
mesosphere
b)
troposphere
c)
stratosphere
d)
two of these
172.
In a temperature inversion, warmer air
a)
sits over cooler air
b)
rises into the stratosphere
c)
is less stable than cooler air
d)
sinks to Earth's surface
173.
A change in temperature with distance is called a temperature
a)
gradient
b)
inversion
c)
reversal
d)
none of these
174.
Water in a lake stays cooler than nearby land on a hot sunny day because water has a higher
a)
specific heat
b)
latent heat
c)
insolation
d)
albedo
175.
Heat transfer by the movement of molecules in currents is called
a)
convection
b)
radiation
c)
reflection
d)
conduction
176.
Earth's seasons occur because of changes in the
a)
direction Earth is tilting
b)
speed of Earth's revolution
c)
distance of Earth from the sun
d)
solar radiation produced by the sun
177.
Winds blow when air flows from areas of higher to lower
a)
pressure
b)
elevation
c)
temperature
d)
altitude
178.
When warm air cools it
a)
becomes denser
b)
can hold more moisture
c)
becomes less dense
d)
two of these
179.
Land and sea breezes
a)
all of these
b)
may occur daily and seasonally
c)
are types of local winds
d)
occur because of differences in specific heat
180.
A rainshadow occurs
a)
on the leeward size of a mountain
b)
where moist air sinks to the ground
c)
in a low-pressure zone
d)
all of these
181.
In global atmospheric circulation
a)
two of these
b)
warm air flows south from the equator
c)
warm air flows north from the equator
d)
warm air sinks at the equator
182.
The most abundant gas in the atmosphere is nitrogen.
a)
true
b)
false
183.
Air is a mixture.
a)
true
b)
false
184.
Ozone is concentrated in the mesosphere.
a)
true
b)
false
185.
Visible wavelengths make up about one-half of the electromagnetic spectrum.
a)
true
b)
false
186.
Snow-covered surfaces have a low albedo.
a)
true
b)
false
187.
The atmosphere is heated chiefly by radiation emitted by Earth.
a)
true
b)
false
188.
Earth's atmosphere ends quite abruptly at an altitude of 40 kilometers.
a)
true
b)
false
189.

When the particles in a substance move faster, the (a)   increases.

190.

In (a)   , heat flows from the higher temperature matter to the lower temperature matter by direct contact.

191.

When heat is transferred through (a)   , energy travels in all directions from its source.

192.

A hot-air balloon rises into the sky because of the a form of heat transfer known as (a)   .

193.

Temperature variations are (a)   over land than over water.

194.

In general, temperatures at high altitudes tend to be (a)   than temperatures at lower altitudes.

195.

(a)   occurs when light bounces off an object.

196.

The thin blanket of gases and tiny particles that surrounds Earth is the (a)   .

197.

(a)   gases trap heat in the atmosphere and help to moderate global temperatures.

198.

Air density (a)   as altitude increases.

199.

Temperatures in the troposphere (a)   with higher altitude.

200.

High-speed particles traveling outward from the sun make up solar (a)   .

201.

Density and pressure of air are higher when air temperature is (a)   .

202.

The zone of charged solar particles that cause the aurora is the (a)  

203.

The lowest layer of the atmosphere (a)   .

204.

Layer of the atmosphere with the coldest temperatures (a)  

205.

The most abundant gas in the atmosphere is (a)   .

206.

Ozone is concentrated in which atmospheric layer?

(a)  

207.

Above the stratosphere is a layer called the (a)   where temperatures decrease with an increase in altitude.

208.

Located adjacent to red on the electromagnetic spectrum, and having a longer wavelength, is (a)   radiation, which we cannot see but which we can detect as heat.

209.

The closest invisible wavelengths to violet on the electromagnetic spectrum are called (a)   and are responsible for sunburns.

210.

The fraction of of the total radiation encountered that is reflected by a surface is called its (a)   .

211.

Layer of the atmosphere where the International Space Station orbits

(a)  

212.

Outermost layer of the atmosphere

(a)  

213.

Layer of the atmosphere that contains the ozone layer.

(a)  

214.

Part of the thermosphere where electrons flow in electric currents

(a)